Ngaba ugqirha ukhe wafumanisa ukuba une -Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? Okanye ngaba kukho umntu omaziyo onale meko? Ukuba kunjalo, usenokuba uqhelene neempawu zokungakwazi ukulawula izinto ezincinci, ukucaphuka lula, nokuba nobunzima bokujamelana nemeko embi. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-ADHD yingxaki nje yokungakwazi ukugxila nokuhlala kwindawo enye. Kodwa inyani inzima kakhulu. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko yokungalingani ngokweemvakalelo edla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-ADHD, kodwa ekungekho mntu uthetha ngayo.
Yintoni le DESR?
Oogqirha babiza le meko ngokuthi yiDeficient Emotional Self-Regulation, okanye iDESR ngamafutshane. Ngamafutshane, oku kuthetha ubunzima bokulawula, ukuzola, kunye nokuziphatha ngokufanelekileyo xa umntu evakalelwa yimvakalelo enamandla (umzekelo, umsindo, usizi, okanye ixhala).
Khawuthelekelele oku. Usemgceni, aze umntu akunqumle aze aqhubeke phambili. Umntu oqhelekileyo unokulawula umsindo wakhe, nokuba umncinci. Kodwa umntu one-DESR usenokungakwazi ukulawula umsindo wakhe ngelo xesha, aze ade amkhwaze okanye amthuke loo mntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba impendulo yakhe yeemvakalelo inkulu kakhulu kunesiganeko.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, incwadi esemthethweni yokuxilonga ngezonyango (DSM-5) ayibhali i-DESR njengophawu. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezinjengoRussell Barkley, ingcali kweli candelo, zithi yenye yeempawu eziphambili neziphambili ze-ADHD.
Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili ze-DESR?
Singakubona oku kunqongophala kolawulo lweemvakalelo ngeendlela ezine eziphambili. Xa abantu abaninzi abane-ADHD bebona oku, bacinga, "Owu... nam ndinayo le."
| Uphawu | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukungxama ngokweemvakalelo | Umonde uphantsi kakhulu. Umntu ucaphuka lula nangezinto ezincinci. Oku kunokubonwa ekuphazamisekeni, ukungabi namonde, nokubonakalisa iimvakalelo ngamandla. |
| Ukungakwazi Ukuzithuthuzela | Xa kuvela imvakalelo enamandla, umzekelo umsindo, kunzima ukunciphisa amandla ayo uze ubuyele esiqhelweni, oko kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukuzola. Uziva uvaleleke kuloo mvakalelo. |
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Ukuba umntu uthetha into ebuhlungu, uhlala ucinga ngayo, kwaye kuba nzima ukususa ingqalelo yakho kwisiganeko uze wenze enye into. Ingqondo yakho ibambelele kweso siganeko. |
| Ubunzima ekukhetheni impendulo elungileyo | Xa benomsindo, endaweni yokukhwaza, bayazi ukuba kufuneka bathethe ngezinto baze basombulule ingxaki, kodwa bayaphulukana nolawulo ngelo xesha baze bagqibele bekhwaza baze benze izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi. Oko kukuthi, bavumela iimvakalelo zabo ukuba zilawule umzuzu kunokuba zilawule okulungileyo ixesha elide. |
Yintoni enxulumene ne-ADHD kunye neemvakalelo ezingqondweni?
Oku akuyongxaki yokuziphatha nje kuphela. Kusekelwe kwi-neurological based. Kukho iindawo zengqondo ezilawula iimvakalelo zethu. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba yi-limbic system . Inxalenye ekule nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-amygdala, eyona ndawo iphambili yeemvakalelo. Kwaye inxalenye engaphambili kwengqondo elawula ukucinga, ukwenza izigqibo, kunye nokuziphatha ibizwa ngokuba yi-prefrontal cortex .
Uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abane-ADHD banomahluko ekusebenzeni kwezi ndawo kunye nonxibelelwano phakathi kwazo. Iinkqubo zengqondo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiingqondo zethu, ezinje ngokucwangcisa, ukucwangcisa, ukulawula ixesha, kunye nokulawula iimvakalelo, zibizwa ngokuba yi-executive functioning . Ngoko ke olu lawulo lweemvakalelo ngumsebenzi ophambili wokulawula ophazamiseka yi-ADHD.
Kutheni oku kungaqondwa kakuhle?
Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu. Ngenxa yokuba le ngxaki yokulawula iimvakalelo kwi-ADHD ayibonwa njengophawu olusemthethweni, noogqirha ngamanye amaxesha banokuyiphambanisa nesinye isifo.
Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubafazi. Khawucinge ngomfazi ohlala exhalabile, edakumbile lula, kwaye enomsindo. Xa esiya kugqirha, ukuba akacingi kakuhle nge-ADHD, usenokuba noxinzelelo.Kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba uxilongwe ngendlela engafanelekanga ngesifo se-bipolar , kwaye amayeza anikiweyo awayi kujongana nengxaki yokwenyani, eyi-ADHD.
Njengoko iingcali zisitsho, "Iingxaki zokulawula iimvakalelo zomntu one-ADHD, ingakumbi ukukhululwa okungalawulekiyo kweemvakalelo kunye nokungakwazi ukumelana nazo nokuzilawula xa zivela, ziyinxalenye ye-ADHD ngokwayo. Akukho mfuneko yokukhangela esinye isifo sengqondo ukuze ufumane unobangela. Bubuthathaka ekusebenzeni kolawulo kwi-ADHD ngokwayo."
Ngoko ke ungayahlula njani le nto kwezinye izifo zengqondo?
Oku kunzima kancinci, kodwa masizame ukukugcina kulula. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye nemeko efana ne-bipolar disorder. Kodwa khumbula, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
| Uphawu | I-DESR kwi-ADHD | Umzekelo: Isifo seBipolar |
|---|---|---|
| Isizathu sokutshintsha kweemvakalelo | Idla ngokuvela njengempendulo kwinto eyenzekayo ngelo xesha (isizathu). (umz. umntu okugxekayo). | Utshintsho lweemvakalelo oluhlala iintsuku okanye iiveki, rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. |
| Ixesha leemvakalelo | Okwexeshana elifutshane. Ingaphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa okanye ngosuku emva kwesiganeko. | Ixesha elide. Iimeko zokudakumba okanye zokuxinezeleka zinokuhlala iiveki. |
| Umxholo | Ubunzulu beemvakalelo, nokuba 'ziphezulu' xa kuthelekiswa noko kwakusenzeka ngelo xesha, bunxulumene nazo. | Uhlobo lweemvakalelo lusenokungadibani nento eyenzekayo ngelo xesha. |
Njengoko ubona, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini. Kodwa ezi mpawu zinokudibana. Ngoko ke ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unale ngxaki, ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha wengqondo nithethe ngayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ukuzixilonga kwaye ufune iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo zonyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayisiyongxaki yokunikel’ ingqalelo nje kuphela. Ukuphazamiseka ekulawuleni iimvakalelo (DESR) nako kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo nebalulekileyo yale ngxaki.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu ze-ADHD ezifana nokucaphuka msinya, ukuziva ulusizi, kunye nokungabi namonde ngezinto ezincinci, oko kusenokuba yi-DESR.
- Le ngxaki ngokulawula iimvakalelo ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela ekuxilongweni okungafanelekanga okufana nokudakumba okanye isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neemvakalelo zakho, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye nonyango.
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