Ngaba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuhlala kwindawo enye? Okanye akakwazi ukugxila kwinto ethile? Ngaba ungumntu ongxamayo, owenza izinto ngokukhawuleza? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esisibiza ngokuba yi-ADHD, okanye i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Ngoko ke xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki efana nale, elinye lamathemba amakhulu engqondweni yabazali abaninzi kukuba, "Kulungile, mhlawumbi le yimeko yobuntwana eza kuphela xa ekhula." Ngaba kunjalo ngokwenene? Nangona kusenokuba njalo ngamanye amaxesha, idatha yamva nje ibonisa ukuba i-ADHD ayisiyonto "eba ngcono" nje. Makhe sithethe ngale nto nzulu kancinci.
I-ADHD kunye neempawu zayo zitshintsha njani ngokuhamba kweminyaka?
I-ADHD idla ngokufunyaniswa xa ineminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Ngaphambili, oogqirha nabazali babecinga ukuba malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana abane-ADHD baya kukhula bengenaso esi sifo xa besebatsha okanye bengabantu abadala. Kodwa loo ngcamango itshintshile.
Cinga ngako oku, uphando lwangaphambili lubonise ukuba malunga ne-30% okanye i-40% yabantwana abane-ADHD bayaqhubeka nokubonisa iimpawu xa bebadala. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha bayaphola.
Nangona kunjalo, bekukho isiphene esincinci kwezi zifundo zakudala. Oko kukuthi, bavavanya abantwana kube kanye okanye kabini ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kwisigqibo.
Kwisifundo sakutshanje, esithathe ixesha elide, abaphandi balandele iqela labantwana abane-ADHD izihlandlo ezisibhozo kwixesha leminyaka eli-16, de bafikelela kwiminyaka engama-25 ubudala. Baqokelele ulwazi kubantwana, kubazali babo, nakootitshala babo, baze baqwalasele nokuba bafumana unyango na.
Oko kwatyhilwa apho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ama-90% abo bantwana babeneempawu ze-ADHD eziphantse zibe ngaphantsi xa bebadala.
- Liqela elincinci kakhulu, malunga ne-9%, elalilahlekelwe ziimpawu zalo ngokupheleleyo.
- Iimpawu zabantu abaninzi bezingazinzanga. Oko kukuthi, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu beziphela zize ziphinde zinyuke ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengeliza elinyuka lize lihle.
- Kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zazibonakala ngathi ziyanyamalala ngokupheleleyo, kodwa emva koko zaphinda zavela emva kweminyaka embalwa.
Ngamafutshane, i-ADHD ayisiyonto enokuthiwa "ukuba nayo" okanye "ukungabi nayo" ngekhonkco. Yimeko eqhubekayo enokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Yintoni onokuyilindela nge-ADHD njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula?
Nangona i-ADHD yomntwana wakho isenokungapheli njengoko ekhula, indlela eziveza ngayo inokutshintsha.Iimpawu ze-ADHD kulula ukuzibona, kodwa umntu omdala ophile nale meko iminyaka emininzi usenokuba ufumene iindlela zokulawula iimpawu zakhe okanye ukuzifihla kwabanye.
Makhe sibone ukuba olu tshintsho luza kwenzeka njani.
| Uphawu lwe-ADHD | Indlela eyayibukeka ngayo xa ndandisemncinci | Indlela yokujonga xa umdala |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo | Ukungakwazi ukuhlala kwindawo enye, ukubaleka rhoqo nokudlala, ukuzulazula nokuba usesitulweni. | Endaweni yokungonwabi ngokwasemzimbeni, kukho ukuziva ungenakuphumla ngaphakathi . Uziva ukruqukile lula, uhlala ufuna ukwenza into entsha. |
| Ukungakhathali | Ubunzima bokugxila kumsebenzi wesikolo nomsebenzi wesikolo, ukuphupha rhoqo, nokulibala izinto. | Ukungakwazi ukucwangcisa umsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, ubunzima bokugqiba imisebenzi ngexesha, kunye nokulahlekelwa yingqwalasela ngexesha lencoko. |
| Ukungxama | Ukungakwazi ukulinda emigceni, ukutsiba ngelixa abanye bethetha, nokwenza izinto ngaphandle kokucinga. | Ukuchitha imali ngaphandle kokucinga, ukucaphuka ngokukhawuleza, ukungabi namonde, ukwenza izigqibo ngokungxama. |
Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela indlela ezi mpawu ezitshintsha ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kuquka uxinzelelo , inkxaso yoluntu , kunye neendlela zokufunda ukulawula ezi mpawu.
Enye into kukuba, ngamanye amaxesha " i-ADHD"Abantwana ababonakala ngathi "bayaphucuka" basenokungabi nayo i-ADHD. Oko kukuthi, nangona benokubonisa iimpawu ezifana neze-ADHD, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yesizathu esahlukileyo. Xa umntwana onjalo efunyaniswa ngempazamo ene-ADHD, kwaye ezo mpawu ziyanyamalala njengoko ekhula, banokucinga ukuba, "I-ADHD iye yaphucuka."
Kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni yomntu one-ADHD njengoko ekhula?
Le yingongoma enzima esekwinqanaba lophando. Izazinzulu zibone kwizifundo zokujonga ubuchopho ukuba abantu abane-ADHD babonisa utshintsho oluncinci kwisakhiwo kunye noxinano lwezinye iindawo zobuchopho babo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, uphando lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba nokuba umntu obonakalise iimpawu ze-ADHD esengumntwana uba ngumntu omdala, olo tshintsho lobuchopho luhlala lufana.
Oku kuqinisa ingcamango yokuba i-ADHD ayisiyonto ephelela ebuntwaneni kwaye iphela ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Isekelwe ekusebenzeni kwengqondo .
Kodwa kufuneka uphando oluninzi ukuze kuqondwe oku ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayisiyongxaki edla "ukunyamalala" njengoko abantwana bekhula. Ngokutsho kophando lwamva nje, le meko iyaqhubeka ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile de babe ngabantu abadala kubantu abalithoba kwabalishumi.
- Endaweni yokuba iimpawu ze-ADHD zinyamalale njengoko umntwana ekhula, zinokuba ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukungakhululeki ebuntwaneni kunokuba yinto engapheliyo xa umntu emdala.
- Asinto yokoyika le. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, unyango lokuziphatha, kunye nenkxaso evela kubazali, ootitshala, kunye noluntu, umntwana one-ADHD unokulawula iimpawu zakhe aze aphile ubomi obuphumelelayo nobonwabisayo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye ukhathazekile ngendlela umntwana wakho aziphatha ngayo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho, onolwazi oluphezulu. Uya kukukhokela kwicala elifanelekileyo.
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