Indawo yokugcina inkumbulo yakho: Konke malunga ne-hippocampus!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba sizikhumbula njani izinto, sifunde izinto ezintsha, size sifumane indlela yethu? Konke oku kuncedwa yinxalenye encinci, kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yengqondo yethu. Elo candelo libizwa ngokuba yi-hippocampus . Eli gama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, kodwa umsebenzi eliwenzayo ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu mkhulu kwaye uxabiseke kakhulu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale hippocampus imangalisayo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene kwi-hippocampus?

Ngamafutshane, i-hippocampus ngumdlali obalulekileyo ekufundeni nasekukhumbuleni kwethu. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ezenzayo:

• Ukufunda: Xa ufunda into entsha, ulwazi luqala luye kwi-hippocampus. Lilungu lengqondo eliyicubungulayo, eliyiqondayo, kwaye linceda ukuyithumela kwezinye iindawo zengqondo yethu.
• Inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane kunye nenkumbulo yexesha elide: Khawuthelekelele udibana nomhlobo omtsha. Ukhumbula igama lakhe nento ayithethileyo ngexesha elifutshane ngenxa yenkumbulo yexesha elifutshane yehippocampus. Emva koko, ihippocampus ithatha le nkumbulo, igqibe kwelokuba, "Kulungile, oku kubalulekile," ize iyigcine kwezinye iindawo ezifanelekileyo engqondweni yethu njengenkumbulo yexesha elide . Kufana nokuthatha ileta uyifake ukuba ibalulekile.
• Inkumbulo yokubona-indawo: Oku kukunceda ukhumbule apho ivenkile ikhoyo, indlela yokufika ekhaya, kunye nendlela izinto ezicwangciswe ngayo kwigumbi xa uhamba esitalatweni. Kukwakukhumbuza indlela onxulumana ngayo nezinto ezikungqongileyo.
• Inkumbulo yomlomo: I-hippocampus yiyo esinceda sikhumbule amagama esiwadingayo xa sithetha, ngaphandle kokuzibuza, "Owu, lithini elo gama?"
• Inkumbulo echazayo okanye ecacileyo: Ukhumbula izinto ezifana neziganeko ebomini bakho, izifundo ozifundileyo, kunye neenyaniso ngoncedo lwe-hippocampus.

I-hippocampus isebenza njani nezinye iindawo zobuchopho?

I-hippocampus ayisebenzi yodwa. Iyinxalenye yeqela leenxalenye zobuchopho bethu ezibizwa ngokuba yiLimbic System . Eli qela lilawula iimvakalelo zethu, iinkumbulo, izivamvo zokuvumba, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezizimeleyo esingaziqondiyo ukuba sinazo, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo yethu, ukuphefumla, kunye nokubila.

I-hippocampus isebenza ngokusondeleyo nabahlobo bayo kwi-limbic system , i-amygdala kunye ne-hypothalamus . Ingakumbi kwi-amygdala apho iimvakalelo zidityaniswa khona neenkumbulo.

Khawuthelekelele oku. Uhamba esitratweni uze ubone inja entle kakhulu, ethandeka. Itshixiza umsila wayo, ize kuwe, ize ikukhotha isandla. Uziva wonwabile kakhulu kwaye unothando. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba i-hippocampus yakho kunye ne-amygdala yakho zisebenzisana ukudibanisa la mava - inja, uvakalelo lolonwabo owaluvayo - kwaye zigcine zonke ndawonye njengenkumbulo engqondweni yakho. Ngexesha elizayo xa ubona inja, loo nkumbulo indala iyavela, kwaye ungajonga eso silwanyana ngaphandle koloyiko, ngovuyo.

Kodwa, khawucinge ukuba inja yokuqala owayibonayo ikhonkothile kuwe yaza yazama ukutsibela kuwe, waza waziva usoyika. Nangona kunjalo, ihippocampus kunye nabanye abahlobo bayo bayadibana kwaye bagcina loo nkumbulo yoyikekayo. Ngexesha elizayo xa ubona inja, ikukhumbuza, "Kunokubakho ingozi! Lumka!" Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'fight-or-fly response' . Oko kukuthi, ihippocampus isinceda sikhumbule izinto ezilungileyo kunye nezinto eziyingozi.

Iphi ihippocampus? Ijongeka njani?

Kukho iihippocampi ezimbini ngaphakathi kweentloko zethu, ecaleni kweendlebe zethu, kwi-temporal lobe. Ewe, hayi enye, kodwa zimbini! Enye kwicala lasekhohlo lobuchopho, enye ngasekunene.

Ngokwembonakalo, i-hippocampus ifana nehashe lolwandle . Inesimo esincinci, esigobileyo njengonobumba u-'S'. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-'hippocampus', elivela kwigama lesiGrike lakudala elithi "ihashe lolwandle." Limalunga neesentimitha ezi-5 ubude, kwaye lenziwe ziiseli ezininzi ezibekwe phezu kwenye.

Yintoni iHippocampal Formation?

I-hippocampus ayiyodwa, zininzi nezinye iindawo ezincinci ezincedayo. Xa sisonke, sizibiza ngokuba yi-'Hippocampal Formation' . Nazi ezinye zeendawo zayo eziphambili kunye nemisebenzi yazo:

• I-Dentate gyrus: Le yinxalenye ephatha iinkumbulo zendawo, isinceda sakhe iinkumbulo ezintsha, kwaye isinceda senze izigqibo.
• I-Hippocampus eyiyo (i-Cornu Ammonis): Le yinxalenye ephambili ye-hippocampus. Inoxanduva lokwenza, ukuhlela, nokugcina iinkumbulo. Ikwanazo nezinye iingingqi ezine , i-CA1, i-CA2, i-CA3, kunye ne-CA4, ukuyinceda.
• I-Subiculum: Oku kuthatha ulwazi oluvela kwi-hippocampus kwaye kuthumele imiyalezo kwezinye iindawo zengqondo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunceda ekufumaneni nasekusebenziseni iinkumbulo.
• I-Entorhinal cortex: Le ifana nesango eliphambili lolwazi oluya nokubuya kwi-hippocampus. Ulwazi lungena luze luphume kwi-hippocampus ngale ndlela.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-hippocampus yonakele?

Khawucinge ukuba bekuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-hippocampus, eyenza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka, ibinokufumana ingozi, ukugula, okanye omnye umonakalo engqondweni? Emva koko iinkqubo esithethe ngazo ngaphambili, ezinje ngokwenza iinkumbulo, ukukhumbula izinto, kunye nokucubungula amagama, imihla, iindawo, kunye neziganeko, zinokuphazamiseka kakhulu.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ezinokonakalisa i-hippocampus:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Ukungakwazi ukukhumbula (ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo)
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• I-Encephalitis (ukudumba kwengqondo)
• Isifo sokuwa
• I-Hypoxia (oku kukungabikho kombane weoksijini engqondweni)
• Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD)
I-Schizophrenia

Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa njengoko sikhula , ubungakanani kunye nomsebenzi we-hippocampus nazo ziyehla kancinci. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Ngoko ke njengoko sikhula, inkumbulo yethu isenokuba buthathaka kancinci, kwaye sisenokungakwazi ukukhumbula izinto ngokukhawuleza njengoko besiqhele ukwenza.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki ezinxulumene ne-hippocampus?

Umntu onengxaki ye-hippocampus angabonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto, ingakumbi ezintsha.
• Utshintsho kwindlela ovakalelwa ngayo: Usenokuziva uxhalabile, ulusizi, okanye unomsindo rhoqo.
• Ukuxhuzula : Kwezinye iimeko, le meko inokwenzeka.

Kwakhona, ezi zinto zingabangela iingxaki:

• Ubunzima bokuqhuba incoko ngendlela efanelekileyo.
• Ubunzima bokwenza izigqibo.
• Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo.
• Ukungakwazi ukufumana indlela yakho nokuba usezindaweni eziqhelekileyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yokuba izinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ezifana nezitshixo kunye nezibuko zikuphi.
• Andikhumbuli mpendulo yombuzo endawubuza kudala.
• Ukungakwazi ukwenza iinkumbulo ezintsha.

Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo. Uninzi lwexesha, xa i-hippocampus yonakele, ichaphazela kakhulu inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane . Inkumbulo yethu yexesha elide ayigcinwa kwi-hippocampus, kodwa igcinwa kwezinye iindawo zengqondo. Yiyo loo nto abanye abantu abaneengxaki ezifana nesifo sika- Alzheimer , osibonileyo, banokukhumbula izinto ezenzeke kudala, iziganeko zasebuntwaneni babo, kodwa abakwazi ukukhumbula igama lomntu abadibene naye kwixesha elifutshane elidlulileyo okanye into abayityileyo kwisidlo sakusasa.

Uyazi njani ukuba i-hippocampus yakho yonakele?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungaphakuzeli uye kubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kukuxilonga aze enze izinto ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological
• Uvavanyo lwengqondo
• Iskeni seMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• I-Positron Emission Tomography (i-PET scan)
• Iskeni ye-computerized tomography (CT)

Ugqirha usenokugqiba ekubeni enze olunye uvavanyo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba azikho ezinye iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-hippocampus?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika unyango olusekelwe kwisizathu seempawu zakho kunye nokungonwabi okufumanayo. Ayingabo bonke abantu abaya kufumana unyango olufanayo. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza: Lawula iimpawu okanye unyange unobangela wesifo.
• Unyango lwengqondo: Unyango lwengqondo , ingakumbi unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT), lunokunceda kwiingxaki zenkumbulo kunye nokuziphatha.
• Ukuzilolonga kwengqondo okanye ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo: Imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enceda ukuphucula izinto ezifana nenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo.

Ugqirha uza kuxoxa nawe ngonyango olungcono kakhulu kwimeko yakho.

Ndingayomeleza njani i-hippocampus yam?

I-hippocampus yinxalenye yesakhiwo esikhulu engqondweni yethu. Ngoko ke, ukugcina impilo yethu iyonke ikwimeko entle yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina ingqondo yethu isempilweni. Ungayikhusela ingqondo yakho kwaye uqinise i-hippocampus ngokwenza ezi zinto:

• Gcina ezinye izifo zakho (umz. isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) zilawuleka kakuhle.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo nokulinganiselayo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Ukuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nako kulungile.
• Nciphisa uxinezeleko kangangoko unako kwaye ufumane iindlela zokululawula.
• Lala kakuhle ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-7-8 ngosuku.
• Soloko ufunda izinto ezintsha. Ingaba yinto yonke, njengolwimi olutsha, isixhobo somculo, okanye isifundo esitsha. Oku kugcina ingqondo isebenza.

Kwakhona, ungenza ezi zinto ukuphucula impilo yengqondo yakho ngakumbi:

• Ukuthetha nabanye, ukuchitha ixesha nabahlobo (ukuba nobuhlobo nabanye).
• Ukuqala umdlalo omtsha okanye ukuvuselela omdala.
• Ukufunda iincwadi.
• Ukumamela iingoma, ukumamela umculo.

Ugqirha wakho angajonga impilo yakho iyonke aze akunike iingcebiso ezilungileyo zokuphucula impilo yengqondo yakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule kukuba

Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi uyaqonda ngoku ukuba i-hippocampus yinxalenye encinci kodwa enamandla kakhulu kwaye ibalulekile yobuchopho bethu. Isinceda sifunde, sikhumbule izinto, kwaye sizivumelanise nendawo esikuyo. Isebenza rhoqo ukuze ifunde kwaye iphendule kwindawo esikuyo. Ngenxa yoku, i-hippocampus inokonakala ngakumbi sisifo okanye ingozi ethile.

Ukuhlala wedwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu kumntu onesifo esichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-hippocampus. Basenokulibala ukusela amayeza abo, balibale ukwenza imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla, balibale ukucima isitovu xa bephuma endlwini, okanye balahleke xa beqhuba. Ezi zinto zinokuba yingozi kuwe nakwabanye. Ke ngoko, kukho amaxesha apho umntu onesifo esichaphazela le nxalenye yengqondo anokufuna umntu oza kumnyamekela iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.

Ukuba ungumnakekeli womntu oneengxaki zokukhumbula ezinje, ungaziva ngathi uthatha uxanduva olukhulu. Kunokuba nzima ukuba nomntu omthandayo ongamaziyo okanye ongakhumbuliyo ukuba kutheni ufuna uncedo. Ukuba ufuna uncedo ngempilo yakho yengqondo, okanye ukuba ufuna uncedo lokunyamekela umntu omthandayo oneengxaki zokukhumbula, musa ukuba neentloni okanye ukoyika ukuthetha nogqirha okanye umntu omthembayo. Awuwedwa.

Ngoko ke, i-hippocampus yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu ebomini bethu. Masizame sonke ukuyigcina isempilweni.

IHippocampus , ubuchopho, inkumbulo, ukufunda, inkqubo ye-limbic, isifo se-Alzheimer, i-neuroscience