Ngaba wakha wajonga ingxelo yakho yegazi, oko kukuthi, iFull Blood Count (FBC), waza wabona igama elithi 'Lymphocytes'? Mhlawumbi yayiboniswa ngotolo olubonisa ukuba ixabiso laliphezulu okanye liphantsi kunesiqhelo. Ngoko ke, ukubona oku kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kancinci. Zithini ezi lymphocytes? Kutheni zibaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu? Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula necacileyo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi lymphocytes?
Iilymphocytes luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini lakho. Cinga ngemizimba yethu njengelizwe. Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ngumkhosi welo lizwe. Iilymphocytes ngamajoni aqeqeshwe ngokukodwa, abaluleke kakhulu kweli butho. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukulwa neentshaba ezingena emizimbeni yethu, ezinje ngeentsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye neebhaktheriya, kwaye zisikhusele kwizifo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zala majoni e-lymphocyte .
- Ii-T lymphocytes (ii-T cells): Ezi zifana neenkokheli zomkhosi. Zilawula indlela amajoni omzimba asabela ngayo, kwaye zikwafuna kwaye zitshabalalise ngokuthe ngqo iiseli ezineentsholongwane kunye neeseli zomhlaza ezingene emzimbeni.
- Ii-B lymphocytes (iiseli ze-B): Ezi ngabavelisi bezixhobo zomkhosi. Zenza iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies . Ezi antibodies zifana nee-homing missiles. Zinamathela kwiintshaba, ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya, ezingene emzimbeni kwaye zizenze zingasebenzi.
Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa zii-lymphocytes emzimbeni?
Umsebenzi ophambili wee-lymphocytes kukukhusela imizimba yethu. Zilwa nezinto zangaphandle, okanye ii-antigens , ezingena emzimbeni. Ezi ntshaba ziquka iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, kwaneeseli zomhlaza.
Kodwa, okumangalisayo nangakumbi kukuba, ii-lymphocytes zinenkumbulo entle kakhulu . Azilibali utshaba ezakha zadibana nalo. Khawuthelekelele, wawune-chickenpox usengumntwana. Ngelo xesha, ii-lymphocytes zakho zalwa ne- chickenpox virus kwaye zazikhumbula ulwazi ngayo. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-cells eziphethe ezi cells zememori . Emva koko, ukuba i-chickenpox virus efanayo izama ukungena emzimbeni wakho ngenye imini, ezo cells zememori ziyayiqonda ngokukhawuleza, zilumkise umkhosi ukuba utshaba oludala lubuyile, kwaye zivelise ngokukhawuleza ii-antibodies ezifunekayo ukuze zitshabalalise.
Isizathu sokuba wakuba ufumene isifo esifana ne-chickenpox okanye i-measles, ungaphindi usifumane kungenxa yenkumbulo enkulu yala ma-lymphocyte. Ii-vaccine esizifumanayo zokuzikhusela kwizifo zisebenza ngolu hlobo lunye. Oko kwenziwa yi-vaccine kukunika umzimba intsholongwane ebuthathaka nokuqeqesha ama-lymphocyte ethu ukuba aqaphele olo tshaba.
Iiseli ze-T kunye neeseli ze-B zisebenza njani kunye?
Ezi T cells kunye nee B cells zifana nabantu ababini abasebenza kwiqela elinye, kodwa beneembopheleleko ezahlukeneyo. Ziyancedana ukulwa notshaba.
Iiseli ze-T - Abalawuli kunye neMikhosi ekhethekileyo yomkhosi wethu!
Umsebenzi ophambili wee-T cells kukutshabalalisa iiseli ezisulelekileyo nokulawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-T cells:
- Iiseli ze -T ezinetyhefu: Ezi zii-T cells ezikhethekileyo zomkhosi. Ziya ngqo kwiiseli ezinentsholongwane okanye zomhlaza, zinamathele kuzo, zitshabalalise i-membrane yeseli, kwaye zithumele ii-enzymes ngaphakathi ukuze zibulale iseli.
- Ii-T cells ezincedisayo: Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi zinceda ezinye iiseli zomzimba ezikhusela umzimba. Ezinye ii-T cells ezincedisayo zinika iiseli ze-B uphawu, "Nanku utshaba, zenze ii-antibodies ngokukhawuleza." Ezinye zinceda ukuvuselela ii-T cells ezibulalayo.
- Iiseli ze -T ezilawulayo : La ngamadoda aziyo ukuba makayeke nini ukulwa. Xa umlo uphelile, avelisa izinto ezithintela impendulo yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ukuba azenzi njalo, umkhosi wethu ungahlasela iiseli zethu ezilungileyo.
Iiseli ze-B - abavelisi bezixhobo!
Umsebenzi ophambili wee-B cells kukwenza izixhobo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies. Zinokwenza ii-antibodies ezithile ezikhethekileyo kutshaba ngalunye. Zimbini iindlela ii-B cells ezisabela ngazo:
- Impendulo ephambili yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Xa i-antigen ifunyanwa okokuqala, ii-B cells ziyavuselelwa. Ezinye ii-B cells ziba zii-memory cells. Ezinye ii-B cells ziba zii-plasma cells kwaye ziqala ukwenza ii-antibodies ezithile kuloo antigen. Le nkqubo ingathatha iintsuku ezininzi.
- Impendulo yesibini yomzimba: Ukuba utshaba olufanayo lubuyela emzimbeni ngenye imini, iiseli zememori ezazisele zenziwe ngaphambili ziyaluqonda ngokukhawuleza. Emva koko ziyahlukana ngokukhawuleza, zibe ziiseli zeplasma, kwaye ngokukhawuleza zivelise inani elikhulu lee-antibodies ezifanayo nolo tshaba.
Indlela yokuqonda ixabiso le-lymphocyte kwingxelo yegazi?
EyakhoInani lee-lymphocytes egazini linokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka, isini, ummandla ohlala kuwo, kunye nendlela yokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, kukho uluhlu lwamaxabiso olwamkelekileyo ngokubanzi.
| Iqela leminyaka | Uluhlu oluQhelekileyo lweLymphocyte (nge-microliter nganye yegazi) |
|---|---|
| Abantu abadala | Phakathi kweeseli ezili-1,000 kunye nezingama-4,800 |
| Abantwana | Phakathi kwama-3,000 kunye nama-9,500 eeseli |
Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-lymphocytes zenza phakathi kwe -20% kunye ne-40% yeeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukwanda kwee-lymphocytes? (I-Lymphocytosis)
Xa inani lee-lymphocytes egazini liphezulu kunesiqhelo, ngokwezonyango silibiza ngokuba yi-lymphocytosis . Musa ukoyika xa ubona oku. Uninzi lwexesha, ukwanda kwenani lee-lymphocytes luphawu oluhle lokuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba ilwa nosulelo emzimbeni wakho.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi zinokubangela ukwanda kwee-lymphocytes.
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane olufana ne-hepatitis
- I-Syphilis
- I-Mononucleosis
- Isifo sephepha
- I-HIV kunye ne-AIDS
- I-Hypothyroidism
- Izifo ezifana nokukhwehlela
- Umhlaza wegazi ofana ne-lymphoma okanye i-leukemia
Kuthetha ukuthini ukwehla kwee-lymphocytes? (Lymphocytopenia)
Xa inani lee-lymphocytes egazini liphantsi kunesiqhelo, silibiza ngokuba yi-lymphocytopenia . Le meko inokubangelwa nalusulelo oluncinci njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Kwakhona, inani lee-lymphocytes linokwehla ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezinzulu.
- I-HIV okanye i-AIDS
- Isifo sephepha okanye umkhuhlane wetyphoid
- I-hepatitis yentsholongwane
- Izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni ezifana ne-lupus
- I-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy yomhlaza
- Iimeko zemfuza ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, ezizalwa nazo
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezibangelwa kukutshintsha kwamanqanaba e-lymphocyte?
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha kukuba ukwanda okanye ukuncipha kwenani lee-lymphocytes akuzibangeli zimpawu ngokwazo . Uba neempawu ngenxa yesizathu esiphambili sokutshintsha kwenani lee-lymphocytes. Umzekelo, ukuba inani lakho lee-lymphocyte litshintshile ngenxa yomhlaza okanye usulelo olunzima, unokubonisa iimpawu ezinxulumene neso sifo.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo esisisiseko |
|---|
| Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo (ukudumba entanyeni, emakhwapheni, emqolo) |
| Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku |
| Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu |
| Intlungu yesisu okanye ukudumba |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iilymphocytes liqela lamajoni abaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho akukhusela kwizifo.
- Ukuba inani le-lymphocyte yakho kwingxelo yegazi lakho liphezulu okanye liphantsi kunesiqhelo, oko kunokuba luphawu lokuba umzimba wakho ulwa nosulelo.
- Musa ukoyika okanye ugqibe kwelokuba unesifo esisekelwe kwixabiso elinye kuphela kwingxelo yegazi.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubonisa ugqirha wakho iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo. Ugqirha uza kuqwalasela ezinye izinto ezikwingxelo yakho, iimpawu zakho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke ngaphambi kokuba akunike icebiso elilungileyo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 🧐 Zithini ezi lymphocytes?
Ii-lymphocytes luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngamafutshane, la 'ngamajoni' akhusela imizimba yethu kwizifo. Ngawo aqinisa amajoni ethu omzimba ngokulwa neentsholongwane zasemzini ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya.
💬 🛡️ Kutheni la ma-lymphocyte ebizwa ngokuba 'ngamajoni'?
Kuba ezi seli zinokubona naziphi na iintsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu zize zilwe nazo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezi lymphocytes (ii-T cells kunye nee-B cells). Zisebenza njengomkhosi kwaye zikhusela imizimba yethu ekuguleni, yiyo loo nto sizibiza ngokuba 'ngamajoni' kweli nqaku.
💬 🩸 Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba inqanaba lee-lymphocytes kuvavanyo lwegazi liyatshintsha?
Ngokubanzi, ukuba inqanaba lee-lymphocytes kuvavanyo lwegazi (iFull Blood Count) linyukile, oko kuthetha ukuba la majoni alwa nosulelo oluthile emzimbeni wakho. Kwakhona, ukuba eli nqanaba liphantsi kakhulu, amasosha akho omzimba asenokuba buthathaka kancinci. Ngoko qhubeka ufunda inqaku lethu ukuze wazi kakuhle ngale nto.
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