Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ezi zinto zenzeka njani ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho xa uziva wonwabile, ulusizi, okanye ushukumisa ingalo okanye umlenze? Emva kwako konke oku kukho iqela elincinci kodwa elinamandla kakhulu lezithunywa zeekhemikhali. Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters kwezonyango. Ngamafutshane, ezi zifana nabaphathi beposi bomzimba wethu. Zithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke, kwaye ngabo ababuyisela imiyalezo esuka emzimbeni iye engqondweni. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezi zithunywa zimangalisayo.
Zithini kanye kanye ezi neurotransmitters?
Khawuthelekelele umzimba wakho njengesixeko esikhulu. Imiyalezo kufuneka ithunyelwe ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye kwesi sixeko, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo yinethiwekhi yemiyalezo esasazeke kuwo wonke umzimba. Iiseli zemithambo-luvo kule nethiwekhi ziyathetha, zithumela imiyalezo, ngeekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters.
Ngamafutshane, i-neurotransmitter sisithunywa sekhemikhali esithwala umyalezo ukusuka kwiseli enye yemithambo-luvo ukuya kwenye, okanye ukusuka kwiseli yemisipha ukuya kwiseli ye-gland.
Ezi zithunywa zincinci zibalulekile ekulawuleni yonke into, ukusuka kwizinto ezizenzekelayo njengokuphefumla kwakho kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo , ukuya kwizinto ozicingayo, iimvakalelo ozivakalelwayo, inkumbulo yakho, kwanendlela oshukumisa ngayo amalungu akho omzimba.
Ngaphandle kwabo, imizimba yethu ifana nesixeko esingenankonzo yefowuni. Akukho kulungelelaniswa.
Ezi zithunywa zigcinwa kwiingxowa ezincinci ekupheleni kweseli yemithambo-luvo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-axon terminal . Ezi ngxowa zibizwa ngokuba zii-synaptic vesicles . Ingxowa nganye inokuqulatha amawaka ezi zithunywa.
Ziziphi izithunywa eziphambili emizimbeni yethu?
Izazinzulu ngoku zichonge iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama- 60 zee-neurotransmitters. Sidla ngokuthetha ngezimbalwa zazo. Ngayinye yazo inomsebenzi othile. Ezinye zisebenza kunye, ngelixa ezinye zisebenza ngokuchaseneyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo.
| I-Neurotransmitter | Umsebenzi ophambili | Kuthekani ukuba ulahlekelwa yibhalansi? |
|---|---|---|
| I-Acetylcholine (i-Acetylcholine - Ach) | Inceda ekushukumiseni izihlunu zethu. Yiyo efaka iingcinga zethu esenzweni. Ikwabalulekile ekukhumbuleni nasekufundeni. | Kufunyaniswe ukuba abantu abane-Alzheimer's banamanqanaba aphantsi ale ngxaki, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba inkumbulo yabo ingasebenzi kakuhle. |
| I-Dopamine (i-Dopamine - i-DA) | Ikwabizwa ngokuba "yikhemikhali yolonwabo." Iveliswa xa sitya ukutya okumnandi okanye senza into esenza sonwabe. Yiyo esikhuthazayo ukuba senze into ethile. | Amanqanaba e-dopamine ayancipha kwisifo sikaParkinson, kwaye ukungalingani kunokubonwa kwezinye izifo zengqondo. |
| I-Serotonin (5HT) | Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "chemical yokuzola." Ilawula indlela esivakalelwa ngayo, ubuthongo, kunye nomdla wokutya. | Amanqanaba aphantsi anokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezifana nokudakumba kunye nokuxhalaba. |
| I-Norepinephrine | Ikwasebenza njengehomoni. Inceda ekuphenduleni uxinzelelo kwaye ihlale iphaphile. Kubalulekile kwimpendulo ethi "Ukulwa okanye Ukubaleka". | Inxulunyaniswa neemeko ezifana noxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba. Ingachaphazela noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
| I-Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) | Eyona nto iyenzayo kukulawula nokuzolisa umsebenzi wengqondo, njengeebhuleki zemoto. | Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunokubangela iimeko ezifana nokuxhalaba, ukungalali kakuhle, kunye nokuxhuzula. |
| I-Glutamate (i-Glutamate - i-GLU) | Isithunywa esiphambili "esivuselelayo" ingqondo. Sivuselela iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Sibalulekile kwinkumbulo nokufunda. | Ukuba oku kuyanda kakhulu, kunokonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo. Oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezifana nestroke. |
Ngaba kukho abanye abathunywa ababalulekileyo?
Ewe, zininzi nezinye. Njenge -Oxytocin kunye neVasopressin, zinxulunyaniswa neemvakalelo zothando kunye nokunamathela. Kwaye iihomoni ezifana ne -Estrogen kunye ne-Testosterone ngamanye amaxesha zisebenza njengee-neurotransmitters.
Basebenza njani aba bathunywa?
Aba bantu banokwahlulwa babe ngamaqela amathathu aphambili ngokweendima zabo.
- Ukuvuselela: Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi zivuselela iseli yemithambo-luvo kwaye ziyixelele ukuba "Kulungile, thumela umyalezo phambili!" Njenge-accelerator emotweni. I-Glutamate ngumzekelo omhle.
- Okuthintelayo: Ezi zenza okwahlukileyo koko. Ziyawuthintela umyalezo ukuba ungaqhubeki phambili. Kufana nokutsiba iibhuleki uthi, "Kulungile, yeka ngoku!" UGABA sisigidimi esiyintloko esithintelayo.
- I-Modulatory: Ezi zintsonkothile ngakumbi. Zichaphazela iqela leeseli zemithambo-luvo ngaxeshanye. Njengomphathi, zinokutshintsha iipatheni zonxibelelwano zeqela lonke. I-Dopamine kunye ne-Serotonin ziwela kolu didi.
Ngaba zikho iimpazamo kule nkqubo?
Ngokuqinisekileyo kunokwenzeka. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba le nkqubo ibuthathaka ingalingani .
- Ukuveliswa okanye ukukhululwa ngokugqithisileyo kwee-neurotransmitters ezithile.
- Ezinye ziveliswa okanye zikhutshwa ngobuninzi obungaphantsi kunoko kufunekayo .
- Ii -receptors ezikwiseli ezifumana umyalezo azisebenzi kakuhle.
- Emva kokuba umyalezo uthunyelwe, uphinda ufunxwe ngokukhawuleza (uphinde ufunxwe) . Emva koko umyalezo awunalo ixesha lokuwugqiba ngokufanelekileyo.
- Ukusebenza kwezi zinto kunokutshintsha ngenxa yezifo ezithile kunye namayeza esiwasebenzisayo.
Ukungalingani okunjalo kunokukhokelela kwizifo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo,
Kwisifo sika-Alzheimer, amanqanaba aphantsi e-acetylcholine achaphazela inkumbulo. Kwisifo sokudakumba, amanqanaba aphantsi e-serotonin ayabonakala. Kwisifo sikaParkinson, iiseli ezivelisa i-dopamine zonakele.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uneemvakalelo ezitshintshatshintshayo ixesha elide, iingxaki zenkumbulo, iingxaki zokulala, okanye ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo. Angafumanisa unobangela wezi meko aze akuthumelele unyango olufanelekileyo, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-neurotransmitters zizithunywa ezibalulekileyo zeekhemikhali kwingqondo yethu nakwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo.
- Iimvakalelo zethu, iingcinga, iintshukumo, ukulala, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo konke kulawulwa bukulinganisela okuthambileyo kwezi zinto.
- Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezithunywa, ezifana ne-dopamine (ulonwabo) kunye ne-serotonin (ukuzola), zenzelwe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
- Ukungalingani kwezi zithunywa kunokunxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo, ezinje ngokudakumba kunye nesifo sikaParkinson.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yakho yengqondo okanye yomzimba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo. Kuphephe ukuzixilonga nonyango.
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