Ukuhlolwa kokuqala komntwana wakho ngugqirha (Utyelelo lomntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa): Masithethe ngale nto!

Siyavuyisana nawe nosapho lwakho! Uvuyo oluvayo xa umntwana omncinci efika kweli hlabathi alunakuchazwa ngamazwi. Ngoko ke, emva nje kokuba umntwana ezelwe, uza kuhlolwa ngugqirha wakhe okokuqala esibhedlele. Le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngeli xesha kunye nento omele uyilindele.

Kwenzeka ntoni esibhedlele?

Esibhedlele, ugqirha kunye nomongikazi baza kusebenzisana ukunyamekela umntwana wakho. Akukho nto inokubangela ukuba ukhathazeke ngayo, konke oku kwenzelwa impilo yomntwana.

Indlela Yokujonga Ukukhula Komntwana

Okokuqala, balinganisa ubunzima bomntwana wakho, ubude bakhe, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe . Emva koko babhala ezi zilinganiso kwi "tshati yokukhula." Le yindlela abaqonda ngayo ukuba umntwana ukhula kakuhle.

Imibuzo Elungiselelwe Wena, Ingcebiso Elungiselelwe Wena

Okulandelayo, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga nendlela yokunyamekela umntwana wakho. Eli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthetha nabo ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Baza kukunika iingcebiso ezixabisekileyo.

Ukondla

• Ukuncancisa : Bathi ubisi lwebele lolona sondlo lufanelekileyo kumntwana . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuncancisa ngamanye amaxesha kunzima, ubisi lwefomula lungasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngesondlo esifunekayo kumntwana wakho. Iintsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa kufuneka zondliwe xa zilambile. Oku kuthetha ukuba rhoqo emva kweyure e-1 ukuya kwe-3 . Ugqirha okanye umongikazi mhlawumbi uya kukujonga ukondla aze akuncede ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki.
• Ukondla ngefomyula: Usana olunceliswa ngefomyula luza kusela malunga ne-1-1½ ounces (30-45 milliliters) ngexesha.
• Ukondla ithole: Ungalibali ukondla ithole kuphela xa lizele isiqingatha okanye lizele ngokupheleleyo emva kokulitya. Njengoko ithole likhula, ubungakanani bobisi elibuselayo buyanda, ngoko ke inani lokulitya ngosuku liyancipha.

Indlela yokuchama nokuphuma endle

• Ubungakanani bokuchama : Usana oluncancisayo luza kuchama kanye okanye kabini ngemini de ubisi lukanina lungene kakuhle. Kwiintsuku ezi-3-5, umntwana ngamnye kufuneka abe sele enama-diapers amanzi amalunga nama-6 ngemini .
• Indlela yokungcolisa: Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zingangcolisa kanye ngemini kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, indle yazo iba mnyama mnyama ize ihlale ixesha elide . Emva kweentsuku ezi-3-4, iba yimfumba kwaye ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka . Iintsana ezincanciswayo zihlala zingcolisa amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, ngelixa iintsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebele zingangcolisi rhoqo. Oku kuqhelekile.Musa ukoyika, kulungile?

Ukulala

Usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunokulala malunga neeyure ezili-14-17 kwiiyure ezingama-24 . Nangona kunjalo, luvuka rhoqo (emini nasebusuku) ukuze luncancise.

• Iintsana ezincanciswayo zidla ngokuvuka ukuze zincancise rhoqo emva kweyure eyi-1-3 .
• Iintsana ezincanciswa ubisi lwebele zidla ngokulala ixesha elide, zivuka rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-2-4 (ubisi lwebele luthatha ixesha elide ukwetyisa, ukuze umntwana azive ehluthi).
• De injana ityebe ngokufanelekileyo, oko kukuthi iiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa, musa ukuyivumela ukuba ilale iiyure ezingaphezu kwezine phakathi kokuyitya. Emva koko, kulungile ukuba injana ilale ixesha elide.

Uphuhliso lomntwana

Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kufuneka zenze ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Bajonga ngononophelo ubuso nezinto ezikhanyisiweyo ezimalunga neesentimitha eziyi-8-12 (iisentimitha ezingama-20-30) ukusuka apho.
• Uphendula kwizandi – usenokujika angaliva ilizwi likamama okanye likatata, ahlale buthule, aqhwanyaze , ashukume, okanye akhale.
• Iingalo nemilenze zigcinwa zigobile .
• Ezi mpendulo zangaphakathi (`i-newborn reflexes`) zifanele zibe zilungile:
• Ukuhluma kweengcambu kunye nokumunca : Xa into ibekwe kufutshane nemilebe, umntwana ujika intloko yakhe aye kwelo cala aze aqale ukumunca ubisi.
• I-Grasp reflex: Ukuba ufaka umnwe esandleni sakho, uza kuwubamba kakuhle.
• Indlela uFencer ami ngayo: Xa intloko ijikwa ibe cala elinye, ingalo ekwelo cala iyalulwa kwaye ingalo ekwelinye icala iyagoba.
• I-Moro reflex (impendulo yokothuka): Ukuba wothuka ngequbuliso, iingalo nemilenze ziyaphoswa ngaphandle zize zibuyiselwe ngaphakathi.

Uvavanyo Lomzimba Opheleleyo

Phambi kwakho, umntwana uza kukhunyulwa impahla aze ahlolwe umzimba wonke . Oku kuya kuquka ukujonga amehlo omntwana, ukumamela intliziyo yomntwana, ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukujonga i-umbilical cord, kunye nokujonga umqolo womntwana, amanqe akhe, kunye nemilenze yakhe.

Uvavanyo oluthile lokuhlola

Kukwakho novavanyo olukhethekileyo oluninzi (`uvavanyo lokuhlola`) oluye lwenziwa ukujonga izifo ezithile ezinokuba yingozi kumntwana.

• Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokuthatha ithontsi elincinci legazi esithendeni senjana .
• Kwakhona, ngaphambi kokuba umntwana aphume esibhedlele, kuvavanywa ukuva (`uvavanyo lokuva`) kwaye kuhlolwe amanqanaba eoksijini .

Izitofu Zokuqala

Umntwana wakho ufanele afumane ugonyo lwakhe lokuqala esibhedlele. Olu gonyo lukhusela iintsana kwizifo ezinzulu zobuntwana.Kubalulekile ukufumana izitofu zakho ngexesha. Iishedyuli zezitofu zinokwahluka kancinci, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye.

Khumbula Ezi Zinto Kude Kube Luvavanyo Olulandelayo

Zinyamekele ezi zinto de kube luvavanyo lwakho olulandelayo, oluza kwenzeka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo.

Malunga neendlela zokutya

KwaboMama Abancancisayo

• Nceda umntwana wakho abambe kakuhle : Vula umlomo wakho ngokubanzi, ubeke ulwimi lwakho phantsi kwawo, uze ufake ibele lakho elininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka emlonyeni wakho.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iibhotile okanye izinto zokuthambisa umntwana de umntwana wakho aqhelane kakuhle nokuncancisa.
• Ncancisa umntwana wakho nanini na elambile .
• Nika ingqalelo kwiimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntwana wakho uzele (umz., ukutsala ibele, ukugquma umlomo wakhe).
• Sela i-vitamin yakho yokukhulelwa okanye i-multivitamin yonke imihla.

KwaboMama Abondla Iintsana Ngefomula

• Nika umntwana wakho ubisi oluqiniswe ngesinyithi .
• Landela imiyalelo ekwipakethi yefomula xa usenza kwaye ugcina iibhotile.
• Musa ukongeza amanzi angaphezulu kwifomyula yomntwana wakho.
• Musa ukubamba iibhotile okanye ulalise umntwana wakho ibhotile emlonyeni wakhe.
• Nika umntwana wakho ibhotile yobisi nanini na elambile .
• Nika ingqalelo kwiimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntwana wakho uzele (umz., ukurhoxa ebhotileni, ukugquma umlomo wakhe).

Indlela yokunyamekela umntwana wakho yonke imihla (Ukhathalelo Lomntwana Lwemihla ngemihla)

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle phambi kokuba uphathe umntwana. Gcina umntwana kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Bamba umntwana, unakekele iimfuno zakhe. Awunakumlimaza umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa.
• Beka i-napkin phantsi kwe-umbilical cord ukuze yome. I-umbilical cord idla ngokuwa emva kweentsuku ezili-10-14.
• Faka ijeli encinci yepetroleum kwi-penis okanye ngaphambili kwi- penis yamakhwenkwe alukileyo .
• Umntwana oyintombazana usenokuba nokukhupha igazi eliphuma kwilungu lobufazi ngeveki yokuqala yobomi bakhe . Oku akunanto yakwenza nokukhathazeka.
• Gcina umzimba umanzi ('iibhafu zesiponji') de intambo yomlomo iwe, kwaye kwimeko yenkwenkwe, indawo yokwaluswa iphole. Vavanya amanzi ngokubeka isandla sakho kuwo ukuze ubone ukuba sishushu kakhulu na. Sebenzisa isepha kunye ne-lotions ezingenavumba .

Ixesha lokubona ugqirha

Ngeli xesha, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha:

• Xa ujongeka usuka ezantsi (ecaleni) lomntwanaUkuba umkhuhlane umalunga ne-100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) okanye ngaphezulu .
• Ukuba injana ibonisa iimpawu zokugula , ayityi, ayichami , okanye ayiphumi.
• Ukuba awubambeki kakuhle okanye awuncancisi kakuhle ngelixa uncancisa.
• Ukuba awonelisekanga kukuncancisa.
• Ukuba umzimba ubonakala utyheli (i-jaundice) .
• Ukuba indawo ejikeleze i-umbilical cord okanye indawo yokwalukela ibomvu kwaye ifana nobovu .
• Musa ukunika amayeza ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha.

Impilo-ntle kaMama nayo ibalulekile!

Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abatsha bazive bediniwe kwaye bexinezelekile ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba ezi mvakalelo zinamandla kakhulu, ukuba uziva ulusizi, unomsindo ngalo lonke ixesha, okanye uxhalabile, thetha nogqirha wakho .

Ukhathazekile ngeemeko zokuphila?

Ngaba ukhathazekile ngemeko yakho yokuhlala? Ngaba unazo izinto ozidingayo ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho? Ngaba unokutya okwaneleyo, indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala, i-inshurensi yezempilo? Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. Angakuxelela ngezixhobo zoluntu okanye akuthumele kumncedisi wentlalontle.

Ukhuseleko Kuqala!

Ungayithintela njani i-Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. `I-SIDS` kukufa ngequbuliso kosana ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uthintele oku:

• Xa ulalisa umntwana wakho, soloko umlalisa ejonge phezulu, kumatrasi othe tyaba, oqinileyo, kwibhedi yomntwana okanye kwibhesinet. Musa ukumlalisa ngesisu okanye ecaleni. Musa ukubeka iibhampa, iingubo, imiqamelo, okanye izinto zokudlala ezithambileyo emacaleni ebhedi yomntwana.
• Ncancisa ibele ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Gcina umntwana wakho ebhedini egumbini lakho, ecaleni kwebhedi yakho, de kube ngumhla wakhe wokuqala wokuzalwa, okanye ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6. Kulapho umngcipheko we-SIDS uphezulu khona. (Akukhuthazwa ukwabelana ngebhedi.)
• Gcina ubushushu begumbi bukhululekile kwaye uthintele umntwana ukuba angabi shushu kakhulu . Nxibisa umntwana ngokweqondo lobushushu begumbi, unganxibi kakhulu . Musa ukugquma intloko yomntwana ngelixa elele. Jonga ukuba uyabila na kwaye ukuba umzimba uziva ushushu xa umchukumisa.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho uyayithanda, mvumele alale ne-pacifier . Ukuba umntwana wakho uyala i-pacifier, musa ukuyinyanzela. Ukuba i-pacifier iginywe ngelixa elele, musa ukuyibuyisela. Ukuba uncancisa, musa ukumnika i-pacifier de aqhele ukuncancisa ngokufanelekileyo.
• Musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho alale phezu kwayo nantoni na engenzelwanga iintsana ngokukodwa.Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nezixhobo zokuhlala (ezifana nezitulo zeemoto), imiqamelo yokondla, kunye neebhedi zeentsana.
• Musa ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezithi ziyanciphisa umngcipheko we-SIDS (ezifana nezixhobo zokulala okanye izixhobo zokujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana kunye nokuphefumla kwakhe). Akukho mveliso ikwenza oku ngokwenene.
• Qinisekisa ukuba naluphi na ulusu okanye imveliso oyisebenzisela ukulala komntwana wakho ivunyiwe yiarhente ethembekileyo, efana ne-US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (Ukuba useSri Lanka, khetha iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ukuba zikhuselekile kwaye zihlangabezana nemigangatho.)

Ezinye Iingcebiso Zokhuseleko

• Musa ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa ii-e-cigarettes. Musa ukuvumela nabani na ukuba atshaye okanye asebenzise i-vape kufutshane nomntwana wakho.
• Soloko ubeka umntwana wakho kwisitulo semoto esijonge ngasemva, kwisitulo sangasemva semoto .
• Ungaze umshiye umntwana wakho yedwa emotweni.
• Musa ukumshiya umntwana wakho yedwa xa evukile, ingakumbi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye xa ehlamba.
• Ungaze umshukumise umntwana wakho – oku kunokubangela ukopha ebuchotsheni kwanokufa. Ukuba ukhe uzive ngathi ungamenzakalisa umntwana wakho, mbeke umntwana wakho ebhedini okanye kwindawo ekhuselekileyo imizuzu embalwa uze utsalele umnxeba umhlobo, isalamane, okanye ugqirha wakho ukuze akuncede.
• Khusela umntwana wakho elangeni ngokumgcina egqunyiwe kwaye emthunzini kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Izikhuseli zelanga azikhuthazwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umthunzi kunye neempahla aziboneleli ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, isunscreen encinci ingafakwa kumntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.

La maphepha okuhlolwa ahambelana nezikhokelo ze-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)/Bright Futures.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, ukuvavanywa kokuqala kosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa ngugqirha linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu kuhambo lwempilo yosana.

Musa ukoyika, buza imibuzo, kwaye umamele ngononophelo oko kuthethwa ngugqirha nomongikazi. Bakho ukuze bakuncede wena nomntwana wakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela ukutya komntwana, ukulala kwakhe, ukukhula kwakhe, kunye nokhuseleko lwakhe. Njengomama, impilo yakho nayo ibalulekile. Kuphela xa usempilweni apho unokumnyamekela kakuhle umntwana wakho. Ngoko ke, sonke sikunqwenelela wena nomntwana wakho isiqalo esimnandi nesisempilweni kolu hambo lutsha!

Impilo yosana , uhlolo lokuqala lwezonyango, ukhathalelo losana olusandul' ukuzalwa, ukuncancisa, ubisi lwebisi, ukulala komntwana, ukuthintela i-SIDS