Ngaba intombazana yakho encinci ikhala ngokurhawuzelelwa okanye iintlungu kwilungu layo lobufazi? Okanye intombi yakho ekwishumi elivisayo ikhala ngokuya exesheni okungaqhelekiyo okanye iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo? Kuqhelekile ukuba nexhala ngamanye amaxesha anje. Abazali abaninzi bacinga ukuba oogqirha bezifo zabesifazane bangabantu abadala kuphela. Kodwa akunjalo. Abantwana abancinci nabantwana abancinci nabo banokuba neengxaki ezithile zezifo zabasetyhini. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni i-Pediatric Gynecology?
Ngamafutshane, le yenye ingcali ye-gynecology. Ngokuchanekileyo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology (PAG).' Oogqirha abafumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kweli candelo banyamekela impilo yokuzala yamantombazana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ebusheni.
Cinga nje, awunakunika umntwana unyango olufanayo nolunika umntu omdala. Ngokufanayo, umzimba womfazi omdala wahlukile kakhulu kumzimba wentombazana encinci okanye wentombazana encinci. Iimfuno zabo zonyango nazo zahlukile. Ngoko ke aba gqirha abaziingcali bafumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokusebenza nabantwana abakule minyaka ngobubele nangokuqonda.
Zinyanga yonke into ukususela kwiintlungu zesini, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye ne-eczema ukuya kwiingxaki ezinzima zokukhula komntwana kunye nenkqubo yokuzala. Inkqubo yokuzala ibandakanya zonke izitho zangaphandle nezangaphakathi ezibandakanyeka ekuzaleni, exesheni, kunye nomsebenzi wesondo.
Ukuze babe yingcali efana nale, emva kwesikolo sezonyango, kufuneka bagqibe isidanga esikhethekileyo kwi -Obstetrics and Gynecology okanye kwi-Pediatrics. Emva koko, bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo (i-Fellowship) kwi-gynecology yabantwana kunye neyolutsha. Ngeli xesha loqeqesho, bona,
- Abantwana bafunda ukwenza uvavanyo ngaphandle kokoyika okanye ukungakhululeki.
- Funda ukuxilonga nokunyanga izifo eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga zabasetyhini ezichaphazela eli qela leminyaka.
- Ukufunda ukulawula iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo zenkqubo yokuzala.
- Bakwaqeqesha neendlela ezikhethekileyo zotyando ezifanelekileyo ebantwaneni.
Ndifanele ndimse nini intombi yam kugqirha wezifo zabesifazane?
Lo ngumbuzo abazali abaninzi abanawo. I-American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology icebisa ukuba intombi yakho ihlolwe okokuqala phakathi kweminyaka eli-13 neli-15 ubudala .
Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula oku. Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki, umzekelo, iintlungu kwindawo yesini, ukurhawuzelelwa, usulelo, okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwengozi, angabonana nale ngcali nangaliphi na ixesha, nokuba mdala kangakanani na . Oku kuthetha ukuba nosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunokufumana olu cebiso lwezonyango.
Ingakumbi amantombazana amancinci , asengozini enkulu yosulelo kunye nokwenzakala okuthile kuba izicubu zawo zangasese zine- estrogen encinci . Ke ngoko, aba gqirha basebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezincinci ezenzelwe bona ngokukodwa ukuhlola nokunyanga abantwana abancinci. Kwaye konke oku kwenzeka kwindawo enobuhlobo apho umntwana engoyiki okanye engoyikiyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa uyisa intombi yakho kwi-checkpoint okokuqala?
Xa uthatha intombi yakho uye kugqirha wezifo zabesifazane okokuqala, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba wena nawe uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala. Kodwa eneneni, le ntlanganiso yokuqala idla ngokuthetha nogqirha kwaye wakhe ubudlelwane obuhle. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukwakha ukuthembana emntwaneni wakho ukuze akwazi ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyanisekileyo ngeengxaki zakhe.
Olu tyelelo lokuqala lujolise kakhulu ekufundiseni nasekuboniseni . Ugqirha uza kuxoxa ngale nto ilandelayo nentombi yakhe:
- Malunga nokufikisa : Nceda intombi yakho iqonde ukuba utshintsho emzimbeni wayo (njengokukhula kwamabele nokukhula kweenwele kwiindawo zabucala) luqhelekile kwaye lwenzeka kuye wonke umntu, kwaye luncede ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwayo.
- Malunga nomjikelo wokuya exesheni: Ichaza ukuba unjani umjikelo wokuya exesheni oqhelekileyo kunye nendlela onokuhluka ngayo kumntu nomntu.
- Malunga nemikhwa enempilo : Ukuthetha ngezihloko ezifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka ezifana nococeko lomntu.
- Ukususa iingcamango eziphosakeleyo kunye noloyiko: Nayiphi na imibuzo enokuba nayo intombazana (malunga notshintsho lomzimba, isini) iphendulwa ngokwesayensi nangokulula, isusa uloyiko olungeyomfuneko engqondweni yayo.
Ixesha elininzi, ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo lwangaphandle kuphela. Oko kukuthi, ukujonga nje amabele entombi yakho kunye namalungu esini angaphandle. Ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu esikhethekileyo sezonyango, uvavanyo lwangaphakathi aluyi kwenziwa kwidinga lokuqala. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe njengomzali ukuba ukwazi.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo?
Emva kwentlanganiso yokuqala, ukuba intombi ifuna, ingakwaziUngambona ugqirha. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo ngolu hlobo, izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka:
- Ukufundisa ngokuzihlola amabele : Ugqirha ufundisa intombi ngokubaluleka kokuzihlola amabele ayo kunye nendlela echanekileyo yokwenza oko. Ngokuqhelekileyo kucetyiswa ukuba iqale ezi mviwo emva kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
- Uvavanyo lwe-pelvic: Ukuba intombi yakho inentlungu okanye iingxaki zokufikisa, ugqirha unokuhlola amalungu e-pelvic, njengesibeleko, ama-ovari, kunye ne-vagina. Olu vavanyo alusoloko luyimfuneko.
- I-Pap smear: Olu luvavanyo lokufumanisa umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko okanye iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezinokukhula zibe ngumhlaza. I-Pap smear yokuqala idla ngokwenziwa emva kweminyaka engama-21 ubudala.
- Ukunika iingcebiso malunga nolawulo lokubeleka: Ugqirha angathetha nawe malunga nolawulo lokubeleka kunye neendlela ezifumanekayo kwintombi yakho. Ulawulo lokubeleka alusetyenziselwa nje ukuthintela ukukhulelwa. Lukwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu zokuya exesheni, ukopha kakhulu, amaqhakuva, kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo ezininzi.
- Ukuxoxa ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo: Intombi inethuba lokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha malunga nazo naziphi na iingxaki, iintlungu, okanye iingxaki enokuba nazo emzimbeni wayo.
- Ukubuza imibuzo: Intombazana ingabuza nawuphi na umbuzo malunga nomzimba wayo, impilo yayo, kunye nesondo.
Ziziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa zezi ngcali?
Iingxaki zezifo zabasetyhini zinokuvela kumantombazana nokuba aneminyaka emingaphi. Nazi ezinye zezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo.
| Uhlobo lwengxaki | Imizekelo kunye neenkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuya exesheni | |
| Ukungabikho kokuya exesheni | I-Amenorrhea kukungabikho kokuya exesheni emva kweminyaka yokufikisa okanye ukuyeka ukuya exesheni emva kokuqala kokuya exesheni (Amenorrhea). |
| Ukopha kakhulu | Ukopha okunzima kunesiqhelo kwaye kuthathe iintsuku ezininzi (iMenorrhagia). |
| Ukuya exesheni okubuhlungu | Intlungu yesisu enganyamezelekiyo neyenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (iDysmenorrhea). |
| Ukuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga | Imijikelo yokuya exesheni eyenzeka ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo, ibambezeleka kangangeenyanga (iinyanga ezingavumelekanga/i-Oligomenorrhea). |
| Ukulibaziseka/ukufikisa kwangethuba | Ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo okanye ukufikisa kwangoko. |
| Ezinye iimeko eziqhelekileyo | |
| Ukungaqhelekanga kwamabele | Amaqhuma amabele, iintlungu, okanye iingxaki zokukhula. |
| Ii-cysts ze-ovarian | Ii-cysts ze-ovarian. |
| Imeko ye-PCOS | I-Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) - ukungalingani kwamahomoni. |
| Izifo zesini zangasese nezangaphandle | Ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba, kunye nokukhupha ulwelo olunuka kakubi (iVulvovaginitis). |
| Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo | Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (iiSTI). |
| Ukunamathela komlomo wesitho sangasese sowesifazane | Ukunamathela kweLebhu, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. |
| Iimeko ezikhethekileyo ezinokufuna utyando | |
| I-Endometriosis | Intlungu ebuhlungu ebangelwa zizicwili ebekufanele ukuba zikhulele ngaphakathi kwesibeleko ezikhula ngaphandle kwaso. |
| Iziphene zokuzalwa | Ukukhubazeka kwenkqubo yokuzala ezalwa nayo. |
| Ukubanjwa kwezinto zangaphandle | Izinto zangaphandle ezibhajwa kwilungu lobufazi ngexesha lokudlala okanye ngempazamo. |
Ziphathwa kwaye zilawulwa njani ezi ngxaki?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwimeko yomntwana. Akukho sisombululo sifanelekileyo kubo bonke. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha usenokuthatha indlela "yokulinda ubone" . Oku kuthetha ukungamnyangi umntwana kwaye angajongi imeko. Ezinye iingxaki zinokufuna uphando olongezelelekileyo kunye novavanyo. Nazi ezinye zezona ndlela zonyango zixhaphakileyo kunye novavanyo:
- I-Colposcopy: Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukujonga umlomo wesibeleko kunye nodonga lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukuba azikho izicwili ezingaqhelekanga ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo olufana ne-Pap smear aziqhelekanga. Oku kuquka ukuhlola indawo ngekhamera ekhethekileyo (enokukhuliswa).
- Utyando lweLaparoscopic: Olu lwaziwa ngokuba "lutyando lwe-keyhole." Lutyando apho ikhamera kunye nezixhobo zifakwa khona ngokusebenzisa imingxunya emininzi emincinci esiswini, endaweni yokwenza umngxunya omkhulu. Lusetyenziswa ukuhlola nokunyanga iimeko ezifana neethumba zesisu, iintlungu ze-pelvic, kunye ne-endometriosis.
- I-Vaginoscopy: Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukususa nayiphi na into yangaphandle ebambeke kwilungu lobufazi lomntwana.
- Unyango lweHormonal:Ukuze unyange ezinye iingxaki zempilo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza aqulethe iihomoni. La mayeza angeza ngendlela yeepilisi, iinaliti, iziqwenga zolusu, okanye izixhobo zangaphakathi kwesibeleko.
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza afana nee-antibiotics, ii-antivirals, kunye nee-painkillers (NSAIDs) anokumiselwa xa kufuneka.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba intombi yakho inayo nayiphi na kwezi ngxaki zabasetyhini, musa ukucinga nje ukuba "yingxaki yokukhula nje." Ezi ngxaki aziyi kuziphelela. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane ingcebiso nonyango olufanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology yintsimi ekhethekileyo yezonyango egxile kwimpilo yokuzala yamantombazana ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya ebusheni.
- Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuyisa intombi yakho kugqirha wezifo zabesifazane okokuqala liphakathi kweminyaka eli-13 ukuya kweli-15. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi na ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu okanye iingxaki.
- Ixesha lokuqala lokubonana nogqirha alisoloko liyinto yokoyika, kodwa liba yintlanganiso yokubonisana apho unokuthetha nogqirha kwaye wakhe ukuthembana. Uvavanyo lwangaphakathi aluqhelekanga ukwenziwa.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iingxaki zokuya exesheni ezifana neentlungu ezigqithisileyo, ukungaqheleki kakuhle, nokopha kakhulu njengesiqhelo. Kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwezi zinto.
- Iingxaki zezifo zabasetyhini ebantwaneni azipheli zodwa. Soloko ubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa nonyango olufanelekileyo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 👩⚕️ Ngubani iGynecologist?
Ingcali yezifo zabesifazane ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo neengxaki ezinxulumene nenkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini namantombazana. Ngamafutshane, aba gqirha banyanga nasiphi na isifo sesibeleko, ama-ovari, kunye namalungu angqongileyo.
💬 👧 Kutheni kufuneka uyise intombazana encinci kugqirha wezifo zabesifazane?
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba kufuneka uye kugqirha wezifo zabesifazane emva komtshato. Kodwa akunjalo. Unyango lwezifo zabantwana kunye nolutsha lubalulekile kwiingxaki ezivela ngexesha lokufikisa kwintombazana, ukuya exesheni okungacwangciswanga, iintlungu ezigqithisileyo, kwanosulelo kwiindawo zangasese zabantwana abancinci.
💬 🩺 Ngaba ukubonisa intombi kugqirha ngolu hlobo kuya koyikisa umntwana?
Akunjalo konke konke. Oogqirha bezifo zabantwana nabakwishumi elivisayo baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukunyanga abantwana nabasetyhini abancinci ngendlela enobuhlobo nenobubele. Baphelisa iintloni noloyiko lomntwana, kwaye benza uvavanyo ngokukhuselekileyo nangokulula, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokoyika.
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