Ingaba unethumba kwi-pituitary gland yakho? (I-Pituitary Adenoma) Masifunde ngayo!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uphathwa ziintloko ngaphandle kwesizathu? Okanye uziva ngathi amehlo akho abuthathaka kancinci, kwaye awukwazi ukubona izinto ezivela emacaleni kakuhle? Okanye, ngaba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki ebangelwa lutshintsho oluthile kwiihomoni zomzimba wakho? Mhlawumbi isizathu sezi zinto sisimila esincinci esikhula kwi-pituitary gland yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -'Pituitary Adenoma' . Ungakhathazeki, lo asingomhlaza.

Yintoni i-pituitary adenoma?

Ngamafutshane, i-pituitary adenoma sisimila esingengomhlaza (esingenobungozi) esikhula kwi-pituitary gland yakho. Asisasazeki kwamanye amalungu omzimba njengomhlaza. Yiyo leyo into ebaluleke kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko le adenoma ikhula, inokucinezela izinto ezifana nemithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo yegazi eyijikelezileyo. Kulapho ke iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala khona.

Ngoko ke, yintoni le gland ye-pituitary?

Khawuthelekelele, emva kwempumlo yethu, edibene nesiseko sobuchopho, i-"Hypothalamus"`, kukho idlala elincinci elinobukhulu obufana ne-pea. Yiloo nto libizwa ngokuba yi-pituitary gland. Nangona lincinci, lenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Eli dlala linamacandelo amabini aphambili:

• Ilobe yangaphambili
• Ilobe yangasemva

Zombini ezi nxalenye zivelisa kwaye zikhuphe iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeehomoni egazini. Iihomoni zifana nezithunywa zeekhemikhali ezilawula kwaye zilungelelanisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu. Zihamba ngegazi kwaye zidlulise imiyalezo efunekayo kumalungu ethu, kwimisipha, nakwezinye izicwili. Nazi ezinye zeehomoni ezibalulekileyo eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland:

• I-hormone ye-Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH okanye i-Corticotropin)
• I-hormone ye-antidiuretic (ADH okanye iVasopressin)
• Ihomoni evuselela i-follicle (` FSH` )
• Ihomoni yokukhula (`GH`)
• Ihomoni yeLuteinizing (`LH`)
• I-Oxytocin (`i -Oxytocin` )
• Iprolactin
• Ihomoni evuselela i-thyroid (`TSH`)

Ayipheleli nje apho, i-pituitary gland ikwabonisa ezinye ii-endocrine glands emzimbeni wethu ukuba zivelise ii-hormones. Ngoko ke ungaqonda ukuba ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale pituitary gland, efana ne-adenoma, umsebenzi we-hormone enye okanye ii-hormones ezininzi unokuchaphazeleka.

Zihluke njani ezi ntlobo ze-adenomas?

Oogqirha bahlula ii-adenomas zepituitary zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: 1. Ngokusekelwe ekubeni ziyavelisa na iihomoni okanye azizivelisi:

• I-adenoma esebenzayo/ekhuphayo:Ukongeza, ezi ntlobo ze-adenomas zivelisa i-hormone enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-pituitary. Ke ngoko, iimpawu kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zinokuvela ngokuxhomekeke kwi-hormone eveliswe ngokugqithisileyo.
• Ii-adenomas ezingasebenziyo/ezingakhuphiyo: Ezi adenomas azivelisi iihomoni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zikhula zibe nkulu, zinokubangela iimpawu ngokucinezela kwiindawo zobuchopho ezikufutshane okanye kwimithambo-luvo . Olu luhlobo lwe-adenoma oludibana noogqirha rhoqo.

2. Ngokobukhulu:

• IiMicroadenomas: Ezi ziithumba ezincinci kuneemilimitha ezili-10 (oko kukuthi, isentimitha e-1).
• IiMacroadenomas: Ezi ziithumba ezinkulu kuneemilimitha ezili-10. IiMacroadenomas zixhaphake kabini kuneemicroadenomas. Zikwanokubangela amanqanaba aphantsi ehomoni enye okanye ezingaphezulu zepituitary (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypopituitarism).

Ingaba oku kuthathwa njengomhlaza wobuchopho?

I-pituitary gland ngokwenene lulwakhiwo oluyinxalenye yenkqubo ye-endocrine, kwaye ayiyonxalenye yobuchopho. Inamathele kwisiseko sobuchopho. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bacinga ukuba i-pituitary adenomas luhlobo lwe-brain tumor . I-pituitary adenomas ibangela i-10% kuphela yee-primary brain tumors.

Ngubani ozifumana rhoqo ezi zinto? Zixhaphake kangakanani?

I-pituitary adenomas inokukhula nangaliphi na ixesha. Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abakwiminyaka yabo yama-30 nama-40 . Abafazi nabo banamathuba amancinci okuzifumana kunamadoda. Ziqhelekile kangangokuba zimalunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-15% yazo zonke iithumba ezikhula ngaphakathi kwentloko. Ngokwezibalo, malunga nabantu abangama-77 kwabayi-100,000 banale meko. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba abantu abaninzi, mhlawumbi abafikelela kwi-20%, baya kukhula ngenye indlela ebomini babo. Amaxesha amaninzi, ingakumbi abo bane-microadenomas (`microadenomas`), abanazo naziphi na iimpawu, ngoko ke azibonakali.

Zithini iimpawu ze-pituitary adenoma?

Iimpawu ze-pituitary adenoma zinokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu. Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezininzi:

• Nokuba i-adenoma ikhula ngobukhulu kwaye yonakalisa i-pituitary gland ngokwayo, okanye ingaba ibangela "ubunzima" kwizakhiwo ezingqongileyo.
• Ingaba yi-adenoma ekhupha iihomoni ('isebenza')? Ukuba kunjalo, iimpawu ziya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwehomoni evelisayo.

Iimpawu ze-'Mass Effect' ezibangelwa yi-'Macroadenomas' (iithumba ezinkulu)

Ii-adenoma ezinkulu (`iMacroadenomas`) zibangela iimpawu ikakhulu ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwizicubu ezingqongileyo.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ubeka into enkulu kwigumbi elincinci, kufana nokuba akukho ndawo yaneleyo yezinye izinto kwaye igcwele abantu.

• Iingxaki zamehlo:

Malunga nama-40% ukuya kuma-60% abantu abane-pituitary adenoma enkuluUkulahlekelwa ngumbono (umbono ofipheleyo, umbono ophindwe kabini) kwenzeka. Oku kwenzeka kuba i-adenoma icinezela i-optic chiasm, edibanisa amehlo nengqondo. Oku kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ongaphandle, ingakumbi ecaleni. Kufana nehashe elilahlekelwa ngumbono walo kumacala omabini.

• Intloko ebuhlungu :

Abantu abaninzi abane-pituitary adenomas bakhalaza ngeentloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo. Oku kusenokubangelwa kukucinezelwa kwethumba kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iintloko ezibuhlungu zihlala zibangelwa zizinto ezininzi, zinokubangelwa nazezinye izinto.

• Ukunqongophala kwamaHormonal:

Ii-adenoma ezinkulu (`Macroadenomas`) zingonakalisa izicubu ze-pituitary gland kwaye zinciphise ukuveliswa kwehomoni enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-pituitary. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`Hypopituitarism`. Iimpawu ezenzekayo xa ihomoni nganye inciphile nazo ziyahluka.

• Xa ii-hormone ze-LH kunye ne-FSH zincipha (`Hypogonadism`): Amanqanaba e- `Oestrogen` kwabasetyhini kunye ne- `Testosterone` kwabesilisa ayehla. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokubila okugqithisileyo, ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kwabasetyhini, 'Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile' kumadoda, ukuncipha kokukhula kweenwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni, utshintsho lweemvakalelo kumadoda omabini, ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu.
• Xa amanqanaba e-hormone ye-TSH ehla (`Hypothyroidism`): Ubungakanani bee-hormone eziveliswa yi-thyroid gland buyancipha. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa, ukuqhina, ukubetha kwentliziyo kancinci, ulusu olomileyo, ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-reflexes.
• Xa i-hormone ye-ACTH iphantsi (`I-Adrenal Insufficiency`): Ukuveliswa komzimba kwe-hormone ethi `Cortisol` kuyehla. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.
• I-GH (Ukungabikho kweHormone yoKhula): Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka. Abantu abadala banokudinwa kunye nokulahlekelwa yimisipha.

Iimpawu ze-adenomas ezisebenzayo

Ukongeza ekukhupheni ihomoni enye okanye ezingaphezulu, i-adenoma esebenzayo inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezinxulumene nehomoni nganye.

• Iiprolactinomas (ezaziwa ngokuba yiLactotroph Adenomas):

Ezi adenomas zivelisa i-hormone prolactin eninzi kakhulu. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperprolactinemia. Zimalunga nezi-4 kwezili-10 kuphela ii-pituitary tumors ezilolu hlobo. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-pituitary adenoma.Xa amanqanaba eprolactin enyuka, ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo yokuzala kubasetyhini nakumadoda kunokuphazamiseka.

• Ukungazali (ukungazali) kwamadoda nabafazi.
• Ukuphuma kobisi emabeleni nangona ungakhulelwanga (`Galactorrhea`).

• I-Somatotroph Adenomas:

Ezi adenomas zivelisa i-growth hormone eninzi kakhulu (`Growth Hormone` okanye `Somatotropin`) . Malunga ne-2 kwi-10 pituitary tumors zezo hlobo. Iimpawu ezibangelwa koku ziyahluka ngokweminyaka.

• Abantu abadala: Imeko engaqhelekanga kodwa embi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Acromegaly' iyenzeka. Kule meko, amathambo kunye nezicubu zomzimba zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izandla, iinyawo, kunye nentloko ziyakhula, kwaye imo yobuso iyatshintsha. Ikwachaphazela ulawulo lweswekile egazini, kwaye nemisipha yentliziyo inokukhula.
• Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abaselula: Kukho imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-gigantism. Bakhula ngokungaqhelekanga ngenxa ye-hormone yokukhula egqithisileyo.

• Ii-Corticotroph Adenomas:

Ezi adenomas zivelisa i-ACTH eninzi kakhulu (i-adrenocorticotropic hormone) . Malunga ne-1 kwi-10 pituitary tumors zezo hlobo. I-ACTH hormone ivuselela amadlala e-adrenal ukuba avelise ii-hormone ezininzi ze-steroid ezifana ne-cortisol. Oku kubangela i-Cushing's Syndrome (i-cortisol egqithisileyo).

• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Ukudumba okulula.
• Imigca ebanzi (engaphezulu kwe-1 cm) emfusa (`Amanqaku okuTsala`) ivela esiswini.
• I-Osteoporosis.
• Ukuqhekeka koxinzelelo.
• Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile.

• Ii-Thyrotroph Adenomas:

Ezi adenomas zivelisa i-TSH eninzi kakhulu (i-thyroid stimulating hormone) . Ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu. I-TSH ivuselela i-thyroid gland ukuba ivelise ii-hormone ze-thyroid ezingaphezulu. Oku kubangela 'i-Hyperthyroidism' (imeko ye-thyroid esebenza kakhulu), ekhawulezisa imetabolism yomzimba.

• Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Isihlalo esikhululekileyo rhoqo.
• Ukubila.
• Ukungcangcazela kwezandla.
• Ixhala.

Kubalulekile: Zininzi ezinye izizathu ze-hyperthyroidism. I-pituitary adenoma yimbangela engaqhelekanga kakhulu.

• Ii-Gonadotroph Adenomas:

Ezi adenomas zivelisa ii-gonadotropins ezininzi kakhulu (oko kukuthi, iihomoni ze-LH kunye ne-FSH). Oku nako kunqabile kakhulu.

• Oku kunokubangela ukuba abafazi babe neemeko ezingaqhelekanga zokuya exesheni kunye neemeko ezifana ne-Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS).
• Amadoda anokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokukhulisa amasende, ukujula kwelizwi, ukulahleka kweenwele (ngasemva kweendlebe), kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kweenwele zobuso.
• Abantwana banokufikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha.

Zithini izizathu ze-pituitary adenoma?

Izazinzulu azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela ezi adenomas. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-adenomas kucingelwa ukuba zinxulumene notshintsho olungacwangciswanga (`ukuguqulwa`) kwiijini (`i-DNA`) kwiiseli zethu. Olu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo lubangela ukuba iiseli kwi-pituitary gland zikhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye zenze ubunzima. Olu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo ngamanye amaxesha lunokufunyanwa kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni (abazuzwe njengelifa), okanye lunokukhula ngokungacwangciswanga ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, ii-adenomas ze-pituitary zinokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zezakhi zofuzo . Eminye imizekelo yile:

• ``I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)''
• ``I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 4 (MEN4)''
• `I-Carney complex`
• `Isifo se-X-LAG`
• ``I-Succinate dehydrogenase-related family pituitary adenoma''
• `Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis`
• ``Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome''

Umntu onesi sifo semfuza usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-pituitary adenoma. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba abantu abangenaso esi sifo semfuza nabo banokuba nezi adenoma.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Inkqubo yokuxilonga i-pituitary adenoma iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-adenoma onayo kunye nokuba ibangela iimpawu na. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntu one-adenoma ekhupha iihomoni (`I-Functioning Adenoma`) ufunyaniswa okokuqala enokungalingani kweehomoni (umz. `I-Cushing's Syndrome`, `I-Acromegaly`) ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu. Kulapho kuphela apho i-adenoma ifunyanwa khona xa kuphandwa unobangela. Oku kungenxa yokuba iimeko ezininzi ezibangelwa ziihomoni ezigqithisileyo zinokuba nezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwee-adenoma ze-pituitary. Oku kunokuthiwa okufanayo malunga nokungabikho kweehomoni ze-pituitary (`I-Hypopituitarism`). Ngamanye amaxesha, i-adenoma ye-pituitary ifunyanwa njenge -`Incidental Finding` ngexesha lokuskena intloko (`Uvavanyo lomfanekiso`) lwesinye isifo. Uninzi lwee-adenomas ezifumaneka ngolu hlobo zihlala zincinci ngobukhulu kwaye zingasebenzi.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unokuba ne-pituitary adenoma, uza kujonga ngononophelo iimpawu zakho, imbali yezonyango, aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukongeza, banokucebisa olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lweGazi: Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuyalelwa ukujonga amanqanaba eehomoni ezahlukeneyo ze-pituitary.
• Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: Iskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) yentloko okanyeIskeni ye-`CT (Computed Tomography)` inokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo yezakhiwo ezingaphakathi entloko. Ezi mvavanyo zinokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho i-pituitary adenoma kwaye inkulu kangakanani. Uvavanyo lwe-`MRI` lolona vavanyo lufanelekileyo nolunobuzaza koku.
• Uvavanyo Lwamehlo: Ukuba uneengxaki zokubona, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwentsimi yokubona. Olu vavanyo lubalulekile kuba ii-adenomas ezinkulu zepituitary zinokubangela iingxaki zokubona ngokucinezela umthambo we-optic, odibanisa amehlo nengqondo.

Iphathwa njani i-pituitary adenoma?

Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokunyanga i-pituitary adenomas: utyando, amayeza, kunye nonyango lwe-radiation. Ngamanye amaxesha enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ndlela zingasetyenziswa kunye. Ngenxa yokuba i-adenoma yomntu wonke kunye nemeko yakhe zahlukile, wena kunye neqela lakho lezonyango ninokusebenzisana ukumisela isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena.

Utyando lokususa i-adenoma

Ukuba une-adenoma ebangela ukungalingani kwamahomoni okanye echaphazela umbono wakho, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa utyando lokususa yonke okanye inxalenye ye-adenoma. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu be-adenoma kunye nobunzima beempawu zakho, kunokufuneka utyando olungaphezulu kolunye. Oogqirha badla ngokwenza le nkqubo besebenzisa indlela yotyando ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Transsphenoidal Surgery' . Oku kubandakanya ukungena ngempumlo nakwi-sphenoid sinus (indawo engenanto emva komngxuma wempumlo, ngaphantsi kwengqondo) ukuze bafikelele kwi-pituitary gland baze basuse i-adenoma. Malunga ne-95% yee-tumor ze-pituitary zisuswa ngale ndlela. Yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-adenoma inkulu kakhulu ukuba ingasuswa ngempumlo okanye ikwindawo enzima, ugqirha unokufuneka enze utyando lwe-transcranial. Le yinkqubo engaqhelekanga kwi-pituitary adenomas.

Unyango ngamayeza

Ezinye iintlobo ze-pituitary adenomas, ingakumbi ii-prolactinomas , zinokulawulwa kwaye zincitshiswe ngamayeza. Abantu abane-prolactinomas (ezi zezona zixhaphakileyo) baqale banyangwe nge-dopamine agonist, efana neCabergoline (Dostinex®) okanye iBromocriptine (Cycloset®), kangangeenyanga eziliqela.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba malunga ne-80% yamatyala, la mayeza anciphisa i-prolactinoma aze abuyisele amanqanaba e-hormone ye-prolactin kwisiqhelo.

Ukuba amayeza awasebenzi okanye ukuba luhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-adenoma, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando.

Unyango lweMisebe

Unyango lwemitha lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezinamandla aphezulu ukutshabalalisa iiseli ze-adenoma, ukunciphisa ithumba okanye ukulithintela ukuba lingakhuli.(umz. `Gamma Knife`®) Kusetyenziswa indlela ekhethekileyo nechanekileyo yonyango lwemitha. Kule meko, imisebe emininzi yemitha ijoliswe kwi-adenoma evela kumacala ahlukeneyo, inciphisa umonakalo kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwiindawo eziseleyo emva kotyando okanye kwiimeko apho utyando lungenakwenzeka.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, unyango lwe-pituitary adenoma lunokuba nemiphumo emibi.

• Emva kotyando kunye/okanye unyango lwemitha, malunga nama-60% abantu abane-pituitary adenomas banokuba ne-'Hypopituitarism' (ukwehla kokuveliswa kwehomoni enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-pituitary). Nangona le yimeko yobomi bonke, amayeza okutshintshwa kweehomoni anokunceda abantu baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
• Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yotyando:
• Ukopha.
• Ukuvuza kweCerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (ulwelo oluphuma empumlweni).
• I-Meningitis (usulelo lwee-membrane ezigubungela ubuchopho).
• Isifo seswekile i-insipidus (ukuchama kakhulu kunye nokunxanwa kakhulu ngenxa yokunqongophala kwehomoni yokulwa nokugabha).
• Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zeziyobisi ze-dopamine agonist ze-prolactinoma ziquka: intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zonyango lwemitha:
• Ukunqongophala kwehomoni yepituitary (kunokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha).
• Ukungakwazi Ukuzala.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono kunye nomonakalo kwizicubu zobuchopho (kunqabile kakhulu).
• Elinye ithumba linokuvela kwindawo efanayo emva kweminyaka emininzi emva konyango (kunqabile kakhulu).

Ngaba ukwakheka kwezi adenomas kungathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela i-pituitary adenomas. Uninzi lwexesha, zenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga. Nangona kunjalo, zinokunxulunyaniswa nezinye zeemeko ezingaqhelekanga zemfuza ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Ukuba ilungu losapho elisondeleyo (umnakwenu, udadewenu, okanye umzali) linesifo semfuza esifana nesi, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokunika iingcebiso kunye novavanyo lwemfuza ukuze ubone ukuba nawe unayo na le meko. Ukuba unayo, ugqirha wakho unokukujonga ngokusondeleyo aze abone kwaye anyange naziphi na ii-adenomas ezikhula kwangethuba.

Ithini ingxelo yokubikezela ukuba le meko iza kwenzeka?

Ithemba le-pituitary adenoma, oko kukuthi, ukuchacha kwakho kunye nempilo yakho yexesha elizayo, lixhomekeke kubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwe-adenoma, kunye nonyango olufumanayo .

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kwiimeko ezininzi, xa i-adenoma isusiwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ilawulwa ngonyango, izigulana zinokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobusempilweni kwakhona.

Kwezinye iimeko, unyango lunokunciphisa ukuveliswa kweehomoni yi-pituitary gland. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka uthathe amayeza okutshintsha iihomoni ubomi bakho bonke ukuze kuthathelwe indawo iihomoni ezincitshisiweyo. I-Adenomas ngamanye amaxesha inokuphinda ivele. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokufuna unyango kwakhona emva kwexesha elithile. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba malunga ne-18% yabantu abane-adenomas engasebenziyo kunye malunga ne-25% yabantu abane-prolactinoma banokufuna unyango kwakhona kwixesha elizayo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala unxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha wakho kwaye uhlolwe rhoqo.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ne-pituitary adenoma?

Ewe, unako. Ukuba i-pituitary adenoma incinci kwaye ayibangeli zimpawu, ungaphila nayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba bane-adenoma xa beskenwa intloko ngesinye isizathu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-adenoma iyaqhubeka nokukhula okanye iqala ukubangela iimpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna unyango. Ukuba une-pituitary adenoma enkulu kunye/okanye esebenzayo (evelisa iihomoni), ngokuqinisekileyo uya kufuna unyango. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye i-pituitary adenomas zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho nakumgangatho wobomi bakho.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa?

Ukuba azinyangwa, ezinye ii-adenomas zepituitary – ingakumbi ii-adenomas ezinkulu (`Macroadenomas`) kunye nee-adenomas ezisebenzayo (`Secreting`) – zinokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu . Ezi ngxaki zempilo zixhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo lwehomoni ekhutshwa yi-adenoma (sixoxe ngale nto ngaphambili kwicandelo elithi 'Symptoms'). Ingxaki engaqhelekanga kodwa eyingozi kakhulu yee-adenomas zepituitary ezinganyangwanga yi-'Pituitary Apoplexy'. Le yi-'Medical Emergency'. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukopha ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwe-pituitary gland. I-'Pituitary Apoplexy' idla ngokubangelwa kukopha ngaphakathi kwi-adenoma yepituitary. Ithumba liyakhula ngequbuliso, lonakalise i-pituitary gland. Okukhona i-adenoma inkulu, kokukhona umngcipheko wokuba ne-'Pituitary Apoplexy' inkulu. Iimpawu ze-'Pituitary Apoplexy' zihlala zibonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokusongela ubomi . Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu (njengentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu endakha ndanayo ebomini bam).
• Ukubona kabini okanye ukungakwazi ukuphakamisa iliso ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha yamehlo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimbono ecaleni okanye ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yimbono kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-adrenal kubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza.
• Utshintsho kubuntu (umz., ukudideka) ngenxa yokucutheka ngesiquphe komthambo wobuchopho ongaphambili engqondweni.

I-pituitary apoplexy yimeko engaqhelekanga, kodwa imbi kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, fowunela iinkonzo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo (ezifana ne-911) ngoko nangoko okanye cela umntu akuse kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

• Ukuba uneengxaki zokubona (ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona kabini, ukubona okuphantsi kwe-peripheral) kunye/okanye iintloko ezibuhlungu ezingapheliyo okanye eziphindaphindayo (ingakumbi ebunzini), bona ugqirha umxelele ngaloo nto.
• Ukuba sele ufunyenwe une-pituitary adenoma, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ajonge imeko ye-adenoma kwaye aqinisekise ukuba unyango lusebenza kakuhle.

Okokugqibela, khumbula ezi zinto zilandelayo:

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ufumanisa ukuba unethumba. Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi malunga ne-pituitary adenomas kukuba uninzi lwazo (ngaphezulu kwe-99%) azinawo umhlaza (zingenobungozi) kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango lunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu. Khumbula, ugqirha wakho liqabane lakho ekufezekiseni impilo yakho engcono. Ke ngoko, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iimpawu, ukungonwabi, okanye imibuzo onokuba nayo malunga nonyango lwakho. Ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango olufike ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo ungayilawula le meko ngempumelelo.