Ngaba udinga uncedo ngengxaki yempilo yengqondo? Ngubani i-PMHNP? (Ugqirha wezeMpilo yengqondo)

Kule mihla, sonke sijongene neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo lwengqondo kunye neengxaki, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha singathetha nomhlobo okanye ilungu losapho size sizole. Kodwa kukho ezinye iingxaki ezifuna uncedo olukhethekileyo. Ngamaxesha anjalo, i-PMHNP ngumntu onokusinceda. Masibone ukuba bangoobani kwaye benza ntoni?

Ngubani kanye kanye i-PMHNP?

Ngamafutshane, i-PMHNP (uMhlengikazi wezeMpilo yengqondo ) ngumongikazi oqeqeshiweyo ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zempilo yengqondo . Bafana nogqirha, kodwa benolwazi olukhethekileyo kumongikazi. Banceda abantu abadala, abantwana, kunye neentsapho ezineengxaki zempilo yengqondo. Banokufumanisa okwenzekayo engqondweni yakho baze bakunike unyango olufanelekileyo. Bakwanceda abantu abaneengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-PMHNP igcina ulwazi lwakho luyimfihlo kwaye idala indawo ekhuselekileyo nevulekileyo yokuba uthethe.

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye enye ingcali iya kukuthumela kwi-PMHNP. Bakwabizwa ngokuba "ziingcali zooNgcali bezeNgqondo."

Yintoni eyenziwa yi-PMHNP?

Iinkonzo ze-PMHNP zibanzi kakhulu. Zinceda abantu abaneengxaki zempilo yengqondo kunye neengxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi gwenxa. Nazi ezinye zeemeko abanyanga ngazo:

• Iingxaki zokuxhalaba : Iimvakalelo zoloyiko, uvalo, kunye nokukhathazeka okungalawulekiyo.
• Uxinzelelo : Iimpawu ziquka ukudakumba okukhulu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla kuyo nayiphi na into, kunye nokungalali .
• Isifo se -Bipolar : Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, njengokuvuya okukhulu ngequbuliso uze emva koko usizi luphele ngequbuliso.
• Iingxaki zokutya: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne -Anorexia Nervosa ( ukwehla kobunzima obugqithisileyo emva kokunciphisa ukutya) kunye ne-Bulimia (ukutya kakhulu nokuhlanza).
• Ingxaki Yokuxhalaba Ngokugqithisileyo (OCD): Ukuphindaphinda izinto ezifanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yeengcinga ezingafunekiyo ezifika engqondweni.
• Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukuqwalasela/yokungakwazi ukugxila kakhulu (ADHD): Ubunzima bokuhlala kwindawo enye, ukungakwazi ukugxila, njl.
• Ingxaki yokuxhalaba: Uloyiko oluqatha nolukhawulezileyo oluvela ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
• I-Dementia: Isifo sokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo esenzeka xa umntu ekhula.
I-Schizophrenia: Imeko yengqondo ebuhlungu ebonakaliswa kukulahlekelwa kukudibana nenyani kunye nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo .
• Ukuphazamiseka kobuntu: Iindlela zokuziphatha kunye nokucinga kwexesha elide ezingqubanayo nabanye.
• Ingxaki Yoxinzelelo Emva Kwengozi (PTSD): Uxinzelelo lwengqondo oluvela emva kokufumana isiganeko esibuhlungu.

I-PMHNP ayincedi nje abantu ngabanye kuphela, ikwasebenza neentsapho, amaqela kunye noluntu. Basebenzisa iindlela zokungenelela ezisekelwe kubungqina ukukunceda uphucule impilo yakho yengqondo kwaye woyise iingxaki zakho.

Khawucinge nje, i-PMHNP ikunceda ukuba usebenze ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, uphuhlise izakhono zakho zokujongana neengxaki, ukulawula iimpawu zengqondo, ukuchonga nokuphucula amandla akho, kunye nokuthintela imeko yakho ukuba ibe mandundu.

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezenziwa yi-PMHNP

Imisebenzi yabo ingahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo abasebenza kuyo, kodwa uninzi lwee-PMHNPs zenza oku kulandelayo:

• Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zempilo yengqondo, izifo, kunye neengxamiseko ziyachongwa kwaye ziyanyangwa.
• Banika amayeza, bawalawule, baze banike nezinye iindlela zonyango.
• Unyango lwengqondo lubonelelwa ngabantu ngabanye, amaqela, kunye neentsapho. Oku kuquka unyango lokuthetha kunye nonyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT). Cinga ngalo njengokuthetha ngeengxaki zakho kwaye kukunceda utshintshe indlela ocinga ngayo nokujongana nazo.
• Iinkonzo zokunika iingcebiso zinikezelwa kwabo banezifo zengqondo ezihlala ixesha elide.
• Siququzelela iinkonzo ezivela kubaboneleli ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo kubantu abaneengxaki zempilo yengqondo ezinzima.
• Sikwanika ingqalelo kwiingxaki zempilo ngokubanzi kwaye sithumela izigulana kunyango olukhethekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Ukuxilongwa kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwizigulana nakwiintsapho zazo.
• Iinkqubo zokuhlola ezihambelana nobudala ziyaqhutywa okanye ziyacetyiswa.
• Ukukhuthaza ukuzinyamekela ngendlela yokuphila kakuhle. Oko kuthetha ukuzinyamekela nokuzinceda uhlale usempilweni.
• Sikhuthaza abantu abafumana iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo kunye neentsapho zabo.
• Ezinye iindlela zonyango ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, iTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), nazo ziyasetyenziswa.

Ngaba i-PMHNP ingakunika amayeza?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. E-US, lonke ilizwe linegunya elithile lokunika amayeza kwi-PMHNPs. Kwezinye iindawo, banokunika amayeza ngaphandle kweliso lomnye ugqirha. Kwezinye iindawo, banokunika amayeza ngemvume yengcali yezengqondo okanye omnye ugqirha. ESri Lanka, banokufaka isandla ekunikezelweni kwamayeza kwizigulana phantsi kweliso lengcali yezengqondo okanye njengenxalenye yeqela.

Isebenza phi i-PMHNP?

I-PMHNP ingasebenza phantse kuyo nayiphi na indawo apho kufuneka khona iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo. Cinga ngeendawo ezinje ngezi:

• Iiyunivesithi kunye neekholeji
• Amaziko ezeMpilo yengqondo oLuntu
• Intolongo
• Iindawo ezibonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kumaxhoba odushe lwasekhaya
• Amaziko karhulumente
• Iiarhente zempilo zasekhaya
• Izibhedlele
• Iindawo zonyango lwengqondo ezilaliswayo
• Iikliniki zonyango oluphambili
• Iinkonzo zengqondo zabucala
• Amaziko ezeMpilo kaRhulumente
• Amaziko okulungisa imeko yokuhlala yabantu abasebenzisa iziyobisi
• Izibhedlele zezifo zengqondo zikarhulumente

"Khumbula ukuba nokuba uphi na, ukuba ufuna uncedo, kukho iindawo apho unokufumana khona iinkonzo ze-PMHNP."

Ungaba njani yi-PMHNP?

Olu luhambo olude kancinci. Ukuze ube yi-PMHNP, kufuneka uqale uye kwisikolo sabahlengikazi uze ube yi-Registered Nurse (RN). Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ugqibezele isidanga sabahlengikazi (i-ADN - i-Associate's Degree in Nursing okanye i-BSN - iBachelor of Science in Nursing). Ukuze ufaneleke njenge-RN, kufuneka uphumelele noviwo olufanelekileyo (olufana ne-NCLEX).

Emva koko, unokufumana amava athile kubuhlengikazi okanye ungene ngqo kwinkqubo yeMaster of Science in Nursing (MSN), eyindlela eya ekubeni yi-PMHNP. Ukuba sele unguMongikazi oQeqeshayo (NP), unokufumana nesatifikethi se-PMHNP. Ezi ziinkqubo zesatifikethi ezibonelela ngolwazi olongezelelekileyo kwicandelo lezempilo yengqondo.

Nokuba sele uyi-PMHNP, ungafumana iziqinisekiso ezikhethekileyo zokuqinisekisa ulwazi lwakho. Umzekelo, i-American Nurses Credentialing Center inikezela ngesatifikethi esifana ne-``PMHNP-BC (Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner - Board Certified)``.

Olu hambo luthatha iminyaka eliqela. Okokuqala, kuthatha iminyaka eliqela ukufumana isidanga se-BSN. Emva koko, kubalulekile ukufumana amava omsebenzi kwicandelo labahlengikazi ngaphambi kokungena kwinkqubo ye-NP. Iinkqubo ze-NP zinemida yexesha eyahlukileyo, ngoko ke kufuneka ukhethe leyo ikufaneleyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yezifo zengqondo kunye ne-PMHNP?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Iindima kunye noxanduva lwengcali yezifo zengqondo kunye ne-PMHNP ziyafana kakhulu.Zombini zibonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango, zinika amayeza, kwaye zilawula impilo yengqondo yezigulane.

Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zemfundo zala maqela mabini zahlukile kakhulu.

• Ingcali yezengqondo ngugqirha ofunde ubuncinane iminyaka emine kwisikolo sezonyango waza wafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo (ubudlelane) kwi-psychiatry.
• I-PMHNP ngumongikazi oqeqeshiweyo. Bagqibe inkqubo yobuhlengikazi ephucukileyo enezifundo zonyango lwengqondo emva kokufunda kwisikolo sobuhlengikazi. I-PMHNP inikezela ngeenkonzo zabo ngokusekelwe kwinkqubo yobuhlengikazi. Oku kuthetha ukuba bagxila kuzo zonke iinkalo zesigulana, kuquka iinkalo zomzimba, zengqondo, kunye nezentlalo, kwaye bazama ukubonelela ngononophelo olupheleleyo ngakumbi.

Ngamafutshane, bobabini ziingcali ezikunceda ngempilo yengqondo yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha basebenza njengeqela ukukunika inkonzo engcono kakhulu.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo obalulekileyo

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unengxaki yempilo yengqondo, ungabona i-PMHNP njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sonyango siphela. Aba banikezeli beenkonzo zempilo basebenzisa uqeqesho lwabo ukukunika uncedo olufunayo xa ulufuna. I-PMHNP lilungu elibalulekileyo leqela lakho lezonyango elisebenza ukukunika unyango olungcono.

"Musa ukubandezeleka yingxaki. Ungaze woyike ukucela uncedo. Iingcali zempilo yengqondo, kuquka ne-PMHNP, zikho ukukunceda."

Khumbula, impilo yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yomzimba, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuyinyamekela nokufumana uncedo xa ulufuna.

Impilo yengqondo , i-PMHNP, ugqirha wengqondo, umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo, isifo sengqondo, ingcebiso, amayeza, umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo