Usenokuba ukhe weva ngeSickle Cell Disease . Ngamafutshane, yimeko echaphazela indlela umzimba wethu ovelisa ngayo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi . Uyazi, ezi seli zibomvu zezo zithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi seli zisicaba, zingqukuva, kwaye ziguquguquka. Kodwa umntu onesifo se-sickle cell uba neeseli ezibomvu zegazi eziqinileyo, ezimile okwesickle. Ngoko ke, le milo ingaqhelekanga inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi zempilo, okanye ' iingxaki '. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ugqirha wakho unokunceda ekunyangeni uninzi lwezi ngxaki, aze athintele ezinye zazo. Masithethe ngayo nganye nganye.
Intlungu - yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo
Eyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo necaphukisayo yesifo se-sickle cell yintlungu . Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli ezimile okwesickle zinamathela kwimithambo yegazi emincinci. Cinga ngento eyenzekayo xa imoto enkulu inamathela kwindlela emxinwa. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo xa ezi seli zivala imithambo yegazi.
Le ntlungu idla ngokuvela emqolo ongezantsi, emilenzeni, ezingalweni, esiswini, okanye esifubeni. Ingavela ngequbuliso njengohlaselo olunzima (ingxaki okanye isiganeko). Kubantu abancinci nabadala, ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yintlungu yexesha elide.
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa uhlaselwa ziintlungu ngolu hlobo, ungafumana isiqabu ngeepilisi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu ezifana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen . Kodwa khumbula, unganiki i-aspirin nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba iintlungu zinzima, ugqirha unokukunika isithomalalisi sentlungu esinamandla esivela kwiqela le-opioid. Abanye abantu bade bafune ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango.
Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku kulandelayo ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa ezi ntlungu:
- Sela amanzi amaninzi.
- Kuphephe ubushushu obugqithisileyo nokubanda kakhulu.
- Musa ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, njengeendawo ezineentaba.
- Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiHydroxyurea linceda ekunciphiseni ukuphindaphindeka kwezi ntlungu kubantwana nakubantu abadala.
I-anemia
Le yenye ingxaki eqhelekileyo yesifo se-sickle cell. Kulapho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezimile okwesickle zifa ngokukhawuleza kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo.Ngoko ke umzimba awukwazi ukwenza iiseli ezintsha ngesantya esifanayo nesokufa kwazo. Ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani beoksijini efikelela kwiiseli zomzimba buyancipha, kwaye ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu, ubuthathaka, kwaye unesiyezi . Usenokuhlangabezana nezinto ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. Kumntwana, i-anemia inokubangela nokukhula okungalindelekanga.
Ukuba i-anemia imbi kakhulu, utofelo-gazi lunokufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, utofelo-gazi rhoqo lunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba esinyithi anyuke kwaye onakalise intliziyo, isibindi kunye nepancreas. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga amanqanaba akho esinyithi rhoqo ukunceda ukulawula la manqanaba. Kwabantu abadala, iyeza iHydroxyurea linokunceda nakwi-anemia.
| Ingxaki | Iimpawu eziphambili | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuhluthwa kweSplenic | Intlungu yesisu kwicala lasekhohlo, ukuphaphatheka, ukozela okugqithisileyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza. | Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. |
| Isifo Sesifuba Esibukhali | Umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukukhohlela. | Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu. Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. |
Izifo zosulelo kunye nezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo
Ukonyuka kokuchaphazeleka kusulelo
Abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, banamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo. Oku kungenxa yokuba esi sifo sonakalisa i-spleen . Uyazi, i-spleen sisitho esibalulekileyo esihluza iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya egazini lethu. Ngoko ke xa ingasebenzi kakuhle, usulelo lunokungena emzimbeni ngokulula.
Kubalulekile ukufumana unyango nokuba lolona sulelo luncinci ngaphambi kokuba lube yingozi. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-101°F (38.3°C), bona ugqirha okanye uye kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Ukuhluthwa kweSplenic
Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zesickle zivala ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwi-spleen. I-spleen iyadumba kwaye ibe buhlungu. Abanye abantwana basenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye banokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngobuthathaka, ulusu olukhanyayo kunye nemilebe, ukozela kakhulu, iintlungu kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo . Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza .
Isifo Sesifuba Esibukhali
Le yimeko enzulu kakhulu. Kulapho isifo se-sickle cell sivala khona imithambo yegazi emiphungeni. Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nokukhwehlela , yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Oogqirha banokukunika ioksijini, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, mhlawumbi notofelo-gazi.
Ezinye iingxaki zexesha elide
Isifo seSickle cell sinokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngamathambo (i-Avascular Necrosis): Xa igazi lihamba liye kumalungu amakhulu (njengesinqe) linqunyulwa, izicubu zamathambo ziqala ukufa. Oku kuqhelekile kubantu abancinci nabadala. Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu zinokubangela isiqabu, kodwa abanye abantu banokufuna utyando.
- Ukonakala kwamanye amalungu omzimba: Iingxaki zamehlo, intliziyo, izintso, nesibindi zingumngcipheko omkhulu wokuqhekeka kwegazi kunye nesifo sohlangothi. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha wakho eza kujonga rhoqo ukusebenza kwala malungu omzimba.
Ukufakelwa kweBone Marrow kunye noNyango lwanamhlanje
Kwabo bahlala behlangabezana neengxaki ezinzima, unyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-bone marrow transplant lunokucingelwa. Oku kuquka ukutshintsha iiseli ze-bone marrow ezivelisa i-sickle-cell ngeeseli eziphilileyo. Oku kunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo esi sifo.
Kodwa oku akuyonto inokwenziwa ngumntu wonke. Kufuneka ufumane umntu onikelayo osempilweni ofanelekileyo kwizicubu zakho. Kwakhona, ukuba uneengxaki zamalungu anjengentliziyo okanye izintso, olu tyando lunokuba yingozi. Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ixesha elide. Ngamanye amaxesha olu nyango lusenokungaphumeleli. Ke ngoko, usapho kufuneka luthethe nogqirha ngononophelo kwaye lugqibe ukuba olu nyango lufanelekile na kubo.
Ukongeza, kukho amayeza amatsha, afana neCrizanlizumab, anokunceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu. Buza ugqirha wakho ngale mithi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seSickle cell sisifo semfuza esitshintsha imilo yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana neentlungu, i-anemia, kunye nokonakala kwamalungu omzimba.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu, umkhuhlane, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuqaqamba okukhulu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
- Iingxaki ezininzi zinokulawulwa ngokusela amanzi amaninzi, ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni, kunye nokuthatha amayeza (afana neHydroxyurea) njengoko ugqirha wakho emyalele.
- Kubantwana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela usulelo ngokufumana zonke izitofu zokugonya ngexesha kwaye ubanike amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane imihla ngemihla.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nemeko yakho okanye yomntwana wakho, hlala uxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho. Ungaphila ngempumelelo nesi sifo ngaphandle koloyiko, ngokwaziswa.
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