Khawucinge nje, ukuba ubusazi kwangaphambili ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nesifo se-Alzheimer kwixesha elizayo, ubuya kwenza ntoni? Enyanisweni, singenza ntoni emva kokwazi into enjalo? Le yingxaki enkulu oogqirha nabaphandi abaninzi abajongene nayo namhlanje. Kutshanje, iqela labaphandi lifumanise ukuba malunga nama-20% abantu abafumana isifo se-Alzheimer banokuchongwa kwangethuba ngokujonga nje iijini zabo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuthetha ngale nto.
Yintoni le APOE4? Kutheni inxulunyaniswa nesifo sika-Alzheimer?
Ngamafutshane, le `APOE` yijini emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunceda ukuthutha amafutha afana ne -cholesterol egazini lethu. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zejini ye-`APOE`. Sifumana le jini, enye kumama wethu kwaye enye kutata wethu.
Uninzi lwabantu lunenguqulelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`APOE3`, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nenguqulelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`APOE4`.
- Ngokomyinge, malunga nama-20% abantu banekopi enye yejini ethi `APOE4`.
- Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-2% yabemi bafumana iikopi ezimbini ze-'APOE4' gene (kumama nakutata). Ngokwezonyango, aba bantu sibabiza ngokuba yi-'(APOE4 homozygotes)'.
Kudala kwaziwa ukuba abantu abaneekopi zombini ze-APOE4 gene basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sisifo se-Alzheimer's .
Uphando lwamva nje luthini?
Uphando lwakutshanje olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi lezonyango elidumileyo iNature Medicine luhlolisise oku nzulu ngakumbi. Bahlalutye idatha yezempilo yeengqondo ezinikelweyo ezingama-3,300 kunye nabantu abali-10,000.
Apho bafumene into emangalisayo: ama-95% abantu abaneekopi zombini ze-APOE4 gene babenezitshintsho (ii-biomarkers) ezinxulumene nesifo se-Alzheimer's ebuchotsheni babo okanye kulwelo lomzimba.
Olu tshintsho ludla ngokuqala malunga neminyaka engama-55 ubudala. Iimpawu zaqala malunga neminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Ekugqibeleni, isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo , ukwehla okukhulu kwenkumbulo kunye nobuchule bokucinga, safunyanwa malunga neminyaka engama-74 ubudala.
Ngamafutshane, abaphandi bathi ukuba neekopi ezimbini ze-APOE4 kuxhomekeke ngakumbi kunokuba 'kukwandisa umngcipheko.' Ukuba oku kuyinyani, isifo sika-Alzheimer sinokuba sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo emhlabeni.
Eyona nto ilungileyo ngale nto kukuba kwixesha elizayo, kusenokubakho ithuba lokuchonga nokunyanga abantu abanesifo sengqondo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
Ngoko ke, ngaba wonke umntu kufuneka abhale olu vavanyo?
Nantsi ke umbuzo obalulekileyo. Impendulo yile, hayi! Ngenxa yemeko yangoku, imibutho yezonyango ayicebisi olu vavanyo kubo bonke abantu, nokuba iimpawu zinjani na. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zaloo nto.
Qonda imida yolu phando
- Ubuzwe: Olu phando lwenziwe ikakhulu kubantu abamhlophe abazalwa eYurophu. Ngoko ke akukacaci ukuba ezi ziphumo zisebenza kangakanani kubantu belizwe lethu, oko kukuthi, abantu baseAsia.
- Uhlobo lwesampulu: Idatha iqokelelwe kubantu abathathe inxaxheba kuphando lwe-Alzheimer, ngoko ke banokuba nesimo sengqondo esahlukileyo kancinci kwesi sifo kunabantu ngokubanzi.
Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana iimpawu.
Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ethuthuzelayo . Uphando ngokwalo luthi ayinguye wonke umntu onezi kopi zombini ze-'APOE4' oye waba neempawu . Abanye abantu baphile ixesha elide bade bafikelele kwiminyaka yabo yama-80 bengenazo iimpawu ze-dementia. Kwakhona, ubudala apho iimpawu ziqala khona bunokwahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu.
| Iingenelo zokuthatha uvavanyo | Iingxaki kunye neengozi zokuthatha uvavanyo |
|---|---|
| Ungayazi ingozi kwangaphambili. | Kunokubakho uxinzelelo olukhulu kunye noxinzelelo. |
| Kukho isilingo esikhulu sokutshintsha indlela yokuphila (ukutya, ukusela, ukuzilolonga). | Iziphumo aziqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo. Akunakwenzeka ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba esi sifo siza kuvela okanye siza kuvela sineminyaka emingaphi. |
| Usenokufanelekela unyango olutsha okanye uphando kwixesha elizayo. | Okwangoku akukho nyango lusisigxina olunokuthintela esi sifo. |
| Iintsapho zinokufumana umbono othile ngomngcipheko wazo. | Izinto ezifana ne-inshurensi kunye nengqesho zinokuchaphazeleka kwixesha elizayo (imiba yokuziphatha). |
Ukuba ucinga ngolu vavanyo, yintoni omele uyenze?
Khawucinge ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-Alzheimer's kwaye ukhathazekile ngayo. Ukuba ucinga ngolu vavanyo lwe-'APOE4', nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule.
1. Musa ukumane ubhala uvavanyo: Musa ukumane ubhala olu hlobo lovavanyo ngenxa nje yokuba ufuna ukwazi. Lumka ngakumbi ngeemviwo ezi-odolwe kwi-intanethi.
2. Thetha nogqirha wakho: Okokuqala, thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ingcali yemithambo-luvo ngale nto. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngembali yosapho lwakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.
3. Ucebisi ngezofuzo lubalulekile : Ukuba uza kwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu, akufuneki kube yinto yokufumana ingxelo nje kuphela. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nomcebisi ngezofuzo okanye ugqirha ochwephesha koku ngaphambi nasemva koko. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba isiphumo sithetha ukuthini, indlela esiza kuyichaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho, kunye nendlela yokujongana nempembelelo yengqondo esiya kuba nayo.
4. Cinga ngezinto onokuzilawula: Asinakutshintsha ii-genes zethu. Kodwa zininzi izinto esinokuzilawula. Eyona nto ingcono esinokuyenza kukwamkela indlela yokuphila elungileyo kwimpilo yengqondo .
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo .
- Lala kamnandi ebusuku.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
- Yenza izinto ezifaka umngeni engqondweni (ukufunda iincwadi, ukusombulula iiphazili, ukufunda into entsha).
- Yiba nobuhlobo nabantu.
Omnye ugqirha onamava uthi, "Nditshintshe nolwimi endiluthethayo kwizigulana ngoku. Andikaze ndithi umntu 'unesifo.' Ndithi 'uphila notshintsho lwengqondo.'" Oku kubonisa indlela ithemba kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle ezibaluleke ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-gene ethi `APOE4` yeyona nto ibangela umngcipheko omkhulu wesifo se-Alzheimer, ingakumbi ukuba unekopi ezimbini zaso, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho.
- Nangona uphando lwakutshanje luqinisekisa ngakumbi olu nxibelelwano, uphando olongezelelweyo luyadingeka ukuze kuchongwe ukuba iziphumo zalo zihambelana kangakanani na nabantu bethu.
- Asinguye wonke umntu onale jini oza kuba nesi sifo. Kukho abantu abaluphala bengenazo iimpawu.
- Okwangoku, akukhuthazwa ukuba kuvavanywe rhoqo i-APOE4 kubantu abangenazo iimpawu.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga noku, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho, kuquka neengcebiso ngemfuza.
- Endaweni yokukhathazeka ngemfuza, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokwamkela indlela yokuphila enobuhlobo nobuchopho esinokuyilawula.
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