Xa uphefumla, ingakumbi xa ukhupha umoya, ngaba uyasiva isandi esiphantsi nesikhwazayo siphuma esifubeni sakho? Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo xa usiva esi sandi kunye nokukhwehlela kwakho? Abantu abaninzi baye bahlangabezana nale meko. Ngokwezonyango, sikubiza ngokuba 'kukuphefumla'. Esi sisandi esenzeka xa iindlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni yethu ziba ncinci ngesizathu esithile, zibangela ukuba umoya udlule kuzo . Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngento ebangela oku, indlela ugqirha akuxilonga ngayo, kunye nonyango lwako.
Ugqirha ufumana njani unobangela wokuphefumla?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza xa unesingxolo esifubeni esinje kukubona ugqirha. Kuba olu luphawu nje, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unobangela. Nazi ezinye zezinto ugqirha aza kuzenza xa ekubona.
1. Ukukubuza imibuzo:
Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho. Cinga ngokubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- "Iqale nini le ngxolo?"
- "Ngaba uziva ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, okanye ukuxinana esifubeni sakho kunye noku?"
- "Oku kunyuka nini? Xa utyhilwa luthuli? Xa kubanda? Xa uzilolonga ?"
- "Ngaba kukho umntu onesifo sesifuba kusapho lwakho?"
- "Ingaba oku kwenzeka emva kokutya ukutya okuthile? Okanye kwenzeka ngexesha elinye lonyaka (umzekelo, xa iintyatyambo zidubula)?"
Le mibuzo inganika ugqirha wakho umbono olungileyo wokuba unesifo sokunganyamezelani komzimba , isifo sesifuba , okanye enye ingxaki.
2. Uvavanyo lomzimba:
Emva koko, ugqirha uza kubeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho aze amamele ngononophelo. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde ukuba isandi sivela phi emaphashini akho kwaye sinzima kangakanani.
3. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo:
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi.
- I-Spirometry: Oku kubandakanya ukuphefumlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle kumatshini omncinci. Kunokulinganisa ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani kunye nokuba imincinci kangakanani na indlela yakho yomoya.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba : Oku kunceda ukubona ukuba kukho enye ingxaki, njengosulelo emiphungeni.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi: Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukujonga ukuba kukho usulelo okanye i-allergies.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Allergy: Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-allergy, ungafumana uvavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa oko.
Khumbula, kunokuba yingozi ukusela amayeza wedwa ngaphandle kokufumanisa unobangela wokuphefumla kwakho. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuphefumla?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuphefumla kwakho. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela kuqala. Nantsi ingqwalasela yonyango lwezizathu eziqhelekileyo.
Ukuba uphefumla ngenxa yesifo se-asthma
Isifo sesifuba sisifo apho iindlela zomoya ezikwimiphunga zidumba, zibe nobuthathaka, kwaye zinciphe lula. Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza afana nala ukunyanga esi sifo.
| Uhlobo lonyango | Kwenzeka ntoni kuyo? | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ii-inhaler ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza | Xa ukhwehlela okanye uxinene esifubeni, kuyandisa indlela yakho yomoya kwaye kunike isiqabu ngokukhawuleza. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Reliever' inhaler. | I-Albuterol (iVentolin), iLevalbuterol (iXopenex) |
| Ii-inhalers zokulawula | Ezi zisetyenziswa yonke imihla ukunciphisa ukudumba kwimibhobho yomoya nokulawula isifo sombefu. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Preventer'. | I-Beclomethasone (Qvar), i-Budesonide (iPulmicort), i-Fluticasone (iFlovent) |
| Ii-Inhalers eziDibeneyo | Oku kudibanisa zombini iyeza lokulawula kunye neyeza elisebenza ixesha elide elandisa iindlela zomoya. | I-Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), i-Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) |
| Iipilisi zoLawulo | Ukongeza kwii-inhalers, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa neepilisi ezinciphisa ukudumba kwindlela yomoya. | IMontelukast (Singulair), iZafirlukast (iAccolate) |
| Amayeza okubangela i-aleji (i-Antihistamines) | Ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba sibangelwa kukungezwani komzimba, unganikwa iipilisi zokulawula ukungezwani komzimba okanye izitshizi zeempumlo. | Iipilisi: Cetirizine (Zyrtec), Loratadine (Claritin) Izitshizi: I-Fluticasone (Flonase), i-Mometasone (Nasonex) |
Ukuba ukuphefumla kubangelwa lusulelo olufana ne-bronchitis
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa umkhuhlane uba mkhulu, usulelo lweendlela zomoya emiphungeni (i-Acute Bronchitis) lunokukhula. Ukuphefumla nokuphefumla kunokubakho. Oku kudla ngokuziphelela xa usulelo luphelile.
- Xa kunzima ukuphefumla: Ugqirha wakho angakunika i-inhaler esebenza ngokukhawuleza (umz. i-Albuterol) okwethutyana elifutshane ukukunceda ufumane isiqabu.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics azisoloko zinikwa kwiintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ii-antibiotics zinikwa kuphela ukuba unenye ingxaki yemiphunga okanye ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba olu gciwane lubangelwa yintsholongwane.
Yintoni omawuyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo?
Izinto ezinje ngobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye iinzipho zeminwe zizinto ezingxamisekileyo. Kwimeko ezinjalo, fowunela i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Apho, iqela lezonyango liza kukunika olu nyango lulandelayo ukuze likunike uncedo olukhawulezileyo.
| Unyango olungxamisekileyo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Inaliti ye-epinephrine | Ukuvula ngokukhawuleza iindlela zomoya ezixineneyo kakhulu. |
| Ukubonelela ngeoksijini | Ukugcina amanqanaba eoksijini afunekayo emzimbeni. |
| Iinaliti zeCorticosteroid | Ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukudumba okukhulu kwindlela yomoya. (umz. iMethylprednisolone) |
| Unyango lweNebulizer | Ukufutha ulwelo olunyangayo nokuluphefumla kunika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukudibanisa nomatshini wokuphefumla (iMechanical Ventilator) | Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukuba isigulana asikwazi ukuphefumla ngokwaso, ukuphefumla kunikwa ngoncedo lomatshini. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuphefumla luphawu, asisosifo. Kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela.
- Isifuba kunye ne-allergies zezona zinto zimbini zibangela ukuphefumla kancinci.
- Ukuba uphefumla kancinci, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye nesicwangciso sonyango.
- Imeko apho ukuphefumla kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye ilizwi livakala kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukuthetha yimeko engxamisekileyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Kuphephe ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yomnye umntu okanye ukuthatha amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Unyango oluya kulufumana luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho.
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