Ngaba amehlo akho omile? Isenokuba ibangelwa yiXerophthalmia!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe uzive ngathi amehlo akho omile, ngokungathi kukho into engaphakathi kuwo? Okanye ngaba kunzima ukubona ekukhanyeni okuphantsi ebusuku? Ezi zinto zingabonakala ngathi zizinto ezincinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zingaba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiXerophthalmia, esibangelwa kukungabikho kwevithamini A. Masifumane okungakumbi ngale nto namhlanje.

Yintoni iXerophthalmia? Ngamafutshane...

I-Xerophthalmia ithetha "iliso elomileyo." Kodwa ingaphezulu nje kwamehlo omileyo. Enyanisweni yingqokelela yeempawu ezichaphazela amehlo xa kungekho vithamini A yaneleyo emzimbeni. Ukunqongophala kwevithamini A kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: 1. Ukungafumani vithamini A eyaneleyo ekutyeni esikutyayo. 2. Nokuba sifumana ivithamini A, imizimba yethu ayinakuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo. Eyona nto iyingozi ngale meko kukuba inokukhokelela ekubeni ungaboni ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation, abantwana abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-250 kwihlabathi liphela banengxaki yokunqongophala kweVithamini A. Kwakhona, malunga nezigidi ezi-2.8 zabantwana banesifo seXerophthalmia. Eyona nto ibuhlungu kukuba, malunga nabantwana abangama-350,000 bayaba ziimfama minyaka le ngenxa yoku. Oko kuthetha ukuba, iXerophthalmia yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ubumfama phakathi kwabantwana.

Zithini ezi mpawu? Uzibona njani?

Iimpawu zeXerophthalmia zihlala zibonakala ngokulandelelana okuthile. Masibone ukuba zeziphi: 1. Ubumfama basebusuku / iNyctalopia: Le yenye yeempawu zokuqala. Usenokungakwazi ukubona kakuhle ebusuku, kwiindawo ezikhanyayo kancinci, umzekelo, kwindawo yokutyela, kwindawo yemiboniso bhanyabhanya, okanye xa izibane zikhanya kancinci ekhaya. Xa ngequbuliso usuka kwindawo ekhanyayo uye kwindawo emnyama, amehlo akho nawo athatha ixesha elide ukuqhelana nobumnyama. Khawuthelekelele ukuba bekuya kuba nzima kangakanani ukuba ubungenakubona kakuhle xa uhamba esitalatweni ebusuku. 2. I-Conjunctival Xerosis: I-membrane encinci egquma inxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho (iSclera) kunye nengaphakathi le-eyelid yakho ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Conjunctiva". KwiXerophthalmia, le "Conjunctiva" iba yomile. `(Xerosis)` ligama lezonyango elithetha ukoma. 3. Amabala eBitot: Kule ndawo, inxalenye emhlophe yeliso, edla ngokuba yinxantathu, kuvela amabala anegwebu, angwevu-silivere. La abizwa ngokuba yi-`(amabala eBitot)`. 4. Ukoma kwenwebu engaphambili yeliso elimnyama (i-Corneal xerosis): Eyona ndawo icacileyo nebaluleke kakhulu yeliso ephambi kweliso elimnyama ibizwa ngokuba yi-cornea. Ukoma kwe-cornea kukwaluphawu lwe-xerophthalmia. Enyanisweni, i-cornea yindawo ekufuneka ibe manzi. 5. Izilonda ze-cornea:Xa i-cornea yomile kwaye yonakele, inokuvela izilonda, njengemingxuma. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zizilonda ze-cornea. Le yimeko enzima. 6. Ukuthamba nokufiphala kwe-cornea (iKeratomalacia): Kulapho i-cornea iba thambile kwaye ibe namafu. Oku kunokubangela amanxeba kunye nobumfama obungapheliyo. I-Keratomalacia luhlobo olubi lwe-xerophthalmia. 7. I-Xerophthalmic fundus: I-retina yakho, inxalenye yeliso eqokelela ukukhanya, inokuvela izilonda kunye notshintsho kwisakhiwo.

Kutheni sifumana iXerophthalmia? Zithini izizathu?

Isizathu esiphambili soku kukungabikho kweVithamin A. IVithamin A ibalulekile ekuboneni kwethu ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: ukufuma kunye nombala.

• Ukuze ufumane umswakama: IVithamini A ibalulekile ekugcineni i-cornea yethu imanzi kwaye ivelise umswakama ofunekayo. Ukuba i-cornea yomile, inokonakala kwaye ikhokelele ekubeni yimfama.
• Kwimibala: I-Vitamin A ikwafuneka ukuvelisa imibala ethile efunekayo kwi-retina yethu ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Xa i-vitamin A inganelanga, amandla okuvelisa le mibala ayancipha. Ngokukodwa, oku kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweentonga, ezisinceda sibone ebumnyameni. Yiyo loo nto umbono wasebusuku uncipha.

Ukunqongophala kweVithamini A kwenzeka xa singafumani iVithamini A eyaneleyo ekutyeni esikutyayo, okanye imizimba yethu ingakwazi ukusebenzisa iVithamini A ngokufanelekileyo. Le meko ixhaphakile kumazwe asakhasayo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana, ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezondlo ezibalulekileyo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, xa ubona ugqirha, kusenokwenzeka ukuba akwenze uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze afumanise imeko.

• Imbali epheleleyo yezonyango : Ugqirha uza kukubuza malunga nokutya kwakho kunye nemikhwa yakho yempilo .
• Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo: Amehlo omabini ahlolwe kakuhle.
• Iimpawu zeklinikhi: Ugqirha uza kuvavanya iimpawu zamehlo akho (umz., i-cataracts, ukoma).
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokulinganisa inqanaba levithamini A egazini.
• Uvavanyo lokujonga ebusuku kunye novavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nobumnyama:Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ubona kakuhle kangakanani ekukhanyeni okuphantsi nasebumnyameni, kunye nokuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani amehlo akho ukuqhelana nobumnyama.
• I-Impression cytology: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo ehlola isampuli yeeseli ezithathwe kumphezulu weliso (conjunctiva).
• I-Electroretinogram (ERG): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa indlela amehlo akho asabela ngayo ekukhanyeni.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Ukunyanga le meko kulula kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba iqatshelwe kwangethuba.

• Izongezo zeVithamin A: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika iipilisi zeVithamin A okanye isiraphu.
• Iinyembezi zokwenziwa: Kuthiwa ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukoma emehlweni.
• Ii-antibiotics ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi: Ukuba kukho uhlobo oluthile losulelo, unokunikwa i-antibiotic ointment.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha iVithamin A njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Kuba ukuthatha iVithamin A eninzi kunokuba yingozi emzimbeni.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukunciphisa uphuhliso lwe-xerophthalmia?

Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuthintela oku kukubandakanya ukutya okunevithamini A eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwethu. Nazi ezinye zezo zinto zokutya:

• Imifuno eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: ispinatshi, ikale, imifuno eluhlaza, njl. Ikale nayo ilungile.
• Iziqhamo ezimthubi nezoorenji: Iziqhamo ezifana nepapaya, imango, kunye neorenji.
• Imifuno emthubi: ithanga, iminqathe, iitapile ezimnandi, iibhithi.
• Isibindi: Isibindi sesilwanyana sityebile kwi-vitamin A.
• Umpakathi weqanda .
• Iioyile zesibindi seentlanzi: Umzekelo, ioyile yesibindi se-cod.
• Ukutya okuqinisiweyo: Ezinye iipowder zobisi kunye neenkozo ziqiniswe ngevithamini A.

Oogqirha bajonga abantu abaswele ivithamin A xa bebanika izongezo zokutya, kuba ivithamin A eninzi inokuba yingozi.

Kuthekani ukuba une-Xerophthalmia?

Le meko inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto iindaba ezimnandi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayinyangwa, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokungaboni. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu.

Sifanele siye kugqirha nini ngale nto?

Ukuba ubona into engathandekiyo okanye utshintsho kwindlela obona ngayo, nokuba yinto encinci nje njengamehlo omileyo,Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ugqirha wakho okanye womntwana wakho uza kuhlola amehlo akho nolusu lwakho ngexesha lokuhlolwa rhoqo. Baza kukwazi ukubona naluphi na ukoma eluswini nasemehlweni akho. Ugqirha unokubona ezinye zezinguquko emehlweni akho ezinokubangelwa kukunqongophala kwevithamini A. Baza kubuza nangokutya kwakho kunye neendlela zokutya zomntwana wakho baze bakunike iingcebiso.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweXerophthalmia kunye neKeratomalacia?

Ngamafutshane, iXerophthalmia liqela lezifo zamehlo ezibangelwa kukunqongophala kweVithamini A. IKeratomalacia, eyinto ethamba i-cornea, yimeko ekwiqela leXerophthalmia. Oko kukuthi, iKeratomalacia yinxalenye yeXerophthalmia.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweXerophthalmia kunye neXerostomia?

Umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini kukuba zithetha ngokoma kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

• I-Xerophthalmia ithetha amehlo omileyo.
• I-Xerostomia ithetha umlomo owomileyo.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa uneempawu zamehlo. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu ezinjalo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko efana neXerophthalmia, iipilisi zeVithamin A zisisombululo esilula. Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo. I-World Health Organisation kunye neminye imibutho emininzi yenza umsebenzi omhle ekupheliseni ukunqongophala kweVithamin A kumazwe asakhasayo. Oku kukunciphisa ubumfama kunye nezifo ezinokuthintelwa ebantwaneni. Ngoko ke, masiqaphele oku kwaye sinyamekele isondlo sethu nesabantwana bethu.