Kunzima ukuchaza uvuyo oluvayo xa ufumanisa ukuba uza kuba nomntwana. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci ngaxeshanye. Uzibuza, "Ngaba umntwana wam uza kuba sempilweni?", "Ngaba ndiza kuba neengxaki?". Kulapho uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa , olwaziwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa, luza kuba luncedo khona. Olu vavanyo lunokubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nempilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho ongekazalwa.
Zithini iimvavanyo zokukhulelwa?
Ngamafutshane, olu luluhlu lweemvavanyo ezenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba wena nomntwana wakho nisempilweni. Ezinye zezi mvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa kubo bonke abafazi abakhulelweyo. Ezinye zenziwa kuphela xa kukho umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho abe nesifo sofuzo okanye isiphene sokuzalwa.
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zempilo ezilungileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho, ngaphambi nasemva kokubeleka.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba iziphumo zovavanyo ezibonisa ukuba umntwana unesifo azithethi ukuba unesifo. Ngoko ke, ungaze woyike wedwa. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze uqonde ukuba iziphumo zithetha ukuthini kanye kanye.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa ngumntu wonke?
Ukususela ngomhla ofumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe kude kube ngumhla wokuzalwa komntwana wakho, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukujonga impilo yakho. Uninzi lwalo lwenziwa kusetyenziswa iisampuli zegazi nomchamo.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Ujonge ntoni kwaye kutheni? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi |
|
| Uvavanyo lomchamo | Khangela iimpawu zeemeko ezinje ngosulelo lomchamo kunye ne-preeclampsia (imeko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa). |
| Iskena se-Ultrasound | Olu vavanyo, olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yomntwana wakho kunye nesibeleko sakho, ludla ngokwenziwa ubuncinane kabini.
|
| Uvavanyo lweStrep lweQela B | Kwinyanga engaphambi kokuzalwa komntwana, i-vagina iyahlolwa ukuba ayinayo na le ntsholongwane. Ukuba ikhona, unyango lunikwa ukuthintela usulelo kumntwana. |
Uvavanyo oluKhethekileyo lweMfuzo (Uvavanyo lweMfuzo ngaphambi kokuzalwa)
Olu luhlobo lovavanyo oluyoyikwa ngoomama abaninzi, kodwa lubaluleke kakhulu. Lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba umntwana usemngciphekweni wokuba nesifo sofuzo okanye isiphene sokuzalwa, njengeDown syndrome.
Olu vavanyo alunyanzelekanga kuye wonke umntu, kodwa ugqirha wakho unokulucebisa koomama abakumaqela alandelayo omngcipheko:
- Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala
- Ukuba umntwana wangaphambili wayenesifo sofuzo okanye isiphene sokuzalwa
- Ukuba wena okanye utata womntwana wakho unembali yosapho enezifo zofuzo
- Ukuba ukhe waphunyelwa zizisu ngaphambili okanye wazala umntwana oswelekileyo
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lwemfuza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lo mahluko.
1. Uvavanyo lokuhlola: Olu vavanyo lukuxelela kuphela ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba nesifo esithile. Oku akuthethi ukuba umntwana unesifo.Akukaqinisekiswa. Ezi zikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, zihlala zenziwa njengovavanyo lwegazi okanye iskeni.
2. Uvavanyo lokuxilonga: Ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlola lubangela imeko enomngcipheko ophezulu, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ngokuqiniseka okupheleleyo ukuba umntwana unale meko okanye akanayo . Olu vavanyo lunomngcipheko omncinci.
Ziziphi iintlobo zovavanyo lokuhlola?
- Uvavanyo oluDibeneyo (phakathi kweeveki ezili-11-14): Oku kuquka ukudibanisa i-ultrasound scan (i-NT scan elinganisa ubukhulu besikhumba ngasemva kwentamo yomntwana) kunye novavanyo lwegazi oluvela kumama ukuze kubalwe umngcipheko weemeko ezifana ne-Down syndrome.
- Uvavanyo lwe-DNA ye-fetal engenaseli (NIPT): Olu luvavanyo lwegazi oluphucuke kancinci. Lukhangela iziqwenga ze-DNA yosana egazini likamama kwaye lunokubona ngokuchanekileyo umngcipheko weengxaki ze-chromosome ezifana ne-Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), i-Trisomy 18, kunye ne-Trisomy 13.
- Uvavanyo lokuHlola oluphindwe kathathu/kane (phakathi kweeveki ezili-15-22): Olu luvavanyo lwegazi lukamama. Luvavanya umngcipheko ngokujonga amanqanaba eehomoni kunye neeproteni ezivela kumntwana nakwi-placenta.
Ziziphi iintlobo zovavanyo lokuxilonga?
Ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlola lubonisa umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho uya kuthetha nawe aze agqibe ukuba ngaba kufuneka wenze olunye lwalo vavanyo.
- I-Amniocentesis: Kule nto, kufakwa inaliti encinci kakhulu ngesisu sakho kwisibeleko sakho, phantsi kwesikhokelo seskeni, kwaye kuthathwa isampuli encinci yolwelo lwe-amniotic olujikeleze umntwana. Oku kunokuvavanywa ukuze kuchongwe ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki zemfuza.
- I-Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwi-placenta uze ulivavanye. Oku kungenziwa nangenaliti esiswini okanye kwi-vaginal.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngezi mvavanyo zokuxilonga?
Ewe, zombini ezi mvavanyo zinomngcipheko omncinci kodwa ongenakuphepheka. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela kakuhle ezi ngozi ngaphambi kokuba azenze.
| Umngcipheko onokwenzeka | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuma kwesisu | Oku kuyenzeka ngokungaqhelekanga (ngaphantsi kwe-1%). Le ngozi iyancipha ngakumbi xa isenziwa ngugqirha onamava. |
| Usulelo | Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokosuleleka nanini na xa inaliti idlula eluswini. |
| Ukopha | Kuqhelekile ukuba ithontsi elincinci legazi liphume kwindawo yokufaka inaliti, kodwa kunqabile kakhulu ukuba igazi liphume kakhulu. |
| Ukuvuza kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal | Nangona kudla ngokubakho ukuvuza okuncinci, akuchaphazeli ukukhulelwa. |
Wenza ntoni xa ufumana iziphumo?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Xa ufumana ingxelo yovavanyo, ungothuswa ngamagama namanani akulo. Ukuba uvavanyo lovavanyo luthi 'Umngcipheko Omkhulu', akuthethi ukuba umntwana unesifo, kuthetha nje ukuba umngcipheko uphezulu kwaye kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthatha ingxelo uze uye ngqo kugqirha wakho. Uza kukuchazela intsingiselo yeziphumo, into omawuyenze emva koko, kunye neendlela onokukhetha kuzo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, baza kukuthumela kumcebisi wezofuzo.
Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha
- Kutheni ndicelwa ukuba ndibhale olu vavanyo?
- Zithini kanye kanye ezi ziphumo?
- Zichane kangakanani ezi mvavanyo?
- Ndingenza ntoni ngeziphumo?
- Zithini iingozi zolu vavanyo?
- Ngaba ezi mvavanyo zingenziwa esibhedlele sikarhulumente? Okanye kufuneka zenziwe ngasese? Zibiza malini?
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa lubonelela ngolwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nempilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zovavanyo: uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa ngumntu wonke kunye novavanyo lwemfuza olwenziwa kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo.
- Uvavanyo lokuhlola lubonisa kuphela 'umngcipheko' wesifo. Uvavanyo lokuchonga luqinisekisa ukuba isifo sikho okanye asikho.
- Uvavanyo olufana ne-amniocentesis kunye ne-CVS lunomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuphuma kwesisu, ngoko ke lwenziwa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko ngokwenene.
- Ungaze wenze izigqibo wedwa okanye woyike xa ufumana ingxelo yovavanyo. Soloko uxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.
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