Uma sigula noma sinenkinga, imithi iyinto ebalulekile ukuze siyiqede, akunjalo? Insizakalo enikezwa yimithi ezimpilweni zethu inhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, le mithi esiyithathayo ngenxa yenhlalakahle yethu ingaba nomthelela omubi emizimbeni yethu, okungukuthi, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukungezwani komzimba nemithi . Nakuba abantu abaningi besaba leli gama uma belizwa, uma siliqonda kahle, singaliphatha kahle leli gama.
Kalula nje, ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba, luphambanisa into engeyona ingozi (kulokhu, umuthi) nesitha esikhulu. Cabanga ukuthi sinamasosha ambalwa okuphepha emzimbeni wethu. Kufana nokuthi la masosha aphatha kabi umuntu onobungane kakhulu njengesitha bese eqala ukumhlasela. Umzimba ube usukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali afana ne-'histamine' ukulwa naleso "sitha". Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
Ziyini izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba?
Kuvamile ukuthi sibhekane nezinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu lapho sithatha imithi. Akuzona zonke lezi zinto ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba. Sizibiza ngokuthi "imiphumela emibi." Kodwa uma kuyi-allergy yangempela, izimpawu zihlukile kancane. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwalokhu okubili.
| Uhlobo oluyisici | Izimpawu nezimpawu ezivamile |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela Kwangempela Kokungezwani Nomzimba |
|
| Umphumela Ovamile Wemithi |
Isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Anaphylaxis
Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungezwani komzimba kungaba kubi kakhulu. Sikubiza ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esingasongela impilo. Kulesi simo, kungase kube nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula
- Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Isiyezi (vertigo) kanye nokuquleka
- Ukungaphumuli okukhulu nokudideka
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Isicanucanu kanye nesifo sohudo
Okubaluleke kakhulu: I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo. Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kufanele uhambise isiguli eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze ngokushesha.
Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngezinye izikhathi zingaqala ngokushesha ngemva kokuthatha umuthi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingavela emahoreni, ezinsukwini, noma ngisho namasonto kamuva. Futhi, abanye abantu bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba okokuqala lapho bethatha umuthi, kanti abanye bangase babe nokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokuwuthatha izikhathi eziningana. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngokuzumayo ube nokungezwani komzimba nomuthi osuwuthathe iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Yimiphi imithi ebangela ukungezwani komzimba kakhulu?
Eqinisweni, noma ubani angaba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba kunoma yimuphi umuthi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi kokubili imithi kadokotela kanye nemithi etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Kodwa-ke, kuneminye imithi engaba nomthelela omkhulu ekubangeleni ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba kuneminye.
- I-penicillin kanye neminye imithi elwa namagciwane ekilasini layo yimithi evame kakhulu ukubangela ukungezwani komzimba emhlabeni.
- Imithi ye-sulfa
- Ama-Barbiturates ( imithi esetshenziselwa izimo ezifana nokulala kanye nesifo sokuwa)
- Imithi yokulwa nokuquleka : Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-'carbamazepine' kanye ne-'phenytoin'.
- Izibulali-zinhlungu: Imithi efana ne-aspirin ne-ibuprofen.
- Ama-ACE Inhibitors: Imithi efana ne-'captopril' kanye ne-'enalapril', esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Amadayi okuhlukanisa: Amadayi akhethekile afakwa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okufana nama-X-ray nama-MRI.
- Eminye imithi yezitshalo ngisho neye-Ayurvedic ingaba nolaka kwabanye abantu.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu kuyi-allergy yezidakamizwa?
Uma usola ukuthi une-allergy yezidakamizwa, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wakho bese ukhuluma ngakho. Uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha.
Tshela udokotela wakho lezi zinto ngokucacile:
- Lithini igama lomuthi owuphuzile?
- Uke waba nanoma yikuphi ukungezwani komzimba neminye imithi noma ukudla ngaphambili?
- Izimpawu zaqala nini?
- Ingabe kube khona izinguquko kulezo zici?
- Ingabe kukhona okwenzile ukunciphisa izimpawu?
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-allergy ku-antibiotic efana ne-penicillin, angenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ukuqinisekisa. Uma une-reaction enkulu yesikhumba, angenza nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukuthi izitho zakho zangaphakathi zisebenza kanjani nokufunda kabanzi mayelana ne-allergy.
Kodwa khumbula, akuyona yonke imithi engahlolwa ukuze kuhlolwe isikhumba. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi ukwenza kanjalo. Uma uke waba nokusabela okubi kakhulu, okusongela ukuphila ngomuthi, udokotela wakho ngeke aphinde akunike lowo muthi. Bazokunikeza omunye umuthi.
Uphatha kanjani i-allergy?
Umgomo wokuqala ukulawula izimpawu zakho.
- Ama-antihistamine kanye ne -corticosteroids ngezinye izikhathi anganikezwa izimpawu ezifana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, i-eczema, kanye nokulunywa.
- Uma kukhona ukukhwehlela nokuminyana kwamaphaphu, kunganikezwa ama-bronchodilator (ama-inhalers) avula indlela yokuphefumula.
- Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njenge -anaphylaxis , kufanele kunikezwe umjovo we- epinephrine ngokushesha. Kunemishini efana ne-EpiPen yalokhu. Ngisho noma umjovo unikezwa futhi izimpawu ziyancipha, isiguli kufanele nakanjani siyiswe e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).
Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela basebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-desensitization . Lokhu kuhilela ukujova umzimba ngomthamo omncane kakhulu womuthi owuzwelayo (njenge-penicillin) bese ukhulisa umthamo kancane kancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amasosha omzimba ajwayela umuthi. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela isetshenziswa kuphela uma kungekho ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kwalesi sifo.
Uma nginesifo sokungezwani komzimba, ngingakulungela kanjani?
Uma wazi ukuthi une-allergy emuthini othile, qiniseka ukuthi uyazicabangela lezi zinto.
1. Khumbula igama lomuthi:Khumbula kokubili igama lomkhiqizo lomuthi wokungezwani komzimba kanye negama elijwayelekile lomuthi oyinhloko okuwo. Isibonelo, i-Panadol igama lomkhiqizo, i-Paracetamol igama elijwayelekile.
2. Yazisa wonke umhlinzeki wezempilo: Tshela udokotela wakho, udokotela wamazinyo, noma udokotela ohlinzayo mayelana nokungezwani komzimba kwakho ngaphambi kokuthola noma yikuphi ukwelashwa.
3. Gqoka ithegi yokuzazisa: Gcina ikhadi esikhwameni sakho elinohlu lwezinto ezikubangela ukungezwani komzimba. Uma kungenzeka, ukugqoka isongo noma isongo esikhethekile esikukhulumayo kungaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu esimweni esiphuthumayo.
4. Lungela izimo eziphuthumayo: Uma unomlando wokungezwani komzimba okukhulu, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ephuthumayo, njenge-EpiPen. Uma kunjalo, hlala uphethe ama-EpiPens amabili bese ufunda ukuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma uzwa ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, noma ukuvuvukala ngemva kokuthatha umuthi, kungaba yi-allergy. Ungesabi, kodwa yazisa udokotela wakho ngakho.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinzima (i-anaphylaxis) njengobunzima bokuphefumula, isiyezi, noma ukuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Thatha isiguli ngokushesha siye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze.
- Bhala phansi amagama aqondile emithi onayo (kokubili igama lomkhiqizo kanye negama lomuthi oyinhloko). Tshela bonke odokotela nodokotela wamazinyo obabonayo ngakho.
- "Imiphumela emibi" kanye "nokungezwani komzimba" kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngomehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili futhi ube nolwazi oluphelele.
- Uma unikezwe i-EpiPen, yigcine nawe njalo futhi ube nolwazi oluhle ngendlela efanele yokuyisebenzisa.
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