Ingabe umuntu oseduze nawe une-Asperger's Syndrome? Ake sixoxe ngayo!

Cishe uke wezwa igama elithi 'Asperger's Syndrome'. Mhlawumbe uyakhumbula umngane, ilungu lomndeni, noma othile omaziyo enalesi simo. Kodwa ubuwazi, odokotela abasalisebenzisi kakhulu leli gama. Kunalokho, basebenzisa igama elihlukile. Ake sixoxe ngalo ngemininingwane ethe xaxa namuhla, kalula kakhulu, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Iyini i-'Asperger's Syndrome'? Kwenzekani manje?

Kalula nje, ngaphambi kuka-2013, odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi 'Asperger's Syndrome' njengohlobo lwe-autism. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngaleso sikhathi, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kuyisimo esihlukile kancane, mhlawumbe "esithambile" kune-autism. Kodwa-ke, ngolwazi olusha kwisayensi yezokwelapha, kokubili 'Asperger' kanye 'ne-autism' manje sekuhlanganiswe ngaphansi kwesigaba esifanayo esibanzi. Ibizwa ngokuthi 'Autism Spectrum Disorder' ( ASD ). Ngakho-ke, 'Asperger' ayisasetshenziswa njengokuxilongwa okuhlukile. Ezimweni eziningi, abantu ababetholakale beno-'Asperger' ngaphambilini manje odokotela babiza bona ngokuthi bane-'level-one autism'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi badinga ukwesekwa okuncane kakhulu ukuze basebenze empilweni yabo yansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abantu abafanayo. Abanye abantu abane-Asperger's bangadinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kunabanye. Uma wake watholakala une-Asperger's ngaphambilini, ungase uzithole une-Asperger's. Abanye abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "aspie" ukuchaza ubuwena babo. Akukho lutho olungalungile ngalokho. Odokotela bashintshe igama ngesizathu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezici namakhono ngaphakathi kwe-autism spectrum. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwe-ASD kuyaguquguquka ngokwanele ukunikeza ukwesekwa okufaneleka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye ku-spectrum.

Yiziphi izici ezibonakala ku-'Asperger's?

Lapho iqala ukutholakala njenge-'Asperger', kwacatshangelwa amaqembu amathathu amakhulu ezimpawu. Lezi yizimpawu ezifanayo ezibonakala kubantu abane-ASD, kodwa ubukhali bungahluka.

1. Ubunzima ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo

Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi kuvela izinkinga ezincane lapho kukhulunywa nabanye abantu futhi kugcinwa ubudlelwano. Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela,

• Ubunzima bokubheka emehlweni: Ungase ube nokungathandi noma ubunzima bokubheka emehlweni uma ukhuluma nothile.
• Ubunzima bokusebenzisa ubuso nolimi lomzimba: Bangase bangabi nasithakazelo kangako ekuboniseni lokho abakuzwayo ngobuso babo, noma ukuveza imicabango yabo ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zomzimba nolimi lomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokwakha ubudlelwano nontanga:Kungazwakala kunzima kancane ukwenza abangane, ukudlala nabo, nokukhuluma nabo .
• Ukuntuleka kwentshisekelo yokwabelana ngezinto abazithola zijabulisa nabanye: Bangase bangabi nentshisekelo yokutshela abanye ngethoyizi labo abalithandayo noma ikhathuni abalibukele.
• Ubunzima bokuzibandakanya ekuxhumaneni nabantu, njengokuxhumana nabantu njalo: Uma umuntu ebuza umbuzo, ungase ube nobunzima bokuwuphendula bese umbuza omunye umbuzo, bese uqhubeka nengxoxo.

2. Izinguquko ekuxhumaneni

Ungabona umehluko endleleni esikhuluma futhi sikhulumisana ngayo.

• Ubunzima bokuqala nokuqhubeka nengxoxo: Ukuqala ingxoxo ngesihloko noma ukuqhubeka nengxoxo uma usuqalile kungaba yinselele encane.
• Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kwemisho ethile: Igama noma umusho ofanayo ungase uphindwe kaningi. Kungaba umusho ovela ohlelweni lwe-TV, noma kungaba umusho osuzenzele wona.
• Ukuntuleka kokudlala okuzenzisayo okuhambisana nobudala: Kungase kube nokuncipha kokudlala okuzenzisayo , njengokuthi "ukudlala udokotela" kanye "nokudlala isikole," njengezinye izingane.

3. Izintshisekelo kanye nokuziphatha okulinganiselwe, okuphindaphindayo noma okungaqondakali

Lokhu kuhilela ukubonisa isithakazelo esinamandla ezintweni ezithile, noma ukuphinda ukuziphatha okuthile.

• Intshisekelo enamandla ngokungavamile ezihlokweni ezithile: Isibonelo, ungase ube nesifiso sokwazi ngezitimela, ama-dinosaur, noma izinombolo. Le ntshisekelo ingaba namandla kakhulu kunezinye.
• Kudingeka balandele imikhuba eqinile: Bacabanga ukuthi konke kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kungaba nzima kubo ukuzisingatha.
• Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe (ukushukumisa): Ungenza izinto ezinjengokubhakuzisa izandla zakho, ukunyakazisa iminwe yakho, ukunyakazisa emuva naphambili, noma ukwenza umsindo ofanayo. Lokhu kuthiwa kuyabasiza ukuthi behlise umoya.
• Ukuthakaselwa yizingxenye zento: Ungase unake kakhulu ingxenye yento kunokunaka yonke into, njengokubuka amasondo emoto yokudlala noma ukubuka ifeni ijikeleza.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi zonke lezi zici zikhona kuzo zonke i-`( ASD)Akuwona wonke umuntu onaso ozoba naso. Futhi, ubukhulu balezi zimpawu buyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu.

Isifo sika-Asperger satholakala kanjani esikhathini esidlule?

Ngokusho kwencwadi yokuqondisa eyayisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi, ebizwa ngokuthi ``DSM-IV-TR'' (lena inguqulo endala ye ``DSM-V-TR''), umuntu kwakudingeka ahlangabezane nazo zonke lezi zindlela ezilandelayo ukuze atholakale ene-'Asperger's':

• Kumelwe kube nezici okungenani ezimbili ezivela esigabeni sokuxhumana nabantu.
• Okungenani isici esisodwa esivela esigabeni sezintshisekelo nokuziphatha okukhawulelwe/okuphindaphindayo/okungaguquki kumele sibe khona.
• Kungase kube nezici ezithile ezivela esigabeni sokuxhumana.
• Lezi zimpawu kufanele zenze kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke (njengokufunda nokwenza abangane).
• Akunakuba khona ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni kwengqondo ('amakhono okuqonda') noma amakhono okuzivumelanisa nezimo ('amakhono okuqonda okuzivumelanisa nezimo').
• Akufanele kube nokubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni kolimi kwasekuqaleni (`izinyathelo zokuqala zolimi`). (Okusho ukuthi, kufanele bakwazi ukukhuluma igama elilodwa ngeminyaka emi-2 kanye nemisho ngeminyaka emi-3).
• Akuhlangabezani nezindinganiso zesinye isifo sokuthuthukiswa esisakazekile noma i-schizophrenia .

Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga i-Asperger's ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu baxilongwe sebekhulile. Uma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usesigabeni se-autism, akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okuhlukile kwe-'Asperger's'?

Akusekho ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-Asperger's. Akusekho ukuhlolwa odokotela abakusebenzisayo. Ungase ukwazi ukuthola "izivivinyo" ku-inthanethi ezisekelwe emibuzweni odokotela ababeyisebenzisa esikhathini esidlule. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukusho ukuthi ulwazi abalunikezayo lunembile noma lusesikhathini kangakanani. Ukuze uthole iseluleko esinembile kakhulu, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela. Kulezi zinsuku, odokotela bezingane bahlola izingane ezincane i-ASD ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwabo kwemithombo. Uma uyisa ingane yakho emtholampilo, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzokunikeza ifomu ozoligcwalisa bese ekhuluma nawe ngalokho okukuyo. Uma bebona izimpawu ze-ASD, bazokudlulisela kuchwepheshe ukuze bahlolwe futhi baxoxe kabanzi.

Yini ebangela i-Asperger's (manje eyi-ASD)?

Ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-ASD, kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi ibangelwa inhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo kanye nezici zemvelo.Lesi simo siyenzeka. Zonke izimo ezifana ne-Asperger's manje eziwela ngaphansi kwesambulela se-ASD zibizwa ngokuthi izifo ze-neurodevelopmental. Ukuba nesifo se-neurodevelopmental kusho ukuthi kunezinguquko ezithile endleleni ubuchopho bakho obusebenza ngayo . Lezi zinguquko zingenza indlela ocabanga ngayo, oziphatha ngayo, noxhumana ngayo nomhlaba okuzungezile ihluke kancane kwabanye abantu.

Ingabe izakhi zofuzo zika-Asperger?

Yebo. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi izinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zidlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-ASD. Lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo zivame ukudluliselwa kusuka emndenini kuya emndenini (okungukuthi, ezizuzwe njengefa). Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe akekho emndenini one-ASD, ingane esanda kuzalwa isengathuthukisa lezi zinguquko zezakhi zofuzo.

Okudingeka ukwazi ngokwelashwa kwe-Asperger's (ASD)

I-ASD iyisifo sobuchopho, hhayi isifo. Ngakho-ke, odokotela "abayilaphi". Kunalokho, batusa ukwesekwa kanye nokwelashwa ukuze kukusize ubhekane nezinselele obhekene nazo empilweni yakho yansuku zonke. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, futhi wena nodokotela wakho ningasebenzisana ukuze ninqume ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni amakhono okuxhumana. Ukwelashwa komsebenzi kungakusiza wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke, njengokugqoka nokudla. Ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu kungakusiza ukuthi uzwane nabanye futhi wenze abangane. Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi inganikezwa ukusiza ekuphatheni izinkinga zokuziphatha, kodwa ayilungele wonke umuntu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amagama ezokwelapha ahluke kangakanani, unelungelo lokukhetha amagama onomuzwa wokuthi angcono ukuchaza ukuthi ungubani. Abekho abantu ababili abane-'Asperger' noma '(ASD)' abafanayo. Njengoba nje kungekho ababili kithi abafanayo ngokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, khetha ulimi olukusebenzelayo. Uma umazi umuntu one-'(ASD)', hlonipha ukukhetha kwalowo muntu ukusebenzisa ulimi.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Asperger's Syndrome ayiseyona isifo esisetshenziswa odokotela. Kunalokho, manje isifakiwe esigabeni esibanzi se-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
• Wonke umuntu one-ASD uhlukile. Amakhono akhe, izinselele, kanye nezidingo zakhe kuhlukile.
• Nakuba imbangela eqondile ye-ASD ingakatholakali, kukholelwa ukuthi izici zofuzo kanye nezemvelo zidlala indima.
• I-ASD akuyona inkinga "eyelaphekayo". Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwa okufanele, ukwelashwa, nokuqonda, abantu abane-ASD bangaphila impilo ephumelelayo nejabulisayo.
• Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enezimpawu ze-ASD,Kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma kusheshe kutholakale, kulapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi uthole ukwesekwa okudingekayo.
• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubheka abantu abane-ASD ngokuqonda nangomusa. Kungumthwalo wethu ukuhlonipha ukungezwani kwabo nokubasekela.

Ungakhohlwa, awuwedwa. Kunezindlela eziningi zokufunda nge-ASD nokuthola ukwesekwa. Ungesabi ukuyihlola.

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I-Asperger's, i-autism, i-ASD, izinkinga zentuthuko ye-neurological, amakhono okuxhumana nabantu, ubunzima bokuxhumana, intuthuko yengane