Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi uphelelwe amandla uma usesimeni sokuxhumana nabantu noma uma ukhuluma nabanye? Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange, "Yile ndlela engiyiyo" noma "Ngihlukile kancane kwabanye." Ungase uzisole ngisho nangale mehluko kanye nobunzima obhekene nabo ekubhekaneni nomphakathi. Kodwa ngemuva kwalezi zinto, kungase kube nesizathu sezokwelapha ongacabangi ngaso, okungukuthi, i-autism spectrum disorder , etholakala lapho umuntu esemdala.
Kungani ngangingakwazi ukukubona lokhu ngize ngibe mdala?
Abantu abaningi bangase bazibuze, "I-Autism yinto eqashelwa ebuntwaneni, akunjalo? Ingaphuthelwa kanjani kuze kube yilapho umuntu emdala?" Eqinisweni, i-autism akuyona isimo esinezimpawu ezilodwa. Ifana kakhulu ne-spectrum. Abanye abantu batholakala besebancane kakhulu ngoba izimpawu zinzima kangangokuthi ziqashelwa besebancane. Kodwa kwabanye, lezi zimpawu zicashile kakhulu. Zisebenza kahle emisebenzini yansuku zonke, ekufundeni nasemsebenzini. Ngakho-ke, lezi zimpawu zingaphanjaniswa nokuba yingxenye yobuntu babo noma kwesinye isimo, isibonelo, i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) noma ukukhathazeka.
Cabanga ngomama owaziyo ukuthi izingane zakhe zine-autism, kodwa engakaze acabange ukuthi angase abe nalesi simo. Kwase kuyiminyaka ecabanga ukuthi ingane yakhe yesaba ukuxhumana nabantu, noma ukuthi imikhuba efana nokuluma izinzipho nokusonta izinwele kwakuyizinto zakhe 'ezingavamile'. Kodwa lokhu kungaba izimpawu ze-autism.
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa akusho ukuthi ubizwa ngegama. Kufana nesihluthulelo sokuziqonda.
Kuyini 'Ukushiswa Yi-Autistic'?
Lokhu kukhathala okukhulu nokukhathala kuyinkinga enkulu abantu abaningi abatholakala benesifo se-autism ababhekana nayo lapho sebekhulile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukukhathala kwe-autism' .
Kalula nje, nakhu okwenzekayo: Njengomuntu one-autism, izinkomba zakho zenhlalo nokuziphatha kwakho kuhlukile kancane. Kodwa kusukela ebuntwaneni, uzama ukufana nabo bonke abanye. Uzama kanzima "ukufihla" ubuwena bakho bangempela, ukulingana, ukuhleka nokukhuluma nabo bonke, nokuhlanganyela emahlaya abo.
Cabanga ngakho njengokudlala umlingiswa ongawuthandi usuku lonke. Uma uphila kanje, ufihla ubuwena bakho bangempela iminyaka eminingi, ingqondo nomzimba wakho uzizwa ucindezelekile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'ukushiswa yi -autism '.
Yingakho kufanele uhlale:
- Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungenawo amandla .
- Izimpawu zokucindezeleka zingase zivele.
- Ukukhathazeka kunganda.
- Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe sengathi unesithukuthezi ngempilo.
Abantu abaningi bafuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngenxa yalokhu 'kukhathala'. Bafuna usizo ngemva kwesigameko, njengalapho bezibuza, "Kungani ngingenawo amandla njengabo bonke abanye?" noma lapho besolwa ngumphathi ngokuphuthelwa uphawu lokuxhumana nabantu emsebenzini.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaphuthelwa yi-autism yabantu abadala?
Ungase ucabange nokuthi lezi zimfanelo ziyingxenye yobuntu bakho. Bona ukuthi uyazijwayele yini.
| Isici/Inkinga | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo | Kunzima ukuqonda imizwa yabanye abantu, ukubukeka kobuso, kanye namahlaya. Kunzima ukuqala nokuqhubeka nengxoxo. Inkulumo encane iyakhathaza kakhulu. |
| Izinkinga Zezinzwa | Umsindo omkhulu, izibani ezikhanyayo, iphunga elinamandla, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zezingubo kungaba nzima ukuzibekezelela. Isitolo esikhulu noma indawo enabantu abaningi ingaba yinto ekucindezelayo kakhulu. |
| Ukuziphatha Okuphindaphindayo (Ukushukumisa) | Izinto ozenzayo ukuze uzole. Isibonelo, ukuluma izinzipho zakho, ukuzungeza izinwele zakho, ukwenza imisindo ngeminwe yakho, ukuzulazula emuva naphambili. |
| Intshisekelo yezinto ezithile | Ukhuluma ngokujulile nangentshiseko ngesihloko esithile (isib. izitimela, umlando, amakhompyutha). Uthanda ukukhuluma ngalokho kuphela. |
| Ukungafuni ukushintsha | Ngithanda kakhulu indlela yami yansuku zonke nezinto engizijwayele. Uma kwenzeka ushintsho oluzumayo, ngizizwa ngingakhululekile futhi ngikhathazekile. |
Kungani abesifazane bephuthelwa izimpawu?
Akukhona emphakathini wethu kuphela, kodwa nasemhlabeni wonke, i-autism ayitholakali kahle kwabesifazane namantombazane. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi abesifazane bangcono ekufihleni/ekufihleni izimpawu zabo kunabesilisa. Babona indlela abantu abaziphatha ngayo emphakathini futhi bazama ukuziphatha ngendlela efanayo. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle babukeka bejwayelekile. Kodwa ngaphakathi bayahlupheka. Ngenxa yalokhu, owesifazane kungadingeka alwe kanzima ukuze athole ukuxilongwa okufanele.
Ukuxilongwa nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo?
Uma usola ukuthi unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho omethembayo ngakho. Angase akuthumele kumeluleki wezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo.
Odokotela basebenzisa iziqondiso ze-American Psychiatric Association's DSM-V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) ukuze baxilonge i-autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Lokhu kuhilela ingxoxo ejulile ngezimpawu zakho, izindlela zokuziphatha, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kobuntwana.
Ungesabi ngemva kokuthola ukuxilongwa. Akusikho ukuphela kwempilo yakho; kuyisiqalo esisha.
1. Ziqonde: Uzothola impendulo yombuzo othi, "Kungani ngibe kanje isikhathi eside kangaka?" Uzolahlekelwa yintukuthelo yakho kanye nokukhungatheka ngawe, futhi uzozizwa unesihawu futhi uziqonde.
2. Usizo olusebenzayo: Kunezinto ezilula ongazenza ukusiza izinzwa zakho. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa ama-headphone aqeda umsindo lapho uya ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi. Ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ukuze uzivikele ekukhanyeni okukhulu.
3. Thola amandla: Abantu abane-autism bangasebenzisa ukunaka kwabo okukhulu kanye nesithakazelo ezintweni ezithile njengamandla.
4. Ukuthola umphakathi: Namuhla, nge-inthanethi, ungathola abanye abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo nawe. Ukukhuluma nabo kuzokwenza uzizwe unesizungu esincane.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzamukela ukuthi ungubani, ungabi namahloni ngokuba ngohlukile. Khona-ke ungaphila ngenjabulo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Autism Spectrum Disorder ingatholakala lapho umuntu esemdala, noma ngabe ayizange itholakale ngesikhathi sobuntwana.
- Ukukhathala njalo, ukungafuni ukuxhumana nabantu, kanye nezinkinga zezinzwa (umsindo, ukukhanya) kungaba izimpawu ze-autism yabantu abadala.
- Lokhu akusibo ubuthakathaka ebuntwini bakho. Kuyisimo esibangelwa izinguquko ohlelweni lwezinzwa.
- Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kungakusiza ukuthi uziqonde kangcono, wenze impilo ibe lula, futhi uthole ukuthula kwengqondo.
- Uma unokungabaza ngalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uzokunikeza isiqondiso esifanele.
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