Ngezinye izinsuku uzizwa ujabule kakhulu, unamandla... sengathi ungenza noma yini. Kodwa ngezinye izinsuku uzizwa udabukile kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokuvuka embhedeni, udabukile kangangokuthi awufuni ukwenza lutho? Lolu hlobo lokushintshashintsha phakathi kwemizwa emibili ephikisanayo lungaba uphawu lwesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bipolar disorder . Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi ukuthi kubathinta kanjani abesifazane, ngendlela elula kakhulu nenobungane.
Kalula nje, iyini i-bipolar disorder?
Isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bipolar disorder yisimo sengqondo esibonakala ngokushintsha okukhulu kwemizwa yomuntu. Sinezimo ezimbili eziyinhloko ezingavamile.
1. Ukuhlanya: Lesi yisikhathi senjabulo enkulu namandla engikushilo ekuqaleni. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase uzizwe sengathi awukwazi ukwenza lutho. Ungase ungakwazi ukulala, ungase usebenze ungayeki, ungase ukhulume ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi ungase wenze izinqumo eziphuthumayo (isib. ukuchitha imali eningi ngesikhathi esisodwa). Lesi yisimo esiphezulu.
2. Ukucindezeleka : Lesi esinye isimo esibi kakhulu. Yisikhathi sokudabuka okukhulu, ukuphelelwa yithemba, kanye nokungabi nandaba nanoma yini. Awufuni ngisho nokuvuka embhedeni, uhlala ukhathele, futhi awufuni ngisho nokwenza izinto owawuzijabulela. Lesi yisigaba esiphansi kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwalesi sifo ukuthi isimo sengqondo siyashintshashintsha phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili ezibucayi. Kwabanye, lezi zimo zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
Ingabe lesi simo sibathinta ngendlela ehlukile abesifazane?
Yebo. Nakuba bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bengasithola lesi sifo, kunezindlela ezahlukene abesifazane ababhekana nazo.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okubhekana nokucindezeleka kune-mania , nokuthi ama-hormone abesifazane kanye nomsebenzi wesistimu yokuzala kungathinta ngqo uhlobo kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo.
Ama-hormone athinteka kanjani?
Amazinga ama-hormone ayashintsha ezigabeni ezahlukene zokuphila kowesifazane. Ake sibheke ukuthi lezi zinguquko zithinta kanjani isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-bipolar disorder.
- Umjikelezo Wokuya Esikhathini: Ezinye izifundo zisikisela ukuthi abesifazane abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo bangase babe nezimpawu ezinkulu zangaphambi kokuya esikhathini (PMS). Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abesifazane abathola ukwelashwa okufanele bavame ukuba nemizwa ezinzile phakathi nomjikelezo wabo wokuya esikhathini.
- Ukunqamuka Kwesikhathi : Ngenxa yezinguquko ezinkulu zamahomoni ezenzeka cishe nangemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, abanye besifazane bangase babe nezimpawu ze-bipolar okokuqala. Kulabo asebenalesi simo kakade, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Ukukhulelwa kanye Nesikhathi Sangemva Kokubeletha:Lesi yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu nesiyingozi kakhulu . Uma owesifazane onesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-bipolar disorder ekhulelwa noma eba nomntwana, ingozi yakhe yokuba isimo sakhe sibe sibi kakhulu futhi adinge ukulaliswa esibhedlela iphakeme ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa kunakwabanye besifazane. Unamathuba aphindwe kabili okuthi izimpawu zakhe zibuye.
Ngakho-ke, uma unesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bipolar disorder, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokucabangela ukuba nomntwana.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo ukugcina isimo sengqondo sizinzile. Okusho ukuthi, ukulawula kokubili izimo zokucindezeleka (zokusangana) kanye neziphansi (zokucindezeleka). Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokwelapha impilo yonke.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo imithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma .
Eminye yemithi enikezwa odokotela ihlanganisa imithi yokuqinisa imizwa kanye nemithi yokwelapha izifo zengqondo.
| Igama elijwayelekile lomuthi | Amagama omkhiqizo asetshenziswa kakhulu |
|---|---|
| I-Lithium | I-Lithobid |
| I-Valproic Acid / i-Divalproex Sodium | I-Depakote, i-Depakene, i-Stavzor |
| I-Lamotrigine | I-Lamictal |
| I-Carbamazepine | I-Tegretol, i-Carbatrol |
| I-Olanzapine, i-Quetiapine, i-Risperidone, i-Aripiprazole | I-Zyprexa, i-Seroquel, i-Risperdal, i-Abilify |
Okubalulekile: Eminye yale mithi inesixwayiso sokuthi ingandisa kancane ingozi yemicabango noma ukuziphatha kokuzibulala , ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha. Ngakho-ke , kufanele ubike ngokushesha noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi, izinguquko ezingavamile esimweni sengqondo, noma imicabango yokuzibulala kudokotela wakho ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Lesi yisihloko esibucayi kwabesifazane. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengoba ukuyeka ukwelashwa kungabhebhethekisa lesi sifo futhi kulimaze umama kanye nengane. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile futhi ukucabangela imiphumela engaba khona yomuthi enganeni.
Ngakho odokotela abakwenzayo ukunciphisa ingozi enganeni ngenkathi belapha umama. Lokhu kuyinto edinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Imithi ephephile neyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- Imithi ebhekwa njengephephile: Odokotela ngokuvamile bakhetha imithi emidala efana ne-'Lithium' kanye ne-'Haloperidol (Haldol)' ngoba inemininingwane eminingi yesikhathi eside kanye nolwazi lokuphepha.
- Imithi eyingozi: Imithi ethi `Valproic acid` kanye nethi `Carbamazepine` iboniswe ukuthi iyingozi enganeni engakazalwa futhi ingaba nomthelela ezifweni zokuzalwa. Uma uthola ukuthi ukhulelwe ngenkathi uthatha i-`Valproic acid`, udokotela wakho uzoshintsha ngokushesha umuthi noma alungise umthamo bese ekunikeza i-folic acid ukuvimbela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okuhlobene nokukhula kobuchopho bomntwana kanye nomgogodla.
- Imithi enikezwa ngesikhathi sekota yokugcina yokukhulelwa: Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-'Aripiprazole (Abilify), 'Risperidone (Risperdal),' kanye ne-'Quetiapine (Seroquel)' phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu zokugcina zokukhulelwa, umntwana angase abe nezimpawu ezithile ngemva kokuzalwa. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izimpawu ze-extrapyramidal (EPS).'
Izimpawu ingane engase ibhekane nazo:
- Ukungahlaliseki
- Ukuqina noma ukuqina kwemisipha okungavamile
- Ukulala ngokweqile
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula nokuncelisa
- Ukufinyela noma ukudikiza kwemisipha okungahleliwe
Kwabanye abantwana, lezi zimpawu zizophela zodwa phakathi namahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa abanye kungadingeka bangeniswe esibhedlela ukuze bahlolwe noma bathole ukwelashwa.
Amanye amaphuzu akhethekile kwabesifazane
I-Valproic Acid kanye ne-PCOS
Amantombazane nabesifazane abasebasha abasebenzisa umuthi i-valproic acid kufanele bahlolwe njalo ngodokotela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, nakuba kungavamile, umuthi ungakhuphula amazinga e-testosterone ye-hormone yabesilisa, okungaholela ku- polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) . I-PCOS yisimo esithinta ama-ovari futhi sibangele ukukhuluphala, ukukhula ngokweqile kwezinwele zomzimba, kanye nemijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile.
Imiphumela emibi ye-lithium
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-lithium kungabangela amazinga aphansi e-hormone ye-thyroid kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kungathinta nezimpawu ze-bipolar. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungase kudingeke imithi ye-hormone ye-thyroid. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela emibi efana nokozela, ukuchama njalo, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu ingase ivele.
Ukwelashwa nge-electroconvulsive (ECT)
Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zezimpawu, ukwelashwa nge-electroconvulsive (ECT) kungasetshenziswa njengendlela ephephile yokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lapha, odokotela baqapha njalo izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo, ukuze noma yiziphi izinkinga zelashwe ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sengqondo esibangela ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwelo. Singathinta abesifazane ngendlela ehlukile kunabesilisa.
- Amazinga ama-hormone abesifazane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, athinta izimpawu.
- Uma unesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo futhi ulindele umntwana, kubalulekile ukuthi uxoxe futhi wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.
- Ukuyeka ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha umama ngenkathi enciphisa ingozi enganeni.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga.
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