Wake waphawula ukuthi ingane yakho ngezinye izikhathi ijabule ngendlela engavamile, ikhuthele kakhulu, bese ngokuzumayo ithukuthela kakhulu, idabuke, futhi ihlale ekamelweni layo yodwa ngisho nangezizathu ezincane kakhulu? Uma ubona lolu hlobo lokuziphatha okungajwayelekile olushintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezibucayi, manje yisikhathi esihle sokukhuluma ngakho. Namuhla sikhuluma nge-bipolar disorder , isimo sengqondo abazali abaningi abangasazi, kodwa esingabonakala nasezinganeni.
Kalula nje, iyini i-bipolar disorder?
Isifo se-bipolar sasibizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka okubangelwa ukusangana. Kalula nje, yisimo sengqondo lapho isimo sengqondo somuntu, izinga lamandla, kanye nokuziphatha kwakhe kudlula kusuka kokunye okudlulele kuya kokunye. Cabanga nje, ngomzuzu owodwa ujabule kakhulu futhi usebenza ngokweqile. Sikubiza lokho ngokuthi isiqephu sokusangana. Ngomzuzu olandelayo, udabukile kakhulu, ucindezelekile, futhi awunasithakazelo kunoma yini ngaphandle kwesizathu. Sikubiza ngokuthi isiqephu sokusangana .
Ngokuvamile, lesi simo sibonakala nakubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingabonakala nasezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-7-8 ubudala.
Ake sicabange ngalesi simo. Umama wayenendodana eneminyaka engu-8 ubudala. Ngokungazelelwe wahlala engalali izinsuku eziningi, waba nobutha emndenini wakhe, wabasongela ngemimese, wazama nokuhlasela umfowabo. Lapho abazali abesabayo beyisa umfana esibhedlela, ngemva kwezinsuku eziningana zokuhlolwa, odokotela bathola ukuthi umfana unesifo sengqondo esishintshashintshayo . Lokhu kungenzeka ngempela.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lokhu akuyona into embi, akuyona into embi enganeni, noma iphutha labazali. Lesi yisimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi ingane inalesi simo?
Uma ingane ibonisa lezi zimpawu zokuziphatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sikadokotela. Lezi zimpawu zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: ukudangala kanye nokucindezeleka.
| Izimpawu Zokuxhamazela | Izimpawu Zokucindezeleka |
|---|---|
| Ukujabula ngendlela engavamile, ukuhlekisa, noma ngokuzumayo ukuthukuthela/ubudlova obukhulu kakhulu. | Ukuzizwa udabukile noma ukhala njalo. |
| Ukuba nokuzethemba okuphezulu nokungenangqondo (isib., ukucabanga ukuthi bangandiza nokuthi akekho ongabavimba). | Ukuhoxa kubangani kanye nemisebenzi evamile. |
| Ukwanda ngokweqile kwamandla omzimba. Ukungazizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokungalali izinsuku eziningi. | Ukulahlekelwa amandla, intshisekelo noma ugqozi kunoma yini. |
| Ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa ungaqedi noma yimuphi wayo ngendlela efanele. Ukushintsha ukunaka ngokushesha. | Imizwa yokungafaneleki kanye nokwenza konke okungalungile. |
| Ukukhuluma ngokushesha kakhulu nangokungapheli. Ukushintsha izihloko ngokushesha. Ukungavumeli ukuphazamiseka kwenzeke. | Ukuzwela ngokweqile ekwenqatshweni noma ekwehlulekeni. |
| Ukuzibandakanya emisebenzini eyingozi (isib., ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ukwenza izinto eziyingozi, ucansi olungaphephile). | Ushintsho olukhulu emikhubeni yokudla neyokulala (ukulala kakhulu noma ukudla kakhulu). |
| Ukuzizwa sengathi imicabango iyagijima. | Izinkinga zomzimba ezivame ukwenzeka njengekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu besisu. |
| Imicabango ephindaphindayo ngokufa, ukuzibulala, noma ukuzilimaza. |
Lokhu kuhluke kanjani ku-ADHD?
Ngokuvamile, lapho abazali bebona lezi zimpawu, bacabanga ukuthi ingane yabo ine-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kokubili ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye nokunganaki kukhona. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili.
Njengoba odokotela besho, "Ingane ene-ADHD ingathukuthela cishe imizuzu emihlanu, ikhohlwe ngakho bese ixolisa ngemva kwesikhashana. Kodwa intukuthelo yengane enesifo sengqondo esiguquguqukayo ingahlala amahora amaningi, mhlawumbe ngisho nosuku lonke. Kuwukuqhuma kwentukuthelo okukhulu. Kulandelwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu."
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngokunembile lezi zimpawu nokuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Kungani izingane zinalesi simo?
Kunzima ukusho isizathu esisodwa salokhu. Kodwa into eyinhloko ukuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo emndenini . Okusho ukuthi, uma isihlobo esiseduze emndenini (umama, ubaba, ugogo, umalume) sinesifo sengqondo esiguquguqukayo noma esinye isifo sengqondo, kunengozi ethile yokuthi ingane nayo ithole lesi sifo. Futhi, ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni ( ama-Neurotransmitters ) kungathinta lokhu.
Ngingamsiza kanjani ingane yami? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, ungalokothi wesabe noma wenze izinqumo ngokwakho. Into yokuqala nengcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela wezingane noma udokotela wezifo zengqondo.
Udokotela uzokubuza umbuzo oningiliziwe mayelana nokuziphatha kwengane yakho kanye nomlando womndeni. Bazohlola futhi ukuthi lezi zimpawu zibangelwa yini ezinye izimo zomzimba, njengesifo sokuwa noma izimila zobuchopho. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho bezofinyelela khona ekuxilongweni okunembile.
Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha :
1. Imithi: Imithi inikezwa ukuze kuqiniswe isimo sengqondo sengane. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi efana `(Mood stabilizers)`, `(Antipsychotics)`. Kungaba inselele ukuqhubeka nokunikeza ingane le mithi. Ngoba kungase kube nemiphumela emibi. Kodwa njengoba udokotela eshilo, "Ukuthatha imithi kuyinkinga, kodwa okunye kuyindlela yokulaliswa esibhedlela." Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunikeza imithi njengoba nje udokotela eyalile.
2. Ukwelulekwa Nokwelashwa Kokuziphatha: Imithi yodwa ayikwazi ukwenza konke. Ingane idinga ukufundiswa ukuphila nalesi simo, ukuphatha imizwa yayo, ukuhlalisana kahle nabangani, nokubhekana nezinkinga lapho zivela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Psychoeducation." Uma umuntu omdala enalesi simo, uba nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthile empilweni. Kodwa uma ingane encane inalesi simo, ayikaze ithole ithuba lokufunda la makhono okuxhumana nabantu. Lokhu kwelashwa kumayelana nokudlulisela lawo makhono enganeni.
Ingxenye yokwelashwa iwukunikeza abazali ukuqonda lesi simo nokubanika iseluleko sendlela yokusingatha ingane.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibangelwa yi-bipolar ebuntwaneni empeleni siyisimo sezokwelapha esingabonakala ezinganeni. Akuyona indlela embi yokuziphatha enganeni.
- Kulesi simo, isimo sengqondo sengane sishintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwenjabulo enkulu ( i-mania ) nokudabuka okukhulu (ukucindezeleka).
- Lokhu kuhlukile ku-ADHD, engahlukaniswa ngobukhali nobude bezimpawu.
- Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ngokushesha vakashela udokotela wezingane noma wezifo zengqondo ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile.
- Kanye nemithi kanye nokwelashwa, ukwelulekwa kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengane nomndeni nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Njengomzali, awuwedwa. Kunabantu abaningi nezinhlangano ezingakusiza wena nomntanakho. Kungumthwalo wakho ukuthola usizo olufanele.
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