Wake wezwa igama elithi “cervix”? Mhlawumbe uke waxoxa ngalo nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-Pap smear , noma mhlawumbe lavela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nakuba lincane, lesi sitho sidlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuzala lwabesifazane. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlela elula nenobungane ngokuthi iyini i-cervix, ukuthi yenzani, nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ukuze uhlale uphilile nge-Nirogi Lanka.
Kalula nje, uyini umlomo wesibeletho?
Cabanga ngesibeletho sakho njengekhaya elincane. Isitho sangasese sowesifazane siyindlela eholela kuso. Isibeletho siwumnyango omncane, oqinile, onemisipha oxhumanisa le ndlela nesibeletho. Ngenxa yalokhu, sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “intamo yesibeletho.”
Lo mnyango omncane usebenza njengesango lokungena nokuphuma kwezinto esibelethweni. Uyingxenye yemvelo yomzimba wabesifazane kanye nabantu abaningi abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile. Ngenxa yokuthi le ndawo ingaba sengozini yezifo ezifana nomdlavuza wesibeletho, kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi. Yingakho kufanele wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smears njalo, okuhleliwe.
Uyini umsebenzi wesibeletho emizimbeni yethu?
Umsebenzi owenziwa yilo mnyango omncane mkhulu kakhulu. Usebenza njengomnyango oguquguqukayo, ohlakaniphile ovuleka futhi uvale njengoba umzimba wakho udinga. Nazi ezinye zemisebenzi yawo eyinhloko:
- Ukuya esikhathini : Njalo ngenyanga, umzimba wakho udinga ukukhipha ulwelwesi lwesibeletho. Umlomo wesibeletho uvumela leli gazi ukuthi lidlule lisuka esibelethweni lidlule esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ukuze liphume emzimbeni wakho.
- Ukukhulelwa Nokuzala: Umlomo wesibeletho sakho udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhulelweni. Ngesikhathi socansi, usebenza njengesango, uqondisa isidoda esibelethweni ukuze sihlangane neqanda. Ngokukhethekile, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ulwelwesi lwakho lomlomo wesibeletho luba luncane, okudala indawo ekahle yokuthi isidoda sihambe kalula.
- Ukubeletha Kwangasese: Phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho, umlomo wesibeletho uhlala uvaliwe kahle futhi uvalwe nge-mucus plug ukuvikela wena nomntwana wakho. Njengoba usondela ekubelethweni, le plug iyancibilika, bese umlomo wesibeletho wakho uqala ukuthamba , unciphe, futhi unwebeke kancane kancane. Le nqubo ivula indlela yokuba umntwana wakho asuke esibelethweni angene esithweni sangasese . Lapho abahlinzeki bezempilo behlola intuthuko yakho ngesikhathi sokubeletha, bahlola umlomo wesibeletho ukuze babone ukuthi uvuleke kangakanani.
- Ukuvikelwa Kwesibeletho: Umlomo wesibeletho usebenza njengesivikelo semvelo, uvimbela izinto ezifana nama-tampon ukuthi zingadluli zisuka esithweni sangasese sowesifazane ziye esibelethweni.
Ukuphi umlomo wesibeletho sakho, futhi ubukeka kanjani?
Umlomo wesibeletho sakho utholakala ngaphakathi kwe-pelvic cavity, cishe amasentimitha angu-3 kuya kwangu-6 ngaphakathi komsele wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Uqala engxenyeni engezansi yesibeletho bese uxhuma ngqo phezulu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
Igama elithi “cervix” livela egameni lesiLatini elisho “intamo.” Lime njenge-cylinder—elincane phezulu nangaphansi eline-maphakathi ebanzi kancane—futhi lisebenza njengomsele. I-top end ivulekela esibelethweni, kanti i-low end ivulekela esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
Iqukethe izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile, esizichazile ngezansi:
| Isakhiwo Sesibeletho | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| I-OS yangaphakathi | Imbobo eholela esibelethweni. Ungase uzwe udokotela wakho ekhuluma ngalokhu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. |
| Umsele we-Endocervical | Indlela efana nomhubhe exhumanisa izikhala zangaphakathi nezangaphandle. |
| I-Ectocervix | Ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho ephumela esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, engazwakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. |
| I-OS yangaphandle | Imbobo ebheke esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. |
| Indawo Yokuguqulwa (TZ) | Lena yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu lapho kuhlangana khona izinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli omlomo wesibeletho. Yilapho izinguquko zamaseli ezingavamile, njengalezo ezihlobene nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, zivame ukwenzeka khona. Ama-Pap smears aklanyelwe ngqo ukuhlola le ndawo. |
Ungakwazi yini ukuthinta umlomo wesibeletho sakho?
Yebo, ungakwazi, kuye ngokuthi ukuphi emjikelezweni wakho wokuya esikhathini. Uma ufaka umunwe ohlanzekile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, uzofika eqophelweni lapho ungakwazi ukuqhubeka khona; okungukuthi umlomo wesibeletho sakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe uqinile, kanti ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa uthambile , njengesiponji. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kweqanda, uba mnene kakhulu futhi ubekwe ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
Sicela ukhumbule: Uma ukhetha ukuzihlolela lokhu, kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi afudumele kuqala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, usengozini yokufaka amagciwane emgodini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane bese ubangela ukutheleleka.
Yiziphi izimo ezingathinta umlomo wesibeletho?
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko mayelana nempilo yomlomo wesibeletho kuhilela i-Human Papillomavirus ( Human Papillomavirus ), noma i-HPV . Lokhu kuyisifo esithathelwana ngocansi (STI), futhi izinhlobo ezithile ze-HPV zingaholela ekukhuleni komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.
Ake sihlole izimo ezinkulu zempilo ezingathinta umlomo wesibeletho.
| Isimo | Ngamagama Alula… |
|---|---|
| Umdlavuza Wesibeletho | Ukukhula okungalawuleki kwamaseli angajwayelekile emlonyeni wesibeletho. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-HPV okuqhubekayo. |
| I-Dysplasia Yesibeletho (i-CIN) | Lokhu akuwona umdlavuza, kodwa kuyisimo sangaphambi komdlavuza lapho amangqamuzana esibelethweni esebe engajwayelekile. I-HPV nayo iyimbangela eyinhloko lapha. |
| I-Cervicitis | Ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala komlomo wesibeletho, okuvame ukubangelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (njenge-Chlamydia noma i-Gonorrhea) noma ukusabela kwezinye izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo. |
| Ukukhula Kwesibeletho (ama-polyps, ama-fibroids, ama-cysts) | Lezi ngokuvamile ziyizimila ezingezona umdlavuza noma amasaka agcwele uketshezi. Ama-cyst aseNabothian ayisibonelo esivamile kakhulu nesingenabungozi. |
| Izinto Ezibalulekile Ezihlobene Nokukhulelwa | |
| Ukungasebenzi kahle komlomo wesibeletho | Uma umlomo wesibeletho uqala ukuvuleka ngaphambi kokuba ukukhulelwa kuphele isikhathi, okungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu noma ekuzalweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| I-Placenta Previa | Uma i-placenta imboza umlomo wesibeletho ingxenye noma ngokuphelele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuhlinzwa kwe-C ukuze kubelethwe ngokuphephile. |
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga zomlomo wesibeletho?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqonde.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukukhubazeka komlomo wesibeletho—ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho —akukho nhlobo izimpawu. Yingakho ukuhlolwa okuvamile kubalulekile, noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:
- Ukopha okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane (ukuya esikhathini okunzima, ukubona amabala phakathi kokuya esikhathini, noma ukopha ngemva kocansi).
- Ukuphuma koketshezi olungavamile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (okunamanzi, okunegazi, noma okunephunga elibi).
- Ukukhathala okungachazeki noma ukungakhululeki kwesinqe.
- Ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi uchama.
Siyihlola kanjani impilo yakho yesibeletho?
Kunezindlela eziningana udokotela wakho angahlola ngazo impilo yakho yesibeletho. Indlela evame kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yi-Pap smear.
| Ukuhlolwa | Lokho okushiwoyo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Pelvic | Udokotela wakho usebenzisa izandla zakhe kanye ne-speculum ukuhlola izitho zakho zokuzala ngamehlo nangokomzimba. |
| I-Pap Smear | Kusetshenziswa ibhulashi elincane ukuqoqa isampula yamaseli avela emlonyeni wesibeletho, abese ethunyelwa elebhu ukuthola umdlavuza noma izinguquko zangaphambi komdlavuza. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV | Njengoba kunjalo nge-Pap smear, lokhu kuhlolwa kuhlola ngqo ukuthi kukhona yini amagciwane e-HPV ayingozi kakhulu angaholela kumdlavuza wesibeletho. |
| I-Colposcopy | Uma imiphumela ye-Pap smear yakho ingajwayelekile, udokotela usebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile yokukhulisa (i-colposcope) ukuhlola umlomo wesibeletho eduze. Kungase kuthathwe i-biopsy uma kudingeka. |
| I-biopsy | Uma indawo ibonakala isolisa, isampula encane yezicubu iyasuswa ukuze ihlolwe. Izinqubo ezifana ne-LEEP noma i-Conization ziyizindlela ezivamile zalokhu. |
Ungawugcina kanjani umlomo wesibeletho uphilile
Ngenhlanhla, kunezinyathelo ezilula nezisebenzayo ongazithatha ukuvikela impilo yomlomo wesibeletho sakho.
- Thola Umuthi Wokugomela i-HPV: Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuzivikeleni ezinhlotsheni eziyinhloko ze-HPV ezibangela umdlavuza wesibeletho. Sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka mayelana nokutholakala komuthi wokugomela.
- Hlala uhambisana nesikhathi sokuhlolwa: Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smear kunconywa kusukela eminyakeni engu-21. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-30 kuya phambili, kokubili ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smear kanye ne-HPV kuvame ukwenziwa ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza isiqondiso esingcono kakhulu sokuthi udinga nini lokhu kuhlolwa ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho kanye nomlando wempilo yakho. Landela iseluleko sabo njalo futhi ungaphuthelwa ama-aphoyintimenti akho.
- Zijwayeze ucansi oluphephile: Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ezifana namakhondomu kungakusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs), okuhlanganisa ne-HPV.
- Gwema ukubhema nogwayi: Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abesifazane ababhemayo basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka nge-HPV okuqhubekela phambili ekubeni umdlavuza wesibeletho.
Nakuba uncane ngosayizi, umlomo wakho wesibeletho udlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yakho iyonke. Ukuwunakekela kungenye yezipho ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazipha zona.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umlomo wesibeletho uyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yakho yokuzala, uxhumanisa isibeletho sakho nesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane.
- Izifo eziningi zomlomo wesibeletho, ikakhulukazi umdlavuza wesigaba sokuqala, azibonisi zimpawu.
- Umuthi wokugomela i-HPV uyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuzivikela kumdlavuza wesibeletho.
- Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile ngokuphelele, qiniseka ukuthi wenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Pap smears njalo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HPV ngokwesimiso sikadokotela wakho. Lena yindlela ethembeke kakhulu yokuqinisekisa impilo yakho yesibeletho.
I-Cervix, Isibeletho, I-Pap smear, i-HPV, Umdlavuza Wesibeletho, Impilo Yabesifazane
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
💬 🌸 Iyini ngempela i-cervix?
Kalula nje, umlomo wesibeletho yingxenye encane engezansi yesibeletho sakho. Isebenza njengesango phakathi kwesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nesibeletho sakho.
💬 🤔 Kungani umlomo wesibeletho ubaluleke kangaka emizimbeni yethu?
Umlomo wesibeletho ubalulekile empilweni yokuzala yabesifazane. Usekela ukukhulelwa futhi uvumela ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini. Ngenxa yendima yawo ebalulekile, kubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphile mayelana nezimo ezifana nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.
💬 👩⚕️ Ngingawugcina kanjani umlomo wesibeletho sami uphilile?
Ukugcina impilo yomlomo wesibeletho kuqala ngokuqwashisa. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwe-Pap njalo kanye nomjovo we-HPV kubalulekile. NgeNirogi Lanka, sihlose ukukunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile oludingayo ukuze uhlale umatasa.
