Ingabe usunezikhwama ezincane (i-diverticulosis) emathunjini akho? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Wake wezwa ngezikhwama ezincane ezakheka emathunjini? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngakho, noma mhlawumbe othile omaziyo unaso. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi `(Diverticulosis)`. Ungakhathazeki, lesi yisimo esivamile esithinta abantu abaningi.

Kuyini lokhu `(Diverticulosis)`?

Kalula nje, i-diverticulosis ukuthuthuka kwezikhwama ezincane noma amaphakethe ongqimbeni lwekholoni lakho. Cabanga ngakho njengendawo ebuthakathaka epayipini elidala lebhayisikili, lapho izikhwama ezincane noma amaphakethe aqhuma khona. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungqimba lwekholoni lakho luphuma ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka odongeni. Njengoba sigaya ukudla futhi njengoba imfucuza ihamba emathunjini, lezi zikhwama zakha kancane kancane.

Igama elithi `(Diverticulosis)` livela egameni lesiNgisi elithi `divert'. Lisho ukuthi `ukuphendukela ohlangothini'. Libizwa ngokuthi ngoba indlela emathunjini ibonakala iphendukela kulezi zikhwama ezincane. Sibiza izikhwama eziningana ezinjalo ngokuthi `(Diverticula)`, kanye nesikhwama esisodwa `(Diverticulum)`. Lezi zivame ukuvela emathunjini akho amakhulu (`(Colon)`) , ngoba yilapho imfucuza yokudla inendawo enkulu yokujiya nokucindezela odongeni. Zivame kakhulu ekugcineni kwamathumbu amakhulu, okungukuthi, ku- `(Sigmoid Colon)` .

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Diverticulosis)` kanye ne-`(Diverticulitis)`?

Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi umehluko uyini phakathi kwe-`(Diverticulosis)` kanye ne-`(Diverticulitis)`. `(Diverticulosis)` yisimo lapho unezikhwama (`(Diverticula)`) emathunjini akho, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, `(Diverticulitis)` yilapho isikhwama sakho esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sivuvukala, okusho ukuthi siyavuvukala futhi sitheleleke. Isikhathi esiningi, lokhu kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane (`(Bacterial Infection )`). Ukuba nezikhwama nje kungase kungabi yinkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zikhwama ziyizindawo ezinhle zokucasha nokuzalanisa amagciwane. Ngakho-ke uma uba ne-`(Diverticulitis)`, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu kanye nomkhuhlane.

Ingabe i-Diverticulosis iyisimo esibucayi?

Ukuba ne-diverticulosis akuyona into enkulu. Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu noma izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, kungaba yingozi. Isibonelo, uma uthola ukutheleleka (okubizwa ngokuthi i-diverticulitis) futhi kungelashwa kahle, kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi njenge -sepsis (ukutheleleka kwegazi). Futhi, inani elincane kakhulu labantu lingopha igazi kulezi zikhwama njalo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungalahlekelwa igazi eliningi emzimbeni wakho ( ukulahlekelwa igazi okukhulu).

Ivame kangakanani i-Diverticulosis?

Kuvamile kakhulu emazweni aseNtshonalanga, ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhula. E-United States, ama-30% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, ama-50% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, kanye nama-75% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 bane-diverticulosis. Ngokuvamile itholakala kukholoni ye-sigmoid. Ayivamile kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Ayivamile futhi emazweni afana ne-Afrika ne-Asia adla ukudla okucutshungulwe kancane kunasemazweni aseNtshonalanga.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Diverticulosis)`?

Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu uma benesifo i-`(Diverticulosis)`. Ungase ungazi nokuthi unesifo. Kodwa-ke, uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu esingezansi kanye nomkhuhlane , kungenzeka ukuthi kungenxa yokutheleleka (`(Diverticulitis)`).

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma unesinye isimo emathunjini akho, njenge-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) noma i-Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), lawa maphakethe abizwa ngokuthi i-diverticula angaba nomuzwa wokugcwala nobuhlungu lapho imfucuza yokudla idlula kula maphakethe. Uma une -constipation , indle eqinile ingabhajwa kula maphakethe, okwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Cishe abantu abayi-10% abane-diverticulosis bangase bazwe ukopha okuthile kulezi zikhwama (i-diverticulum bleeding). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umthambo wegazi esikhwameni udabuka noma udabuka njengoba indle eqinile idlula kuwo. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuyayeka ngemva kwesikhashana futhi akubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka, ungase ubone igazi elisha esitulweni sakho. Uma unalolu hlobo lokopha, uma unezimpawu eziqhubekayo, noma uma unezinkinga ezivela ku-diverticulosis, kubizwa ngokuthi isifo se-diverticular.

Iyini imbangela eyinhloko ye-diverticulosis?

Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imbangela eyinhloko ye-diverticulosis ukudla kwaseNtshonalanga. Okungukuthi, ukudla okune-fiber eningi kanye nesitashi esicutshunguliwe esiningi. Lolu hlobo lokudla lubangela ukuthi indle ijiye futhi ihambe kancane emathunjini, futhi amathumbu awahlanzwa kahle. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi indle iba nkulu njengoba ihamba, yingakho i-diverticulosis ivame ukwenzeka engxenyeni yokugcina yamathumbu amakhulu (i-sigmoid colon).

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinto eziyingozi?

Kungase kube nethonya lezakhi zofuzo. Naphezu kokudla kwaseNtshonalanga, kuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabamhlophe baseMelika, abaseYurophu, kanye nabantu base-Australia kunaphakathi kwabamnyama noma ezinye izizwe. Futhi, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi lapho abantu emazweni ase-Asia beba ne-diverticulosis, ivame ukuvela engxenyeni ehlukile yekholoni - ekuqaleni hhayi ekugcineni. Lokhu kuvamile futhi phakathi kwabantu baseJapan eHawaii.

Ungayithola kanjani i-`(Diverticulosis)`?

Udokotela angazibona lezi zinhlayiya ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-colonoscopy noma i-GI X-ray. I-Diverticulosis ivame ukutholakala ngale ndlela ngoba ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu. Kodwa uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzozama ukuthola imbangela isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Uzokuhlola ngokukubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, imithi oyiphuzayo, ukudla kwakho, kanye nokunyakaza kwakho kwamathumbu.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale lesi simo?

Ungenza okulandelayo njengezivivinyo:

• Ukuhlolwa Komzimba: Udokotela uzohlola izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile , athinte isisu sakho, futhi alalele imisindo yamathumbu akho. Angase futhi afake umunwe ogibele iglavu e-rectum yakho ( Digital Rectal Exam ).
• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Isampula encane yegazi ithathwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola ukuthi unesifo noma ukuthi wopha kakhulu ngaphakathi.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwendle : Isampula yendle yakho iyathathwa bese ihlolwa elabhorethri. Ukuhlolwa kwendle kungabheka izimpawu zokutheleleka noma ukopha endleleni yokugaya ukudla (Ukopha Kwesisu (GI).
• Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Udokotela uzosebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-CT scan, i-barium enema , i-flexible sigmoidoscopy, noma i-colonoscopy ukuze abheke la maqhubu nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene nawo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(Diverticulosis)`?

Iningi labantu alidingi ukwelashwa kwe-diverticulosis. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi ungeze i-fiber eyengeziwe ekudleni kwakho. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukubhekana nembangela eyinhloko ye-diverticulosis nokuvimbela izinkinga ezibangelwa ezinye izimpawu, njengokuqunjelwa kanye nokuqunjelwa. I-fiber eyengeziwe isiza indle ukuthi ihambe kalula emathunjini amakhulu, isize ekuhlanzeni ikholoni njengoba idlula.

Abantu abangaba ngu-3% bangadinga ukwelashwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha okuqhubekayo kwe-diverticular. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy. Uma udokotela we-gastroenterologist (udokotela ochwepheshe ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla) ethola indawo yokopha ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, angafaka amathuluzi nge-colonoscope ukuze avale umthambo wegazi oqhekekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udokotela angasebenzisa i-angiogram ukuthola indawo yokopha bese efaka umuthi emthanjeni wegazi ukuze kumiswe ukopha.

Ingabe i-Diverticulosis ingavinjelwa?

Ukudla izitshalo eziningi nokudla okuphelele, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokuphuza amanzi anele nsuku zonke kungasiza ekugcineni ukuhamba kwakho kwamathumbu kunempilo futhi kujwayelekile. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-diverticulosis ukuthi ingakhuli. Uma usuvele une-diverticulosis, lezi zinto zingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwakheka okusha. Nakuba lokhu kungaqinisekiswa, le mikhuba yokuphila enempilo ingasiza ekuvimbeleni izifo eziningi ze-colon engezansi.

Yini esingayilindela uma lesi simo sikhona?

Uma ungakaze ube nezimpawu noma izinkinga ezivela ku-diverticulosis, cishe awusoze waba nazo. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye izimo ezenza kube nzima i-diverticulosis, njengokuqunjelwa, i-IBS, noma i-IBD, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola izimpawu. Inani elincane kakhulu labantu liba nezigameko zokopha eziphindaphindayo. Laba bantu bangadinga ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe ukuze kumiswe ukopha noma kulawulwe ukopha.

Ingabe i-Diverticulosis ingaguqulwa?

Uma usunayo i-diverticula, okwamanje ayikho indlela yokuyisusa. Abantu abaningi abanankinga nayo, kodwa uma ikukhathaza, kuzodingeka ulungise indlela yakho yokuphila ngokufanele.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma ngine-diverticulosis?

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unezimpawu ze-diverticulosis noma cha, ukuba nalesi simo kusho ukuthi ungazuza ngokufaka i-fiber eyengeziwe ekudleni kwakho . Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza lokhu ukudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele, izithelo nemifino. Abanye abantu basebenzisa izithasiselo ze-fiber njenge-psyllium. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi amaningi uma uthatha i-fiber ukuze ihambe kahle emathunjini akho. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuqunjelwa kungaba kubi kakhulu.

Uma unesifo se-diverticular (esaziwa nangokuthi i-diverticulosis), udinga ukuqapha izimpawu zakho ukuze uzilawule. Isibonelo, bona ukuthi ukudla okuthile kwenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu, noma ukuthi imithi ethile oyithathayo ithinta izimpawu zakho. Uma ukopha kwamathumbu, noma ngabe kunqamuka ngokwako, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awulahlekelwa yigazi eliningi kakhulu.

Ingabe i-diverticulosis ingenzeka ngaphandle kwekholoni?

I-Diverticula ingakhula noma kuphi ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla, okuhlanganisa amathumbu amancane, isisu, ngisho nomphimbo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuvela njengenkinga yesinye isimo, njengokuphazamiseka kokuhamba okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ukudla kuhambe ngendlela yokugaya ukudla. I-Meckel's diverticulum iyisici sokuzalwa esenzeka emathunjini amancane.

Kwabaningi abantu, i-diverticulosis ayiyona into okufanele bakhathazeke ngayo. Ngokuvamile itholakala udokotela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile. Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40, akuyona into enkulu. Futhi, uma ingabangeli izimpawu, ungaba wedwa. Kodwa uma unezimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Zingase zihlobene nesinye isimo, noma ungaba nokutheleleka.

Umyalezo esifuna ukuwuthatha ekhaya kule ndaba uthi

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi uyaqonda kahle i-"(Diverticulosis)" esikhulume ngayo namuhla.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi nakuba lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abaningi, iningi lingaphila ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

• Faka ukudla okucebile nge-fiber (imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu okuphelele) ekudleni kwakho.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, umkhuhlane, noma igazi esitulweni sakho, qiniseka ukuthi ucela iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Akuyona into okufanele uyesabe, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyiqaphela!