Ingabe wena noma othandekayo wakho wake watshelwa ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa ? Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile uma uzwa amagama athi "i-anesthesia ejwayelekile." Nakuba umcabango "wokungena ngaphansi" ungase uzizwe wesabisa, empeleni inqubo yezokwelapha esezingeni eliphezulu futhi ephephile kakhulu. KwaNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukucacisa yonke imibuzo yakho mayelana ne-'General Anesthesia ' ukuze uzizwe ulungele futhi ukhululekile.
Ngamagama alula, Kuyini Ukubulala Izinzwa Okujwayelekile?
I-anesthesia ejwayelekile iyisimo esilawulwa ngokwezokwelapha esikufaka esimweni esijulile, esifana nokulala ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Kulesi simo, awuzwa nhlobo ubuhlungu, futhi ngeke ukhumbule noma yini eyenzekayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa . Kuzwakala sengathi ulele ubuthongo obujulile, obuphumuzayo bese uvuka uma inqubo isiqediwe.
Lokhu kuphathwa uchwepheshe oqeqeshwe kahle obizwa ngokuthi i-Anesthesiologist. Kusukela ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa kwakho kuqala kuze kube sekupheleni, lo dokotela uhlala eceleni kwakho, eqapha yonke imisebenzi ebalulekile— njengokuphefumula kwakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo —ukuze akugcine ulele ngokuphepha futhi aqinisekise ukuthi uvuka kahle lapho inqubo isiqediwe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyazi ukuthi lokhu akusikho ukulala okuvamile nje kuphela. Kuyisimo esiqhutshwa ngokwezokwelapha, esilawulwa ngokucophelela esibeka ukuphepha kwakho phambili ngo-100%.
Ukuqonda Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Ze-Anesthesia
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-anesthesia kuye ngezidingo zakho. Kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko:
| Uhlobo lwe-Anesthesia | Kuyini | Izibonelo Ezivamile |
|---|---|---|
| I-Anesthesia Ejwayelekile | Kubeka umzimba wonke ebuthongweni obukhulu. Awuzizwa lutho futhi awunaso isikhumbuzo salesi sigameko. | Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho, ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwesisu. |
| I-Anesthesia Yesifunda | Kuthuntubeza ingxenye enkulu yomzimba (isib., kusukela okhalweni kuye phansi). Ungase uhlale uphapheme. | Ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa, ukufakwa esikhundleni sezinqe noma idolo. |
| I-Anesthesia Yendawo | Kunciphisa indawo encane kakhulu, ethile. | Umsebenzi wamazinyo, ukuthunga inxeba elincane. |
| Ukupholisa | Kukwenza uphumule futhi ulale, kodwa awukho ngokuphelele engqondweni. | Ama-colonoscopy, ama-biopsies athile. |
Kwenzekani Phakathi Nenqubo?
Ake sithi usufikile egumbini lokuhlinza. Nakhu okwenzekayo:
1. Imithi: Udokotela wezinzwa uzofaka umugqa we-IV emthanjeni wakho ukuze alethe imithi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe nokuthi uphefumule igesi ngemaski. Ngemizuzu embalwa, uzobe ulele ubuthongo obukhulu .
2. Ukusekelwa Kokuphefumula: Uma usulele, udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokukhulula imisipha yakho bese efaka ipayipi elincane epayipini lakho lomoya. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umoya-mpilo owanele phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yokuthi ulele ubuthongo obukhulu, ngeke uzizwe lutho.
3. Ukuqapha Okuqhubekayo: Kuyo yonke inqubo yokuhlinzwa, ithimba lizoqapha ngokucophelela:
- Ukuphefumula
- Izinga lokushisa lomzimba
- Isilinganiso senhliziyo
- Ukushaya kwegazi
- Amazinga e-oksijini
- Amazinga oketshezi
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zibalo, zizolungisa imithi yakho noma zinikeze uketshezi ukuze konke kuhlale kuzinzile.
4. Ukuvuka: Uma ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, udokotela wezinzwa uyayeka imithi. Uzobe usuyiswa eGumbini Lokululama, lapho uzoqala khona ukuvuka kancane kancane. Odokotela nabahlengikazi bazokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhululekile futhi awunazo izinhlungu.
Yimiphi Imithi Esetshenziswayo?
Inhlanganisela yemithi yokwelapha nge-IV kanye nemithi ephefumulayo ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-anesthesia ejwayelekile.
Imithi Eyisihluthulelo Yesine:
- I-Propofol: Umuthi ovame kakhulu osetshenziselwa ukuvusa nokugcina ubuthongo obujulile.
- I-Ketamine: Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okufushane noma njengomuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu.
- I-Etomidate: Umuthi osebenza isikhathi esifushane osetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqala inqubo yokubulala izinzwa.
Imithi Ephefumulwayo:
- I-Sevoflurane: Igesi evame ukusetshenziswa kokubili ekuqaleni nasekulondolozeni i-anesthesia.
- I-Isoflurane: Isetshenziswa kancane manje ngenxa yephunga layo elinamandla.
- I-Desflurane: Isetshenziselwa ukugcina i-anesthesia.
- I-nitrous oxide: Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi “igesi ehlekayo.” Ayinamandla ngokwanele ngokwayo futhi ivame ukuhlanganiswa neminye imithi.
Kufanele Ulungiselele Kanjani?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, bobabili udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kanye nodokotela obulala izinzwa bazokhuluma nawe. Kuzodingeka bazi:
- Ingabe unezinye izinkinga zempilo? (isib. isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izinkinga zenhliziyo)
- Yimiphi imithi oyithathayo? (Faka yonke imithi kadokotela, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo zemithi)
- Ingabe unesifo sokungezwani komzimba? (Izidakamizwa, i-latex, ukudla, njll.)
- Uyabhema, uyaphuza utshwala, noma usebenzisa izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa?
- Wake waba nokusabela okubi ekubulaweni yizinzwa esikhathini esidlule?
Sicela uthembeke ngokuphelele lapho uphendula le mibuzo. Kubalulekile ukuphepha kwakho.
Udokotela wakho uzophinde akuyale ukuthi ugweme ukudla notshwalacishe amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-anesthesia ikhulula imisipha yakho, okungabangela ukuthi okuqukethwe esiswini kungene emaphashini akho—okuyinkinga eyingozi. Ungase futhi ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-Aspirin cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Ingabe Kukhona Imiphumela Engemihle?
Ukuzizwa ukhathele kancane noma ukhathele ngemva kokuvuka kuyinto evamile. Ungase futhi ube nale miphumela emibi yesikhashana:
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- Umlomo owomile
- Umphimbo obuhlungu noma ukushoshozela (okuvela epayipini lokuphefumula)
- Ukozela
- Ukuthuthumela
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Ukuluma
- Ukudideka kwesikhashana noma izinkinga zenkumbulo (ezivame kakhulu ezigulini esezikhulile) - lokhu kuvame ukuphela phakathi nesonto.
Ziyini Izingozi?
Kumuntu ophilile, i-anesthesia ejwayelekile iphephile kakhulu . Kodwa-ke, amazinga engozi angaba phezulu kumaqembu athile:
- Abantu abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Iziguli ezikhulile
- Labo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona (isib. umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo/amaphaphu/izinso)
- Labo abane-Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Ababhemayo
- Labo abasebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa igazi
Abantu abaphuza utshwala njalo kufanele baqaphele kakhulu. Ukuphuza utshwala nsuku zonke kungathinta umthamo wokubulala izinzwa kanye nesikhathi sakho sokululama. Sicela ukhulume ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, "ukuqwashisa nge-anesthesia" (ukuqaphela kancane ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa) kungenzeka, kodwa ngenxa yemishini yokuqapha yesimanje, lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukubulala izinzwa okuvamile kuyindlela yesimanje nephephile kakhulu yezokwelapha. Ungavumeli ukuthi ikubangele ukwesaba okungadingekile.
- Udokotela wezinzwa uzokuqapha sonke isikhathi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.
- Hlala uthembekile eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha mayelana nempilo yakho, imithi, kanye nemikhuba yakho (ukubhema/utshwala). Lokhu kuyisivikelo sakho.
- Landela ngokuqinile imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuzila ukudla.
- Imiphumela eminingi emibi ingeyesikhashana. Uma unezinkinga eziqhubekayo, xhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha noma ufune izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima.
I-Anesthesia, I-Anesthesia Ejwayelekile, Ukuhlinzwa, Ukuhlinzwa, Udokotela Wokubulala Izinzwa
