I-ADHD yisimo sengqondo okukhulunywa ngaso kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwentsha. Kusho ukuthi kunzima ukunaka, kukhona ukuxhamazela, futhi kukhona ukuthambekela kokwenza izinto ngokuphamazela. Ngakho-ke, odokotela banikeza imithi njengokwelapha lesi simo. Lo muthi uwusizo olukhulu kubantu abaningi ngoba ubasiza ukuba bagxile kangcono ezifundweni zabo nasemsebenzini. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lo muthi, ikakhulukazi uma uthathwa ngemithamo ephezulu, ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela imiphumela emibi engqondweni? Yilokho esikhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Imithi ye-ADHD isebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, imithi ye-ADHD isebenza ngokwandisa amazinga amakhemikhali athile ebuchosheni bethu. La makhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters. Lapho la mazinga enyuka, izinto ezifana nekhono lethu lokugxila, ukuhlela, nokugxila ziyathuthuka. Ziphinde zilawule ukusebenza ngokweqile kanye nokungacabangi. Yingakho le mithi isebenza kahle kangaka kubantu abaningi abane-ADHD.
Nokho, kukhona olunye uhlangothi lwale mali. Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi eminye yale mithi, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziswa ngemithamo ephezulu, yandisa ingozi yezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu zempilo yengqondo: i-psychosis kanye ne-mania.
Kuyini i-psychosis kanye ne-mania?
Ungesabi uma uzwa la mazwi. Masiwaqonde kalula.
- I-Psychosis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso nephupho. Ngamanye amazwi, ulahlekelwa ukuxhumana neqiniso. Ezinye zezimpawu zalokhu yilezi:
- Ukusola abanye ngaphandle kwesizathu kanye nokwesaba njalo ukuthi othile uzokulimaza (imibono yokucabanga ngokweqile).
- Ukuzikhipha emphakathini bese ukhetha ukuba wedwa.
- Ukunganakekeli ukuhlanzeka komuntu kanye nezingubo zakhe.
- Ukudideka umhlaba wangempela kanye nomhlaba ocatshangelwayo.
- Ukukhuluma ngendlela edidayo nengenanjongo.
- Ukuhlanya: Lokhu kungushintsho oluzumayo nolukhulu esimweni sengqondo nasekuziphatheni, oluhambisana nomuzwa ongavamile wamandla amakhulu. Izimpawu zalesi simo zifaka:
- Ukuzizwa ungenakunqotshwa, sengathi ungenza noma yini.
- Ukulala kancane kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokulala amahora ambalwa, uzizwa uqabulekile kakhulu.
- Imicabango yokugijima .
- Ukukhuluma ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokuyeka.
- Ukuvela kwezinkolelo noma imibono engamanga.
Lolu cwaningo lwenziwe kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-16 no-35 ababelaliswe esibhedlela ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo yengqondo , njengoba lesi yisikhathi lapho izimpawu ezifana ne-psychosis zivame ukuqala khona. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi abantu abaphuza imithi ethile ye-ADHD babecishe babe kabili amathuba okuba ne-psychosis noma i-mania kunalabo abangazange bayithathe leyo mithi.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi le ngozi yanda cishe ngokuphindwe kahlanu phakathi kwalabo abathatha umthamo ophezulu!
Ingabe le ngozi iyafana kuyo yonke imithi ye-ADHD?
Cha. Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi evuselelayo ye-ADHD. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ngokusobala ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa kuphela olusengozini. Ake sikubheke ngale ndlela ukuze kube lula ukukuqonda.
| Uhlobo Lomuthi | Imikhiqizo Evamile | Ingozi Yokuphazamiseka Kwengqondo/Ukwesaba |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwe-Amphetamine | U-Adderall, uVyvanse | Ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuthi ingozi iphezulu. Le ngozi iyanda kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu. |
| Uhlobo lwe-Methylphenidate | URitalin, iConcerta | Ngokwalolu cwaningo, akukho ukuxhumana okuqondile okubonisiwe phakathi kwalolu hlobo lwemithi kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo sengqondo/ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. |
Lokhu kwenza kucace ukuthi ingozi inkulu kakhulu yemithi yohlobo lwe-amphetamine efana ne-Adderall. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lomuthi owusebenzisayo.
Ngakho-ke kufanele ngenzeni?
Ukuzwa lezi zinto kungase kukwethuse. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Inhloso yalesi sihloko akukhona ukukwethusa, kodwa ukukufundisa. Lo muthi uphephile kakhulu futhi uwusizo kubantu abaningi uma usetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, nangaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela .
Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze:
1. Qaphela umthamo: Ungathathi imithi engaphezu kwalokho okunqunywe udokotela nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho ukuhlolwa kusondela, lapho umsebenzi unzima, noma lapho umngane ekutshela ukuthi wenjenjalo, ungawandisi umthamo ngendlela ozizwa ngayo. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ngokusobala ukuthi ingozi iyanda njengoba umthamo ukhula.
2. Khuluma nodokotela wakho: Uma unenkinga noma ukhathazekile ngalokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho ngokukhululekile. Mtshele ngesilinganiso semithi yakho, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha ozizwayo, kanye nokukhathazeka kwakho. Angase anqume ukushintsha isilinganiso sakho noma akushintshele komunye umuthi.
3. Qaphela izimpawu: Uma uphuza imithi ye-ADHD, noma umazi umuntu ophuza imithi enjalo, qaphela izimpawu ze-psychosis noma i-mania esixoxe ngayo ngenhla (ukusola ngokweqile, ukuzihlukanisa nabantu, amandla angavamile, ukukhuluma ngokushesha). Uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungaya nase-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi ye-amphetamine (isib. i-Adderall) esetshenziselwa i-ADHD ingandisa ingozi yokuba nezimo zengqondo ezifana ne-psychosis noma i-mania uma ithathwa ngemithamo ephezulu.
- Ucwaningo aluzange lubonise ukuxhumana okucacile nale ngozi yemithi yohlobo lwe-methylphenidate (isib. i-Ritalin).
- Ungalokothi ushintshe noma wandise umthamo wemithi yakho ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebonisa izimpawu zengqondo ezingavamile (ukusola ngokweqile, izinguquko ezinkulu ekuziphatheni) ngenkathi usebenzisa lo muthi, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Uma isetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqondisa okufanele kukadokotela, le mithi iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile kubantu abaningi.
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