Umzimba wethu unekhono elimangalisayo! Ake sifunde nje nge-homeostasis emzimbeni.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi zingaki izinto ezenzeka njalo emizimbeni yethu? Ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele, ukuze izinhlelo ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu zisebenze kahle, konke kudingeka kube nokulinganisela okuthile. Lokho kulinganisela yilokho umqondo we-"Homeostasis" esizokhuluma ngawo namuhla obhekisela kukho. Njengoba nje imoto isebenza kahle, zonke izingxenye ezisele kudingeka zibe sesimweni esihle.

Kalula nje, iyini i-Homeostasis?

Igama elithi ``Homeostasis`` livela emagameni amabili esiGreki. Lisho ``ukulingana'' kanye ``ukuqhubeka uthule.'' Kalula nje, i-homeostasis inqubo umzimba ogcina ngayo indawo yawo yangaphakathi - ​​njengokushisa kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo - ezingeni elifanayo . Njenge-``thermostat`` elawula izinga lokushisa endlini yethu, imizimba yethu izama njalo ukugcina konke "kusesimweni esifanele".

Cabanga ngokuthi ibhalansi ibaluleke kangakanani. Uma kukhona okungaphezu kwamandla, kuvela izinkinga, akunjalo? Isibonelo, amanzi abalulekile empilweni. Kodwa uma uphuza amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, isimo esiyingozi njenge-`( Hyponatremia )` singavela. Kunjalo nangomoya-mpilo. Uma uqhubeka nokuphefumula umoya-mpilo omsulwa, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Oxygen toxicity)` singavela futhi singabulala. Yingakho ibhalansi kulo mzimba ibaluleke kangaka.

Le nqubo ye-homeostasis yenzeka kanjani?

Le nqubo ye-homeostasis yenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo emizimbeni yethu. Njengohlelo lwekhompyutha. Ilawulwa yingxenye ekhethekile yobuchopho bethu ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Hypothalamus". Lokhu kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• Indlela yokuphendula engemihle
• Indlela yokuphendula okuhle

Kuyini impendulo engemihle?

Igama elithi 'negative' lapha alisho ukuthi 'kubi', akunjalo? Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho umzimba wethu uzwa ushintsho (okungukuthi, ushintsho olungaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile), umzimba uzama ukuguqula noma ukunciphisa lolo shintsho olungafuneki . Njenge-'AC' endlini. Lapho igumbi lishisa kakhulu, i-'AC' iyavuleka bese ipholisa igumbi. Lapho igumbi libanda kakhulu, i-'AC' iyacima. Izinqubo eziningi ze-homeostasis emzimbeni wethu zincike kulokhu '(Impendulo Engemihle)'.

Ukunikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Umfutho wegazi : Umfutho wegazi wakho ulawula ukugeleza kwegazi ekhanda lakho ngokumelene namandla adonsela phansi. Lapho umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka, umzimba wakho uzama ukuwunciphisa, futhi uma wehla, uzama ukuwukhulisa.
• Izinga lokushisa lomzimba: Uma ushisa kakhulu, uyajuluka ukuze uzipholise. Uma ubanda, uyathuthumela ukuze uzigcine ufudumele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-thermal homeostasis'.
• Ukuphuza uketshezi emzimbeni : Uma uphuza amanzi amaningi, kuzodingeka uchame kaningi, akunjalo? Lahla lawo manzi engeziwe.
• Amazinga e-oksijini: Uma usebenza (isib., ukugijima), izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nezinga lokuphefumula kuyanda ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo somoya-mpilo esikhulayo. Lokhu kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma uphumule. Lesi yisibonelo se-homeostasis yokuphefumula kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi.

Kuyini impendulo enhle?

`(Impendulo Enhle)` I-Homeostasis yilapho inqubo iqala, iba namandla futhi iqhubeke yenzeka. Njengoba nje uma uphonsa ibhola elincane leqhwa phansi usuka phezulu entabeni, liyagingqika libe yintaba enkulu. Le nqubo iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho imbangela yokuqala isihambile.

Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo:

• Ukubeletha: Lapho kuqala ukubeletha , umlomo wesibeletho uqala ukwanda. Izimpawu zemizwa ziya ebuchosheni. Ubuchopho bukhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-Oxytocin. Le Oxytocin ibangela ukuthi isibeletho sinciphe (kuba nobuhlungu). Njengoba umlomo wesibeletho ukhula kakhulu, ubuchopho bukhipha i-Oxytocin eyengeziwe, futhi ukuncipha kuba namandla. Lokhu kuyayeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho ubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
• I-Hemostasis: Uma unenxeba futhi uphuma igazi, izinto ezivimba igazi egazini lakho ziyavuselelwa bese ziqala ukuvala inxeba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi 'zikhuluma' nezinye izinto ezivimba igazi ukuze zisize. Izinto eziningi ziyanezelwa ngale ndlela kuze kube yilapho ukuphuma kwegazi kunqamuka.
• Ukusabela komzimba kanye nokuvuvukala: Uma unegciwane noma ukulimala, isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sibangela ukuvuvukala. Ukuvuvukala kufana nomzimba wethu okhanyisa indawo. Kutshela amangqamuzana omzimba ukuthi aye kuphi ngqo. Futhi amangqamuzana omzimba afike endaweni azoqhubeka nokubangela ukuvuvukala kuze kube yilapho edinga usizo olwengeziwe.

Kungani i-Homeostasis ibaluleke kangaka kithi?

Eqinisweni, asinakuphila ngaphandle kwale nqubo ye-homeostasis. Futhi, uma ubheka zonke izifo, zonke izimo zezokwelapha, kukhona ukwehluleka okuthile kule nqubo ye-homeostasis. Cabanga ngakho, uma ulimala noma ugula, umzimba wakho uzama ukuzelapha ngokushintsha lezi zinqubo ze-homeostasis. Yingakho uthola umkhuhlane uma unegciwane, futhi yingakho uthola ihlule legazi uma unenxeba elophayo.

Izimo ezingapheli zenzeka lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle futhi uhlelo lwethu lwe-homeostasis luba buthakathaka kakhulu ukuba lungaphathwa. Isibonelo, umfutho wegazi ophakemeUmfutho wegazi ophakeme kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukugcina umfutho wegazi ophilile. I-Osteoporosis yenzeka lapho i-calcium ilahleka emathanjeni ngokushesha kunaleyo efakwayo.

Ezinye izifo zivela ngoba le nqubo ye-homeostasis ayisebenzi kahle, okwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba : Ukungezwani komzimba kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ethu esabela entweni engeyona ingozi, ecabanga ukuthi, 'Lokhu kuyingozi.' Ukungezwani komzimba okuncane kungase kube yinto ecasulayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ukusabela kuba namandla kakhulu, yonke inqubo ye-homeostasis ingaba yingozi. Isibonelo, abantu abaningi bazwa ubuhlungu obuncane kanye nokuvuvukala lapho behlatshwa yi-wasp. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu ongezwani nobuhlungu be-wasp, isimo esisongela ukuphila (i-anaphylaxis) singavela.
• Izifo ezizenzakalelayo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela ngephutha izingxenye zomzimba wethu ezinempilo. Ukube isisulu bekuyisifo noma ukulimala, impendulo ibiyoba evamile futhi inempilo.
• I-Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) noma i-Sepsis: Impendulo yesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ivame ukuba namandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi iyeke lapho imbangela yokuqala isiphelile. Kodwa-ke, uma isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba sisabela kakhulu ekuqaleni, inqubo ingaba yingozi ngokushesha. Yingakho izimo ezifana ne-`(CRS)` kanye ne-`(Sepsis)` zingaba yingozi ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izinhlelo ezahlukene emzimbeni wethu zisiza kanjani kule nqubo ye-homeostasis?

Imizimba yethu iyimishini emangalisayo. Uhlelo ngalunye lusebenza ndawonye ukuze kulondolozwe lokhu kulinganisela (`i-Homeostasis`). Ake sibheke ukuthi izinhlelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zinikela kanjani kulokhu.

Isimiso sezinzwa sisiza kanjani kulokhu?

Uhlelo lwakho lwezinzwa lulinganisela umsebenzi walo lusebenzisa izinhlelo ezimbili ezingaphansi ezisebenza ngokuphambene. Lezi zinhlelo ezimbili ezingaphansi ziyingxenye yesistimu yakho yezinzwa ezizimele. Ziyi:

• Isimiso sezinzwa esinozwela: Yilokhu okusebenzayo uma usengozini yokuzivikela. Futhi kuyimbangela yempendulo yakho "yokulwa noma ukubaleka". Cabanga ukuthi uma uxosha inja ngokuzumayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuyakhuphuka, uyajuluka, amehlo akho abe makhulu... yilokho okusebenzayo ngaleso sikhathi.
• Isimiso sezinzwa se-Parasympathetic: Yilokhu okuzolisa umzimba wakho. Yilokhu okubaluleke kakhulu uma uzizwa uphephile futhi ukhululekile, njengalapho usudle kahle futhi ukhululekile.

Uhlelo lwamathambo (i-skeleton) lusiza kanjani ekukhuleni kwe-homeostasis?

Uhlelo lwakho lwamathambo luhlala luqhubeka nomjikelezo wokunakekelwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izicubu ezindala zamathambo ziyaqhekeka bese kwakheka izicubu ezintsha zamathambo. I-Vitamin D ne-calcium kubalulekile ukuze le nqubo isebenze kahle. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukhula, le nqubo yokunakekelwa iyancipha ngokwemvelo. Uma izicubu zamathambo zilahleka ngokushesha kunokuba umzimba ungakha ithambo elisha, izimo ezifana ne-"Osteopenia" noma i-"Osteoporosis" (ukulahlekelwa amathambo) kungenzeka.

Uhlelo lokuphefumula lusiza kanjani nge-homeostasis?

Uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lusiza ekugcineni izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-homeostasis. Izibonelo ezimbili eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukulawula amazinga omoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke: Yingakho uma wenza umsebenzi womzimba (isib. ukuvivinya umzimba), uphefumula ngokushesha nangokujulile. Umzimba udinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe ngaleso sikhathi.
• I-pH yegazi (ibhalansi ye-acid-base): Umzimba wakho usebenzisa i-carbon dioxide ukulawula i-pH yegazi lakho (ibhalansi ye-acid-base). Igazi lethu livame ukuba ne-alkaline kancane, okusho ukuthi liphambene ne-asidi. Uma i-pH yegazi lakho idlula kakhulu kokujwayelekile, ungase ube ne-respiratory acidosis noma i-respiratory alkalosis.

Isistimu ye-endocrine inegalelo kanjani ku-homeostasis?

Uhlelo lwakho lwe-endocrine (noma uhlelo lwama-hormone, ngamafuphi) lusiza ekugcineni i-homeostasis ezinhlelweni eziningi. Esinye isizathu salokhu ukuthi uhlelo lwe-endocrine lukhiqiza ama-hormone abaluleke kakhulu. Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali. Angatshela izinhlelo zethu zomzimba ukuthi ziqale noma ziyeke izinqubo ezithile. Isibonelo, la ma-hormone asiza ukulawula uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla, i-metabolism, kanye nezinhlelo zokuzala zabesilisa nabesifazane.

Isistimu yemisipha isiza kanjani nge-homeostasis?

Uhlelo lwakho lwemisipha luthembele futhi lusekela i-homeostasis ngezindlela eziningi. Isibonelo esisodwa ukuthi imisipha yakho iyawohloka futhi yakha kabusha njalo. Futhi, njengoba ikhiqiza ukushisa ukuze ikugcine ufudumele, imisipha nayo ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-homeostasis yokushisa. Yilokho okwenzekayo uma uthuthumela emakhazeni.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuleyo ndaba, kukhona intombazane egama linguGoldilocks eya ekhaya lomndeni wamabhere. Njengoba nje ayefuna ukuthi konke 'kuhambe kahle', imizimba yethu isebenza kahle kakhulu uma konke kulinganisela .

Ngokuqonda ukuthi le nqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-Homeostasis" isebenza kanjani, ungasiza umzimba wakho ukuthola nokulondoloza lokho kulinganisela.

Mhlawumbe kusho ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuhamba ngezinyawo, noma ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha isimo sezokwelapha. Ukuthola nokugcina lokhu kulinganisela kungaba yinselele, kodwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezingeni lakho lempilo.Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ungakwenza. Nakekela umzimba wakho, futhi uzokunakekela!

I- Homeostasis, ibhalansi yomzimba, impendulo engemihle, impendulo enhle, ukulawulwa kwe-autoregulation, izinhlelo zomzimba, impilo