Uke wathatha umuthi wokugomela i-Pfizer noma i-Moderna COVID-19 ? Khona-ke uzuze ngokungazi kubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu kwezokwelapha. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge -nanomedicine , engenza izinto ezimangalisayo kangaka. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake silichaze kalula, ngolimi lwethu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Nanomedicine?
Cabanga ngentambo yezinwele zakho. Incane kangakanani? Manje hlukanisa ububanzi baleyo ntambo ngenkulungwane. Yileyo sayizi encane kunazo zonke, engabonakali ngeso lenyama, yilokho i-nanometer eyikho. Sikhuluma ngezinhlayiya ezincane kangangokuthi azikwazi ngisho nokubonwa nge-microscope ejwayelekile yelabhorethri.
Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe be-nano bumayelana nokusebenza ngezinto ngezinga elincane kangaka. Ubuchwepheshe be-nano bumayelana nokusebenzisa lobo buchwepheshe ukuthola izixazululo zezinkinga zethu zezempilo.
Kalula nje, ososayensi bakha amadivayisi amancane nezinto ezingasebenza ezingeni lama-athomu nama-molecule, okuyizinto ezincane kakhulu eziyisisekelo emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu kuvumela ukwelashwa okuqondile kakhulu, okuqondiswe ngqo . Ngenxa yalokho, imiphumela emibi engafuneki ingancishiswa kakhulu.
Isebenza kanjani le nanotechnology?
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Ake sithi ufuna ukuthumela iphasela kumngane wakho eColombo. Ungalinika iphasela isevisi yokuthumela izincwadi eletha kulo lonke elaseSri Lanka. Ngemuva kwalokho lizodlula ezindaweni ezahlukene lifike endaweni efanele.
Noma, ungaya ngqo endlini yomngane wakho bese uyinika othile ozoletha iphakheji. Ngemuva kwalokho uzoliyisa ngqo endaweni efanele, ngaphandle kokuya kwenye indawo, akunjalo?
I-nanomedicine isebenza ngendlela yesibili. Isibonelo, uma unikeza umuthi womdlavuza, ngendlela evamile ( i-chemotherapy ), umuthi uhamba kuwo wonke umzimba. Yingakho amangqamuzana anempilo nawo onakele, okubangela imiphumela emibi njengokulahlekelwa izinwele kanye nesicanucanu .
Kodwa ubuchwepheshe be-nano bungakwazi ukuletha izinhlayiya ezincane (ama-nanoparticles) aqukethe umuthi ngqo emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza , njengesibhamu esihlakaniphile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umonakalo kumaseli anempilo mncane kakhulu.
Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa i-nanomedicine?
Lobu buchwepheshe busesesigabeni sokuqala, kodwa ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi buzoba usizo olukhulu esikhathini esizayo. Sekuvele kunezindawo eziningana ezinkulu lapho busetshenziswa futhi bucwaningwa khona.
| Insimu yesicelo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuxilongwa | Ama-nanoparticles angasetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kokuskena njenge-MRI kanye ne-Ultrasound ukuthola izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthola izifo. |
| Ukwelashwa | Ukulethwa kwemithi okuqondiwe kuvumela ukuthi imithi ithunyelwe ngqo kumaseli anesifo. Emijovweni efana nomuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19, lawa ma-nanoparticles asiza ekuletheni ngokuphephile umlayezo okhuthaza amasosha omzimba (i-mRNA) kumaseli omzimba. |
| Ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu (Ukwelapha Okuvuselelayo) | Izinto ezifana nama-carbon nanotubes sezivele zisetshenziswa ukulungisa izicubu ezonakele. Esikhathini esizayo, lobu buchwepheshe bungasiza ngisho nasekukhuliseni kabusha imizwa eyonakele. |
| I-Theranostics | Lena indlela entsha esesesigabeni socwaningo. Lapha, kokubili ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa nge-nanoparticle eyodwa. |
Yiziphi izifo ezizokwelashwa yi-nanotechnology esikhathini esizayo?
I-nanomedicine inamandla amakhulu okwelapha ezinye izifo eziningi ngaphezu komdlavuza.
Izifo Zezinzwa
Ubuchopho bethu buzungezwe ungqimba oluvikelayo lwamaseli. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).Lokhu kuvimbela izinhlayiya ezinkulu ukuthi zingangeni ebuchosheni. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuletha imithi ezifweni zobuchopho . Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, zingadlula kulesi sithiyo. Lokhu kuye kwaphakamisa amathemba amakhulu okwelapha izifo ezifana nezimila zobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, i-Alzheimer's, kanye ne-meningitis .
Izinkinga Zamehlo
Siyazi ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukunikeza umuthi emehlweni. Ngenxa yezithiyo zokuvikela emehlweni, umuthi awuhambi lapho udinga khona. Kodwa ubuchwepheshe be-nanotechnology bungawuletha umuthi lapho udinga khona. Lokhu kuzosiza ekwelapheni izimo ezifana ne -cataracts, i-glaucoma, kanye nomonakalo we-cornea yeso .
Izifo
I-nanotechnology ingasheshe ibone ukutheleleka kwamagciwane futhi ilethe ama-antibiotic ngqo endaweni yokutheleleka. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukufaka i-nanocoating emishinini yesibhedlela efana nama-catheter nama-valve enhliziyo avimbela amagciwane ukuthi anamathele.
Ukulimala Kwentambo Yomgogodla
Uma umgogodla wonakele, uqala ukusabela kweketanga okulimaza eminye imizwa. Njengobuchopho, umgogodla nawo unesithiyo esivikelayo. Ama-nanoparticles angawela lesi sithiyo ukuze alethe izidakamizwa futhi avimbele umonakalo ukuthi ungasabalali. Esikhathini esizayo, ososayensi banethemba lokudala into efana "nezicafu" ezivela ezintweni ezincane eziqondisa ukukhula kwemizwa.
Lobu buchwepheshe busathuthuka. Mhlawumbe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, uma uya kudokotela wakho, uzokutshela ngomuthi noma ukwelashwa okusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-nano. Ngeke umangale ngalokho ngaleso sikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-nanomedicine iyindlela esezingeni eliphezulu esebenzisa izinhlayiya ezincane ngokuphindwe kazinkulungwane kunezinwele zethu ukuze kutholakale futhi kwelashwe izifo emzimbeni.
- Inzuzo enkulu lapha ukwelashwa okuqondiwe . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuthi ulethwa ngqo kumaseli agulayo, okunciphisa umonakalo kanye nemiphumela emibi kumaseli anempilo.
- Sesivele sibona imiphumela yalobu buchwepheshe emithini yokugomela i-COVID-19 kanye neminye imithi yokwelapha umdlavuza.
- Lobu buchwepheshe bunamandla amakhulu okuhlinzeka ngezixazululo esikhathini esizayo zezifo eziningi okunzima ukuzelapha, njenge-Alzheimer's, i-stroke, kanye nokulimala komgogodla.
- Lona umkhakha othuthuka ngokushesha. Uma udokotela wakho eke wakhuluma ngegama elihlobene nalokhu, ungesabi ukucela incazelo elula.
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