Ubani udokotela wezinzwa? Wake wahlangana naye?

Wake wezwa 'ngodokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa'? Mhlawumbe wena noma othile omaziyo uke welulekwa ngalokho ngudokotela, akunjalo? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane uma uzwa lokho. "O, ngiyazibuza ukuthi kuzodingeka ngenze ukuhlinzwa manje." Kodwa ubani ngempela udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa? Ingabe wenza ukuhlinzwa kuphela? Sizochaza konke lokhu ngendlela elula kakhulu namuhla, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Ubani lo dokotela ohlinza izinzwa? (Udokotela ohlinza izinzwa)

Kalula nje, udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa ungudokotela oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile . Uxilonga futhi elaphe izifo ezithinta uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa - ubuchopho, umgogodla (umthambo oyinhloko emgogodleni), kanye nazo zonke ezinye izinzwa . Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi odokotela abahlinza izinzwa benza ukuhlinzwa kuphela. Kodwa akunjalo. Benza nokwelashwa okungenakuhlinzwa, njengemithi, imijovo ye-steroid, kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba . Eqinisweni, bazama ukwelapha lesi simo ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Ukuhlinzwa kunconywa kuphela uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha sezizanyiwe kodwa zingasebenzi.

Odokotela abahlinza izinzwa nabo belapha izifo zezingxenye zesimiso sethu sezinzwa ezisisekelayo. Okungukuthi:

• Imiphumela ekhanda lakho.
• Izifo zamathambo omgogodla .
• Izinkinga ngama -spinal disc (abantu abaningi bathi 'i-slipped disc', yilokho okuyikho).
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi .
• Ukulimala kwezicubu ezivikelayo kanye nezicubu ezithambile ezimboza izinto ezifana nobuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla.

Ngisho nabanye odokotela bayaxhumana nodokotela abahlinza izinzwa uma bedinga ulwazi olujulile mayelana nesimiso sezinzwa, ngoba yilokho ukuqeqeshwa kwabo okubanzi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Neurology kanye ne-Neurosurgeon?

Lokhu futhi kuyinto abantu abaningi abadideka ngayo. Ake sibone ukuthi umehluko omkhulu uyini phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.

Udokotela wezinzwa udokotela oxilonga, elapha, futhi ephatha izifo ezithinta uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa (ubuchopho, umgogodla, imizwa). Kodwa-ke, udokotela wezinzwa akenzi ukuhlinzwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, udokotela wezinzwa uthola izifo zesimiso sezinzwa futhi azelaphe ngokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa okungekona ukuhlinzwa .

Cabanga nje, uma unesifo noma ingozi ehlobene nesimiso sezinzwa, ungase uqale uye kudokotela wezinzwa. Uzokuhlola bese ethola ukuthi isifo sikhona. Uma ecabanga ukuthi isimo sakho sidinga noma singazuza ekuhlinzweni, uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezinzwa ukuze athole iseluleko esengeziwe, futhi uma kudingeka, ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Uyaqonda?

Yini eyenziwa udokotela wezinzwa?

Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa uhlola, axilonge, futhi elaphe izimo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa lomzimba wethu, oluhlanganisa ubuchopho, intambo yomgogodla, kanye nentambo yomgogodla, kanye nazo zonke izinzwa eziphuma emgogodleni.

Nakuba odokotela abahlinza izinzwa bengenza ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi emgogodleni wakho nasebuchosheni, bavame ukuncoma ukwelashwa okungadingi ukuhlinzwa, okungadingi ukuhlinzwa kuqala. Isibonelo, uma unezinhlungu ezingapheli zomhlane, udokotela wakho ohlinza izinzwa angase aqale ngokuncoma imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye/noma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Uma lokhu kwelashwa kungabuqedi ubuhlungu bakho, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa, uma kungenzeka, kungacatshangelwa.

Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa unekhono ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile : Lokhu kusho ukuhlinzwa okuhilela ukusika ngendlela evamile.
• Ukuhlinzwa okungenangozi kangako : Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka izinto ezifana namakhamera ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezincane. Lokhu kuphumela ezilonda ezincane kanye nokuphulukiswa okusheshayo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endoscopic : Lena futhi indlela efana nokuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa Okuncane : Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngobunono obukhulu kusetshenziswa imayikroskopu.
• Ukuhlinzwa Ngemisebe : Lokhu akuhileli ukusika. Kwelashwa ngokukhipha imisebe eningi.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Endovascular : Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngokudluliswa kwamathuluzi amancane emithanjeni yegazi.
• Izinqubo zokungenelela kobuhlungu obungapheli : Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kobuhlungu obungapheli.

Odokotela abahlinza izinzwa nabo baqeqeshwe kakhulu ezivivinyweni ezidingekayo ukuze kutholakale futhi kwelashwe izifo zezinzwa. Banekhono lokusebenza nokuhlaziya imiphumela yalezo zivivinyo:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT (ukuskena kwe-Computed Tomography)
• Izikena ze-MRI (izikena ze-MRI / izikena ze-Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (ukuskena kwe-Positron Emission Tomography)
• I-Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalograms (i-EEG))

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezelashwa odokotela abahlinza izinzwa?

Kunezifo eziningi ezelashwa odokotela abahlinza izinzwa. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo:

• Izimila zobuchopho
• I-Carpal tunnel syndrome : Isimo esibangelwa ukucindezelwa kwemizwa esihlakaleni. Sivame ukwenzeka kubantu abasebenza kumakhompyutha noma abenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo ngezandla zabo.
• Ukuvuza koketshezi lomgogodla (CSF): Lolu uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Luyavuza.
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli emhlane noma entanyeni
• Izifo zobuchopho ezizalwa nazo : Isibonelo, `(Ukukhubazeka kwe-Chiari)` kanye `(Ama-cyst e-Arachnoid)`.
• Izinkinga zomgogodla ezizalwa nazo : Isibonelo, `(i-Spina bifida)` kanye `(i-Tethered spinal cord)`.
• Ukuthuthumela okubalulekile : Isimo lapho izinto ezifana nezandla, imilenze, nekhanda zithuthumela khona.
• Ama-disc ane-herniated : Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-spinal disc iyavuvukala.
• I-Hydrocephalus : Isimo lapho uketshezi luqoqana khona ebuchosheni, okubangela ukuba ikhanda likhule.
• Ama-aneurysms angaphakathi kwekhanda : Ukuvuvukala okufana nebhaluni emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni.
• I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Imizwa ecindezelwe
• I-Sciatica : Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuhamba phansi emlenzeni.
• Izinkinga zokuquleka, njenge-Epilepsy
• Ama-spurs ethambo lomgogodla (ama-osteophyte)
• I-stenosis yomgogodla
• Ukuphuka komgogodla
• Izimila zomgogodla
• Ukukhubazeka komgogodla : Isibonelo, i-scoliosis kanye ne-spondylolisthesis.
• Ukulimala kwekhanda, ubuchopho, intamo noma umgogodla okubuhlungu

Ungesabi uma ubona lolu hlu. Kukhona ukwelashwa kwazo zonke lezi zifo, futhi akuzona zonke ezidinga ukuhlinzwa.

Hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa okwenziwa odokotela abahlinza izinzwa?

Odokotela abahlinza izinzwa benza ukuhlinzwa okuhlukahlukene ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zesimiso sezinzwa, okuhlanganisa ubuchopho, umgogodla, kanye nemizwa emilenzeni. Ake sibheke ezinye zazo:

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kobuchopho:

• Ukususwa kwehlule legazi
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Aneurysm
• Ukususwa kwesimila
• Ukuyeka Ukopha Ebuchosheni
• Ukulungisa umonakalo obangelwe yingozi
• Ukubeka i-shunt (ukususa uketshezi oluningi ebuchosheni)

Ukuhlinzwa kwemizwa engaphandle (imizwa yamalungu):

• Ukukhululwa komhubhe we-Carpal
• Ukukhululwa kwemizwa ye-Ulnar
• Ukuvuselelwa kwemizwa ye-vagus

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa komgogodla:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Stereotactic spine ngemisebe
• Ukususwa kwengxenye yediski (i-diskectomy)
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Laminectomy
• Ukuhlanganiswa komgogodla
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-vertebroplasty kanye ne-kyphoplasty (ukulungisa i-vertebra ephukile ngesimende)
• Ukuzinza komgogodla kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha

Lawa amagama nje. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ezenziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Udokotela uzokhetha ukuthi yikuphi okufanele isimo sakho.

Kungani udinga ukubona udokotela wezinzwa?

Esikhathini esiningi, udokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezinzwa uma edinga ukuhlolwa okujulile kwesimo sakho sezinzwa noma uma ecabanga ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kungaba wusizo.

Khumbula, ukuthi udokotela ukuthumele kudokotela ohlinza izinzwa akusho ukuthi kuzodingeka nakanjani uhlinzwe!

Esikhundleni salokho, uzohlolwa ngokuphelele ngezinzwa , umlando ophelele wezimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wezokwelapha , kanye nokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwezithombe (njenge-MRI kanye ne-CT scans) ukuze kutholakale imbangela eyisisekelo yezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wakho wezinzwa - ngezinye izikhathi ngosizo lwabanye ochwepheshe - uzoxoxa nawe ngezinketho zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu kuwe. Lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa okungenakuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili.

Yini okudingeka uyazi uma uya kudokotela wezinzwa?

Uma uvakashela udokotela wezinzwa, ungambuza imibuzo efana nale. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukunqoba noma yikuphi ukwesaba nokungabaza ongase ube nakho.

Imibuzo ongayibuza:

• "Dokotela, unolwazi olungakanani ekwenzeni lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?"
• "Udinga lolu kuhlinzwa isikhathi esingakanani?"
• "Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona zalokhu kuhlinzwa?"
• "Ziyini izinzuzo zalokhu kuhlinzwa?"
• "Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani ?"
• "Ingabe kufanele ngithole umbono wesibili?"
• "Obani abanye ochwepheshe eqenjini lami lokuhlinzwa?"
• "Ubani omunye ozoba seqenjini lami lokululama ngemva kokuhlinzwa?"
• "Ngizohlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela? Ngizolulama kuphi?"
• "Ngingalulama ngokushesha nangokuphelele kangakanani?"
• "Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngilungiselele ukuhlinzwa?"

Nansi indlela yokulungiselela umhlangano:

• Bhala uhlu lwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzixoxe nodokotela wakho wezinzwa.
• EyakhoNgitshele ngezinguquko empilweni yakho iyonke.
• Sitshele nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha onazo noma yiziphi izinguquko ezimpawini ezindala .
• Thatha amakhophi askeniwe emibiko yokuhlolwa evela kwabanye odokotela.
• Letha uhlu lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, amavithamini, izithasiselo, kanye nemithi yendabuko oyithathayo njengamanje.
• Sitshele ngezinkinga zakho zokungezwani komzimba .
• Uma kungenzeka, hamba nomngane noma ilungu lomndeni. Bangakubhala phansi lokho okushiwo udokotela futhi bakusize.
• Uma kukhona okunye okudingeka ukwazi, cela ukuthi ungakunikeza olunye usuku.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba udokotela wezinzwa? Ingabe uhambo olulula?

Ukuba udokotela wezinzwa akulula. Kudinga iminyaka yemfundo nokuqeqeshwa. Ngokuvamile:

• Iminyaka emi-4 ngaphambi kokuphothula (Imfundo yangaphambi kwezokwelapha).
• Iminyaka engu-4 yesikole sezokwelapha.
• Ukuqeqeshwa konyaka owodwa ekuhlinzeni okuvamile.
• Isikhathi sokuhlala ekwelashweni kwezinzwa siyiminyaka emi-5-7.

Lokho kusho ukuthi kuthatha iminyaka ephakathi kwengu-14 nengu-16 ukuba udokotela wezinzwa! Lesi ngesinye sezikhathi zokuqeqeshwa ezinde kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha. Ngoba lo mkhakha uyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Abanye odokotela abahlinza izinzwa, ngemva kwalokhu kuqeqeshwa, nabo bathola "i-Fellowship" kolunye uhlobo lobuchwepheshe (isib., umgogodla, ukuhlinzwa kwezinzwa zezingane). Futhi, kumele baqhubeke nokufunda izinto ezintsha futhi baqaphele ubuchwepheshe obusha.

Izindawo eziningana ezikhethekile zokuhlinzwa kwezinzwa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwemithambo yegazi (okuhlobene nemithambo yegazi yobuchopho)
• I-neuroradiology yokuhlinzwa kwe-Endovascular
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesifo sokuwa
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-neuro okusebenzayo
• I-Neuro-oncology (umdlavuza wesimiso sezinzwa)
• Ukuhlinzwa kwezinzwa kwezingane
• Ukuhlinzwa komgogodla

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile lapho uthola ukuxilongwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinhlungu ezingapheli noma isimo esithinta isimiso sezinzwa, njengesifo sikaParkinson, udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa angakusiza ukuphatha nokwelapha isimo sakho.

Odokotela abahlinza izinzwa bangochwepheshe abaphezulu kulo mkhakha. Banolwazi ngemithi yakamuva, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuhlinzwa okungakusiza.

Udokotela wakho wezinzwa uzosebenza nawe ukuze anqume uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe. Ngakho-ke, zizwe ukhululekile ukuhlangana naye nixoxe ngezinkinga zakho. Khumbula, ukuhlinzwa akusiyona ikhambi lokugcina ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezimweni eziningi, bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukukusiza ukuthi ululame ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa.

Udokotela Wezinzwa, Ukuhlinzwa Kobuchopho, Ukuhlinzwa Komgogodla, I-Neurology, Udokotela Wezinzwa, Uhlelo Lwezinzwa