Uma uzwa ubuhlungu emhlane noma entanyeni, uzizwa sengathi uthatha umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu ngokushesha, akunjalo? Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi ezweni lakithi bayakwenza lokho. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu ovamile ungasizi, abanye abantu bayalingeka ukusebenzisa umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu onamandla, "onamandla". Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi ukusebenzisa lawa maphilisi okudambisa ubuhlungu aqinile ekuhluphekeni okuzumayo emhlane nasentanyeni akunawo umphumela omkhulu ngempela?
Ziyini lezi zidakamizwa ezinamandla zokuqeda ubuhlungu (ama-opioid)?
Kalula nje, lezi yiqembu elikhethekile lamaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu anikezwa odokotela ukulawula ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngamagama anjengeTramadol, iMorphine, nePethidine. Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-opioid. Lawa avame ukunikezwa ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ubuhlungu bomdlavuza, njll. Athinta ubuchopho kanye nesistimu yezinzwa futhi anciphise umuzwa wobuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, angaba umlutha kakhulu, ngakho akufanele asetshenziswe ngaphandle kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luthini?
Ucwaningo lwamuva olwenziwe yiqembu labacwaningi e-Australia lushicilelwe ephephabhukwini lezokwelapha elidumile emhlabeni wonke *i-Lancet*. Lolu cwaningo lumangaze abantu abaningi ngempela.
Cabanga nje, bahlukanise iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-340 ezaziqale ngokuzumayo ubuhlungu bomhlane noma bentamo, okusho ukuthi zazibe nobuhlungu isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayi-12, ngamaqembu amabili.
1. Iqembu lokuqala: empeleni lanikwa umuthi we-opioid.
2. Iqembu lesibili: lanikwa i-placebo. Okusho ukuthi, into ebukeka njengomuthi, kodwa engenawo umuthi osebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, isiguli asazi ukuthi sithola umuthi wangempela noma umuthi mbumbulu.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo lweminyaka eyi-6 iyamangalisa impela.
Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-6 , akukho mehluko omkhulu emazingeni obuhlungu eziguli kunoma yiliphi iqembu. Futhi imiphumela yayifana ngemva kwamasonto ayi-12. Okusho ukuthi, akukho mehluko omkhulu ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu phakathi komuntu othathe umuthi onamandla wokuqeda izinhlungu nomuntu osanda kuthatha iphilisi.
Abacwaningi bathi, "Le miphumela isikisela ukuthi kufanele sicabange kabusha ngokunikeza ama-opioid ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu bomhlane nentamo, njengoba singatholanga umehluko omkhulu ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo."
Kungani lokhu kubalulekile?
Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba iziqondiso eziningi zezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke zisancoma ama-opioid alolu hlobo lobuhlungu. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi akunangqondo ukunikeza le mithi enamandla kulokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi " ubuhlungu bomhlane ," ubuhlungu obungaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala.
Izingozi zangempela zama-opioid
Ucwaningo luthole okuthile okwesabisa kakhulu kunokuntuleka kokuqeda ubuhlungu: abantu abathatha ama-opioid babesengozini enkulu yokuba umlutha noma yokusebenzisa kabi lesi sidakamizwa ngonyaka olandelayo.
Lena inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke. Kuyingozi kangakanani ukumane unqume indlela eya ekuluthweni ngaphandle kokuqeda ubuhlungu? Nazi ezinye zezinto ezingenzeka ngomlutha we-opioid:
- Ukubekezelela: Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ubuhlungu abupheli ngesilinganiso sangaphambilini, futhi uzizwa sengathi uthatha isilinganiso esiphezulu.
- Ukuthembela Emzimbeni: Uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi, uzoqala ukuzwa izimpawu zokuhoxa, njengokujuluka, izinhlungu zomzimba, isicanucanu kanye nobuhlungu besisu.
- Ukweqisa umthamo: Ukuthatha umthamo omningi kakhulu kungabangela ukwehluleka kokuphefumula ngisho nokufa.
- Eminye imiphumela emibi: Ukuqunjelwa, ukozela , isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nokudideka nakho kuvamile.
Ngakho-ke yini okufanele uyenze ngempela ngobuhlungu bomhlane/wentamo?
Manje cishe ucabanga ukuthi, "Ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ubekezelele lobu buhlungu?" Lutho neze. Kunezindlela eziphephile nezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokuphatha lolu hlobo lobuhlungu obungazelelwe kune-opioids.
1. Ukunyakaza: Sasivame ukuthi uma unesifo somhlane, kufanele uhlale embhedeni. Kodwa manje sithi kufanele wenze umsebenzi wakho ngendlela evamile ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uhambe kancane. Ukuhlala phansi kuhlale kwenza imisipha yakho iqine.
2. Amaphakethe Okushisa/Abandayo: Ukufaka ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo noma iphakethe leqhwa endaweni ebuhlungu kunganikeza impumuzo enhle.
3. Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy: Lesi yisisombululo esihle kakhulu nesesikhathi eside. Udokotela we-physiotherapy uzokufundisa ukuzivocavoca kanye namasu okuqinisa imisipha afanele isimo sakho.
4. Amanye ama-painkiller: I-Paracetamol noma ama-NSAID (Izidakamizwa Ezingezona I-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory) njenge-ibuprofen kanye ne-diclofenac zingase zisebenze kangcono kulolu hlobo lobuhlungu kune-opioids. Kodwa khumbula, kufanele uhlale uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi wale mithi.
Kufanele uye nini kudokotela?
Ubuhlungu obuvamile bomhlane/intamo buzophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Kodwa-ke, kunezimpawu ezithile okufanele zenze ukuthi udokotela asheshe athole usizo . Lezi sizibheka njengezimpawu "ezibomvu."
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ndikindiki emilenzeni noma endaweni yesitho sangasese, ukungakwazi ukulawula umchamo noma indle. | Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinte umgogodla. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kwengozi noma ukuwa. | Kungase kube nokulimala okukhulu noma ithambo eliphukile. |
| Ubuhlungu obuhambisana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo. | Kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka noma esinye isimo sezempilo esibucayi. |
| Ubuhlungu buyaqina ebusuku futhi buyaqhubeka ngisho nalapho uphumule. | Kungase kube nesimo esidinga uphenyo olujulile. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungahlali ekhaya ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izifundo zakamuva ziqinisekisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemithi enamandla yokubulala izinhlungu (ama-opioid) akunikezi impumuzo ebalulekile ebuhlungwini obungazelelwe, besikhathi esifushane bomhlane nentamo.
- Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi le mithi ayinikezi ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini, kodwa futhi inengozi enkulu yokulutha kanye neminye imiphumela emibi eyingozi.
- Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kobuhlungu bomhlane/entanyeni ukunyakaza okufanele, ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, kanye nemithi yobuhlungu ephephile ethathwa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu anamandla, ikakhulukazi ama-opioid, ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.
- Uma ubuhlungu bakho buhambisana nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukungakhululeki, noma ukulahlekelwa ukulawula isinyi/amathumbu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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