Ungase umangale ukuzwa ukuthi kunezigidigidi zamabhaktheriya ahlala emizimbeni yethu. Kuyiqiniso. Lawa mabhaktheriya ahlala ezindaweni ezifana namathumbu ethu nezinhlelo zokuzala. Iningi lawo lenza izinto ezinhle, njengokusisiza ukugaya ukudla esikudlayo futhi lithonye imizwa yethu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, amanye ala mabhaktheriya angasibangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngolunye uhlobo olunjalo lwamabhaktheriya.
Ziyini i-Enterococci?
Kalula nje, ama-enterococci ayiqembu lamagciwane avame ukuhlala emathunjini ethu. Eqinisweni, angatholakala emathunjini cishe azo zonke izilwane emhlabeni. Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-17 kuleli qembu, zimbalwa izinhlobo ezibangela ukutheleleka kubantu. Kulezi, ezimbili eziyinhloko yilezi:
- I-Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)
- I-Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium)
Inkinga enkulu ngalezi zifo zamagciwane ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuzelapha. Isizathu ukuthi la magciwane awakwazi ukubulawa kalula ngama -antibiotic ajwayelekile. Ngamanye amazwi, amelana kakhulu nemithi .
Lokhu kusuleleka kwenzeka kanjani?
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokutheleleka kwe-enterococcal kubantu lubangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Enterococcus faecalis. Leli bhaktheriya lihlukile ngoba lingasinda ezimweni eziningi zemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukushisa okukhulu nokubanda. Ngaphezu kwamathumbu ethu, leli bhaktheriya lingaphila nasemilonyeni yethu nasezithweni zangasese zabesifazane.
Ngenxa yala makhono akhethekile aleli gciwane, ama-antibiotic amaningi awasebenzi ngokumelene nalezi zifo. Isibonelo, leli gciwane lingamelana nama-antibiotic amaningi alandelayo:
| Isigaba semithi yama-antibiotic | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ama-penicillin | I-Penicillin, i-Ampicillin, i-Amoxicillin |
| I-Cephalosporins | Imelana nezinhlobo eziningi ze-cephalosporins. |
| Ama-Glycopeptides | I-Vancomycin (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci – VRE) |
Yiziphi izinkinga zempilo ezingabangelwa yi-Enterococci?
Lokhu kutheleleka ngamagciwane kuvame ukubonwa ezibhedlela. Ngokwezibalo, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana ne-United States, inani elikhulu lokutheleleka komgudu womchamo , ukutheleleka kwamanxeba , ukutheleleka kwegazi, kanye nokutheleleka kwenhliziyo kubikwa minyaka yonke ngenxa yaleli gciwane. Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zifo ngokwehlukana.
| Uhlobo lokutheleleka | Incazelo kanye nezimpawu |
|---|---|
| Izifo Zomgudu Womchamo (UTIs) | Ukutheleleka noma kuphi ohlelweni lwakho lomchamo (izinso, esinyeni, urethra). Abesifazane basengozini enkulu. Izimpawu: - Isidingo sokuphuza njalo – Ukushisa kanye nobuhlungu lapho uchama – Umchamo onamafu, obomvu, opinki, noma onombala omnyama - Ubuhlungu besisu esingezansi |
| Izifo Ezingamanxeba | Ukutheleleka kwamanxeba, imihuzuko, ukulunywa yizilwane, amanxeba aboshwe, njll. ngokuvamile kungenzeka zingakapheli amahora angama-24-72. Izimpawu: – Ubomvu buphuma esilondeni – Ukusabalalisa ubomvu nxazonke kwesilonda - Ubuhlungu obandayo nokuvuvukala - Imfiva – Ama-lymph node avuvukele |
| Amabhaktheriya angena egazini (i-Bacteremia) | Ukutheleleka emzimbeni (isib. ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo) kusakazekela egazini. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Izimpawu: – Umkhuhlane kanye nokubanda – Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza - Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo – Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi |
| Ukutheleleka kwe-valve yenhliziyo (i-Endocarditis) | Amabhaktheriya asakazeka egazini anganamathela olwelwesini lwenhliziyo kanye nama-valve enhliziyo, okubangela ukutheleleka. Lesi futhi yisimo esibi kakhulu . Izimpawu: – Izimpawu zomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, njengomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nokujuluka ebusuku - Ukububula kwenhliziyo okusha – Amaqhubu amancane ezandleni noma ezinyaweni |
Leli gciwane lisakazeka kanjani?
Ukutheleleka kwe-E. faecalis kuvame ukusabalala ezindaweni zesibhedlela. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi iziguli ezilaliswe esibhedlela zinesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka .
Ngokuvamile, leli gciwane lidluliselwa ngabasebenzi basesibhedlela. Amanye awo angaphila emathunjini awo ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu. Futhi, leli gciwane lingasakazekela ezigulini ngemishini ethile yezokwelapha esetshenziswa ezibhedlela.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izibhedlela zilandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokuhlanzeka, ukubulala amagciwane, kanye nokubulala amagciwane. Ezibhedlela lapho izinqubo ezinjalo zisetshenziswa kahle, ingozi yokusabalalisa izifo ezinjalo iphansi kakhulu.
Ziphathwa kanjani lezi zifo?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa yi-E. faecalis kuyinselele ngoba leli gciwane limelana nama-antibiotic amaningi.
Ngakho-ke, odokotela bavame ukwelapha ngenhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi. Isibonelo, umuthi othinta udonga lweseli lebhaktheriya (isib. i-penicillin, i-ampicillin, i-vancomycin) unikezwa kanye ne -aminoglycoside (isib. i-gentamicin, i-streptomycin).
Kodwa-ke, izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu, njengezifo zesikhumba kanye nokutheleleka kwe-valve yenhliziyo (i-endocarditis), zingadinga inhlanganisela ehlukile yemithi. Kodwa-ke, izimo ezifana nokutheleleka kwe-urinary tract (UTIs) kulula ukuzelapha. I-antibiotic eyodwa, njenge-ampicillin, inganele.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi lezi yizifo ezinkulu, uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulaliswa esibhedlela, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.Ungalokothi uzame ukuzelapha. Ukwelashwa kufanele kunqunywe udokotela kuphela ngemva kokuhlola isimo sakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Enterococci uhlobo lwamagciwane avame ukuhlala emathunjini ethu, kodwa kwezinye izimo angabangela ukutheleleka okukhulu.
- Lezi zifo zivame ukwenzeka phakathi kweziguli ezibhedlela futhi kunzima ukuzelapha ngoba ziyamelana nama-antibiotic amaningi.
- Izifo ezahlukahlukene zingavela, kusukela ekuthelelekeni komgudu womchamo kanye nokutheleleka kwamanxeba kuya ekuthelelekeni kwegazi kanye nenhliziyo okusongela ukuphila (`Bacteremia`, `Endocarditis`).
- Ukunamathela emikhubeni yokuhlanzeka eqinile ezibhedlela kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela lokhu kutheleleka.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukutheleleka ngamanxeba, noma ukutheleleka ngomgudu womchamo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokukhishwa esibhedlela, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
I-Enterococci, i-Enterococcus faecalis, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo zasesibhedlela, ukumelana nama-antibiotic, izifo zomgudu womchamo, izifo ezibangelwa amanxeba
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