Ingabe unekati ekhaya? Ngakho-ke qaphela lokhu: Konke mayelana ne-Toxoplasmosis!

Wake wezwa ngesifo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Toxoplasmosis'? Mhlawumbe akunjalo. Kodwa uma unekati ekhaya lakho ngenxa yothando, noma uma ungumama okhulelwe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi okuncane ngaso. Kuyisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite encane kakhulu, engabonakali . Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi siyini, sibangelwa kanjani, ukuthi ubani othinteka kakhulu, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani kuso.

Kuyini i-Toxoplasmosis? Kalula nje…

I-Toxoplasmosis ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-parasite encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Le parasite izala, noma iveza inzalo yayo, emathunjini amakati. La parasite achitheka endle yamakati. Singayithola lesi sifo ngokuthintana ngqo nendle yamakati (isibonelo, lapho sihlanza ibhokisi lokulahla udoti), noma ngokudla inyama equkethe le parasite (uma idliwe ingaphekiwe kahle).

Esikhathini esiningi, asinazo izimpawu uma sithola lokhu kutheleleka . Kodwa lapho amasosha ethu omzimba (njengamasosha alwela ukuvikela imizimba yethu ezifweni) ehlasela lawa ma-parasite, akha amahlumela amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama- cyst ngaphakathi komzimba. Ngaphakathi kwala ma-cyst, i-parasite ingahlala ithule futhi ingabangeli izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma ama-parasite ngaphakathi kwala ma-cyst ephinde asebenze kamuva, khona-ke lesi sifo sizovela.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-toxoplasmosis?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani angangenwa yi-parasite ye-T. gondii. Kodwa, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, abantu abaningi ababonisi zimpawu . Amasosha omzimba wakho alawula lesi silwanyana ngasese.

Kodwa-ke, i-toxoplasmosis ingaba yingozi kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nakubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka , njengalabo abangenwe yi -HIV kanye neziguli ezinomdlavuza . Akutholakalanga ukuthi ukuba nekati ekhaya kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Kwenzekani uma uthola i-toxoplasmosis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Uma ungenwa yi-toxoplasmosis ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma usuzokhulelwa, igciwane lingadlulela enganeni yakho lisuka kuwe lidlule nge-placenta. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuphuphuma kwesisu nokuzalwa kwengane isishonile.Ngaphandle kwalokho, ingane ingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana nezinkinga zokubona, ubumpumputhe, ukubambezeleka kokukhula, kanye nokukhubazeka kokufunda. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ingabe amasosha omzimba wakho abuthakathaka?

Uma uphila ne-HIV, unomdlavuza, noma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa amasosha omzimba, amasosha omzimba wakho awasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukulwa nezifo. Sibabiza laba bantu ngokuthi banesifo sokuzivikela komzimba .

Nakuba umuntu ojwayelekile engalwa ne-toxoplasmosis ngaphandle kwezimpawu, kumuntu onesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, ukutheleleka okusha noma ukuphindeka kokutheleleka okudala kungaba yingozi empilweni .

Uma uke waba ne-toxoplasmosis, i-parasite ye-T. gondii ihlala kuma-cyst emzimbeni wakho. Uma isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka, la ma-parasite angasebenzi angaphinde asebenze futhi akwenze ugule. Uma engelashwa, angalimaza izitho zomzimba futhi abangele nokufa kumuntu onesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka.

Sivame kangakanani lesi sifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-toxoplasmosis?

Emhlabeni wonke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabathathu utheleleke ngegciwane i-T. gondii. Kodwa ngokumangalisayo, abantu abaningi abathelelekile ababonisi zimpawu.

Yini ebangela i-toxoplasmosis? Ingena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu yi-parasite `T. gondii`. Siyithola ngokudla ngokungazi into equkethe le parasite.

Ngenxa yendlela lesi sidalwa esicasha ngayo emzimbeni, ungaba nezimpawu ngokushesha lapho uqala ukutheleleka noma kamuva. Lapho isidalwa esicashayo singena emzimbeni okokuqala, abanye abantu baba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, amasosha ethu omzimba alawula lokhu kutheleleka kokuqala ngaphandle kwezimpawu.

Lapho amangqamuzana ethu omzimba elwa nalesi silwanyana, i-T. gondii yakha amasaka amancane (ama-cyst) emzimbeni. Ngaphakathi kwala ma-cyst, angahlala isikhathi eside engasebenzi, ngaphandle komsebenzi. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi nakuba la ma-cyst ngezinye izikhathi eqhuma futhi ama-parasite ekhishwa, isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela siyawalwa futhi siwagcine elawulwa. Njengasekuthelelekeni kokuqala, ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu ngalesi sikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, uma isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sibuthakathaka, amagciwane aphuma kulawo ma-cyst aqhekekile angabangela icala elisha le-toxoplasmosis (ukuvuselelwa).

Ngakho-ke lesi silwanyana singena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?

Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngokudla ngokungazi into equkethe i-'T. gondii' virus.

I-parasite ethi `T. gondii` ihlala emathunjini amakati futhi ikhishwa endle yawo. Le ndle yamakati ingangcolisa inhlabathi, amanzi, izitshalo, ngisho nokudla esikudlayo.

Ungayithola ngokungazi le ntsholongwane ngezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlanza ibhokisi likadoti lekati.
• Ukulima ezindaweni lapho amakati ezulazula khona.
• Ukuphuza amanzi angahlungiwe noma angakalungiswa.
• Ukudla izithelo noma imifino engagezwanga.
• Ukudla inyama engaphekiwe kahle noma engafakwanga efrijini ngendlela engafanele.

I-Toxoplasmosis akuyona isifo esingadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye (yize singadluliselwa kusuka kumama okhulelwe kuya enganeni yakhe). Futhi, ngokungavamile, ingadluliselwa ngokufakelwa isitho esithelelekile noma ngokumpontshelwa igazi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis?

Lezi zimpawu zincike ekutheni igciwane lisebenza kuphi emzimbeni. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ngabe liyigciwane elisha (elinamandla), ukuvuselelwa, noma ukutheleleka okuzalwa nakho.

Izimpawu ze-Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-parasite ye-T. gondii ihlasela iso elilodwa noma womabili. Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala ezinganeni ezincane noma kubantu abadala abasebasha abangenwe yi-T. gondii lapho bezalwa . Akuvamile ukuthi iso lithinteke ngisho nalapho i-T. gondii iqala ukubonakala. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu bamehlo.
• Umbono ofiphele.
• Ubumpumputhe.

Izimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis ebukhali

Lena yindlela umzimba osabela ngayo lapho ubhekene ne-parasite ye-T. gondii okokuqala. Iningi labantu alibi nazo izimpawu . Kodwa-ke, abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kanye nokubanda. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Imfiva.
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha.
• Ama-lymph node angenabuhlungu, avuvukele entanyeni noma emakhwapheni.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Ukwanda kwesibindi kanye ne-spleen (i-hepatosplenomegaly).
• I-toxoplasmosis yeso (lokhu akuvamile kakhulu).

Izimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis evuselelwe

Uma unesifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibuthakathaka, ungase ube nokutheleleka kwe-T. gondii kwangaphambilini okungasakwazi ukulwa nokutheleleka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abantu abane-AIDS noma umdlavuza, noma abantu abathatha imithi ecindezela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-toxoplasmosis kuvame ukubangela izimpawu ezithinta ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla (isimiso sezinzwa esiphakathi noma i-CNS) . Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ukudideka.
• Ukuxhuzula kwesifo sokuwa ( ukuxhuzula ).
• Imfiva.
• Ukulahlekelwa amandla ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso (ukukhubazeka kobuso).
• Izinguquko embonweni.
• Ukuba ndikindiki.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukwehla kokunyakaza.
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho (`i-Toxoplasmic encephalitis`).
• I-Coma.

Izimpawu ze-Congenital Toxoplasmosis

Lokhu kwenzeka uma igciwane lidluliselwa kusuka kumama liye enganeni nge-placenta. Ezinye izingane zingase zingabi nazimpawu lapho zizalwa, kodwa zisengozini enkulu yokuthola izimpawu kamuva ekuphileni . Lezi zimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo (i-jaundice).
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba.
• Ukwanda kwesibindi kanye ne-spleen (i-hepatosplenomegaly).
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono, ubuhlungu bamehlo, noma ukuzwela ukukhanya (i-retinochoroiditis).
• Ukufakwa kwe-calcium ebuchosheni.
• I-Hydrocephalus (uketshezi ebuchosheni).
• Ikhanda elincane (i-microcephaly).
• Ukuquleka kwesifo sokuwa.
• Ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhono okunyakaza.
• Ukulibaziseka noma izinguquko zokufunda.
• I-toxoplasmosis yeso.

Itholakala kanjani i-toxoplasmosis? Udokotela uyithola kanjani?

Ukuze kutholakale i-toxoplasmosis, udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga futhi akubuze ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe njengalokhu:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Yilokhu okwenziwa kakhulu. Inani elincane legazi liyathathwa emthanjeni wakho bese lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kuhlolwe ama-antibodies e-parasite ye-T. gondii. Ngezinye izikhathi, bahlola nezingxenye ze-parasite (i-DNA).
• Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu: Lokhu akwenziwa njalo. Kuthathwa ingcezu yezicubu emzimbeni bese kuhlolwa izimpawu ze-T. gondii.
• Izithombe: Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-toxoplasmosis ebuchosheni bakho, angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe nge-CT scan noma nge-MRI. Lokhu kuhilela ukukulalisa emshinini bese uthatha izithombe zobuchopho bakho.
• Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa uma usola ukuthi une-toxoplasmosis ebuchosheni bakho noma emgogodleni . Kulokhu kuhlolwa, udokotela usebenzisa inaliti ukususa inani elincane loketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) emhlane wakho ongezansi. Luthunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze luhlolwe i-T. gondii.
• I-Amniocentesis: Uma ukhulelwe futhi utholakale une-toxoplasmosis, udokotela wakho angase akucele lokhu kuhlolwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha isampula yamaseli avela oketshezini (i-amniotic fluid) oluzungeze ingane yakho ukuze kubhekwe izimpawu ze-T. gondii.
• Ukuskena nge-ultrasound: Uma ukhulelwe futhi utholakale une-toxoplasmosis, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uskenwe nge-ultrasound. Nakuba lokhu kukodwa kungenakukwazi ukuxilonga i-toxoplasmosis, kungabheka izinguquko ebuchosheni bomntwana ezingase zibonise ukutheleleka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-toxoplasmosis?

I-Toxoplasmosis yelashwa ngenhlanganisela yemithi yokulwa nezibungu kanye nama-antibiotic. Le mithi ivimba i-parasite ye-T. gondii ukuthi ikhule futhi isakazeke emzimbeni.

Umuthi obizwa ngokuthi "i-Folinic acid" nawo unikezwa ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi yemithi yokulwa nezibungu.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abanokuzivikela okuhle komzimba futhi abangenazo izimpawu abalashwa nge-toxoplasmosis. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kuphela uma amagciwane esebenza. Le mithi ayikwazi ukubulala ama-cyst alele akheke emzimbeni.

Imithi evame ukunikezwa ye-toxoplasmosis yile:

• `I-Pyrimethamine`
• `I-Sulfadiazine`
• `I-Atovaquone`
• `Spiramycin` (ngaphambi kwamasonto ayi-18 okukhulelwa)
• "I-Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole"
• `I-Clindamycin`
• `Leucovorin`

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Izinhlelo eziningi zokwelapha zithatha amasonto amabili kuya kwayisithupha, kodwa ungase uqale ukuzizwa ungcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje. Kungathatha amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ukuthi umonakalo wobuchopho obangelwa yi-parasite uphulukiswe ngokuphelele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuphuza imithi uma nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Yilapho kuphela lapho ungaqiniseka khona ukuthi zonke izimuncagazi ezisebenzayo sezibulewe.

Uma ukhulelwe futhi kutholakale ukuthi une-toxoplasmosis, kuzodingeka uphuze imithi phakathi nokukhulelwa kwakho. Ingane ezelwe ine-toxoplasmosis izodinga ukwelashwa cishe unyaka. Ukwelashwa kwabantu abane-immune system ebuthakathaka kungadinga ukuqhubeka impilo yabo yonke.

Uma ngine-toxoplasmosis, ngingazinakekela kanjani?

Uma ukhulelwe futhi kutholakale ukuthi une-toxoplasmosis, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme ukuyidlulisela enganeni yakho.

Uma une-immune system ebuthakathaka futhi une-toxoplasmosis, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelapha i-toxoplasmosis ngenkathi uphatha ezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha.

Iyini inhloso ye-toxoplasmosis? Ingabe lesi sifo singelapheka?

Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Abantu abanezivikeli mzimba eziphilile abavamile ukuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ku-toxoplasmosis.

Izingane ezingaphezu kuka-70% ezine-toxoplasmosis ekuzalweni kwazo zifinyelela izigaba zokukhula ezilindelekile uma ukwelashwa kuqalwa kusenesikhathi.

Ezigulini ezinesifo sokuzivikela komzimba esibuthakathaka, i-toxoplasmosis ivame ukubonakala ebuchosheni. Ngokwelashwa, kunethuba elingu-70% lokusinda. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, i-toxoplasmosis yobuchopho iyabulala.

Ingabe i-toxoplasmosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

I-Toxoplasmosis ingase ingalapheki ngokuphelele ngoba ama-cyst akhiqizwa yi-parasite ye-T. gondii ahlala emzimbeni. Imithi ingalawula ukutheleleka okusebenzayo, kodwa ayikwazi ukubhubhisa ama-cyst.

Uma amasosha omzimba wakho ephilile, i-cyst akufanele iphinde ivuke. Kodwa uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka, noma uke waba ne-toxoplasmosis ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, i-parasite ingaphinde ivuke esikhathini esizayo futhi ikwenze ugule.

Ungazivikela kanjani ku-toxoplasmosis? (Ukuvimbela)

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza ukuze uhlale uphephile ukuphepha kokudla kanye nokugeza izandla kahle. Ukwenza lezi zinto ngendlela efanele kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

• Faka inyama efrijini bese uyipheka kahle ngaphambi kokudla.
• Hluba izithelo nemifino, noma uyigeze kahle ngaphambi kokudla.
• Geza amabhodi okusika, amakhawunta, imimese, izinto zokusika, kanye nezitsha kahle ngensipho ngemva kokuzisebenzisa.
• Ungaphuzi ubisi olungaphekwanga.
• Ungadli ama-oyster, ama-mussels, noma ama-shellfish aluhlaza noma angaphekiwe kahle.
• Ungaphuzi amanzi angelashiwe.
• Gqoka amagilavu ​​​​uma usebenza engadini noma usebenzisa inhlabathi. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngemva kwalokho.
• Gcina imigodi yesihlabathi ngaphandle (lapho izingane zidlala khona) imboziwe.
• Ungawaniki amakati inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle.
• Hlanza ibhokisi likadoti lekati lakho nsuku zonke. Gqoka amagilavu, bese ugeza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho.
• Zama ukugcina ikati lingaphakathi.

Uma ukhulelwe noma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, cabanga ngokukhethekile ngalezi zinto:

• Uma kungenzeka, gwema ukuhlanza ibhokisi likadoti lekati lakho wena. Cela omunye umuntu ukuthi akwenze. Uma kufanele ukwenze wena ngokwakho, gqoka amagilavu ​​​​angasetshenziswa bese ugeza izandla zakho kahle ngemva kwalokho.
• Gwema ukuthatha ikati elisha noma ukuletha ekhaya ikati elilahlekile.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ikati lami line-toxoplasmosis?

Njengabantu, amakati avame ukungabi nazimpawu uma ethola i-toxoplasmosis. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nekati lakho lesilwane, buza udokotela wezilwane.

Ingabe ngidinga ukuqeda ikati lami uma ngikhulelwe/nginomzimba obuthakathaka?

Cha, akudingeki ukuthi ukhiphe ikati lakho ngoba nje ukhulelwe noma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka. Abathandi bamakati bangathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yabo ye-toxoplasmosis.

• Gcina ikati lakho endlini.
• Hlala uhlanza ibhokisi likadoti komunye umuntu.
• Ungaliniki ikati lakho inyama eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle.
• Uma kufanele uhlanze ibhokisi likadoti ngokwakho, gqoka amagilavu ​​​​nemaski, bese ugeza izandla zakho ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho.
• Okokugcina, ungalethi ikati elilahlekile ekhaya noma uqashe ikati elisha ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ukhulelwe, uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uzivikele wena nomntwana wakho ongakazalwa ku-toxoplasmosis.

Uma unezimpawu ze-toxoplasmosis, ikakhulukazi uma unesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Toxoplasmosis ngokuvamile ayisona isifo esibi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, iyisongo esithile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nakubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze uzivikele kulokhu kutheleleka. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngendlela yokunciphisa ingozi yakho ye-toxoplasmosis ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho. Kungcono ukuphepha!

I- Toxoplasmosis, amakati, ukukhulelwa, ukutheleleka, izinambuzane, izimpawu, ukuvimbela