Abantu abaningi bafuna ukwengeza ukubukeka okuhle, okunempilo, noma ngisho nokukhanya kwegolide esikhumbeni sabo. Kwabanye, lokhu kukhanya kufezwa ngokudalula isikhumba elangeni, okusho ukusishintsha umbala bese sisenza sibe mnyama kancane. Siphinde sikubize ngokuthi 'ukudalula umbala'. Ngakho-ke kunezinhlangothi ezinhle nezimbi kulokhu kuvezwa elangeni. Nakuba sithola i-vitamin D ekukhanyeni kwelanga, leyo misebe ingaba usongo olukhulu esikhumbeni sethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngqo.
Kusho ukuthini 'ukushisisa' isikhumba?
Kalula nje, isikhumba sakho 'sishintsha umbala', okusho ukuthi siba mnyama, uma sichayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (imisebe ye-UV) evela elangeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zale misebe ye-ultraviolet. Lena imisebe ye-UVA kanye ne-UVB.
Ukuze sikuqonde kangcono lokhu, ake sibheke isakhiwo sesikhumba sethu. Cabanga ukuthi isikhumba sethu sifana nekhekhe elinezingqimba ezintathu.
- I-Epidermis (E PID ermis): Lolu ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba esingalubona ngamehlo ethu.
- I-Dermis: Lolu ungqimba lwesibili. Luqukethe iningi lemizwa, izindlala zokujuluka, kanye nezimbotshana zezinwele.
- Izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba: Lolu ungqimba lwesithathu nolokugcina. Luqukethe izinto ezifana nezicubu ezinamafutha kanye nemithambo yegazi.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuba isikhumba sakho sibe nsundu, okungukuthi, sibe nsundu, imisebe ye-UVA . Le misebe ingena esikhumbeni, ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba, bese ifinyelela ezingqimbeni ezingezansi. Bese kuthi, uhlobo lweseli esikhumbeni sethu olubizwa ngokuthi ' ama-melanocytes ' luqale ukukhiqiza umbala onsundu obizwa ngokuthi i-melanin .
I-Melanin empeleni iyisivikelo esidalwa yimizimba yethu ukuvikela isikhumba sethu emisebeni ye-UVA. Kufana nokuphakamisa isambulela ukuze sisivikele elangeni. Lapho uqhubeka ubhekene nelanga, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza kakhulu le pigment evikelayo, i-melanin. Yingakho isikhumba sakho siba mnyama.
Imisebe ye-UVB yiyo ebangela ukushiswa yilanga. Ithinta kakhulu ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba kuphela.
Abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama ngokwemvelo bane-melanin eningi. Yingakho isikhumba sabo singashi kalula, kodwa sishintsha umbala sibe nsundu kahle. Kodwa khumbula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbala wesikhumba sakho unjani, noma ubani angaba sengozini yemiphumela eyingozi yemisebe yelanga uma engagqoki i-sunscreen noma ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthambisa isikhumba?
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze isikhumba sakho sibe nsundu sincike ezintweni eziningana.
- Umbala wesikhumba sakho wemvelo.
- Indlela isikhumba sakho esizwela ngayo ilanga.
- Ukuqina kwemisebe yelanga endaweni yakini.
- Ukuphakama kwendawo okuyo (ngaphezu kolwandle).
- Ingabe usebenzisa i-sunscreen, futhi uma kunjalo, inani layo le-`SPF` (isici sokuvikela ilanga ) lingakanani?
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, ayikho indlela ephephile yokushiswa yilanga. Ushiswa yilanga ngalunye luwuhlobo lomonakalo wesikhumba. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwazi ukuthi isikhumba sakho singakubekezelela kangakanani ukuchayeka elangeni ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho, okungcono kakhulu udokotela wesikhumba.
Ukushiswa kwesikhumba kuyithinta kanjani impilo yakho?
Kunezinzuzo ezithile zokuchayeka elangeni. Kunikeza i-vitamin D, kuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo, kanti ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi kungasiza ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi futhi kukusize ulale kangcono. Kodwa-ke, ukuchayeka elangeni kungavikelekile kungaba yingozi kakhulu esikhumbeni sakho.
Ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside kungashintsha isikhumba sakho unomphela. Kungabangela nomonakalo omkhulu esikhumbeni sakho futhi kusenze sibukeke sidala kunalokho esiyikho . Lokhu kuyimbangela enkulu yamabala amnyama nemibimbi.
Ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba
Lena yindaba ebaluleke kakhulu.
- Imisebe ye-UVA: Lokhu kungabangela uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba olubi kakhulu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-melanoma . Lokhu kungaba yingozi. Uma umdlavuza we-melanoma ungatholakali kusenesikhathi, ungasakazeka ngokushesha kuwo wonke umzimba futhi uthinte ezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Imisebe ye-UVB: Lokhu kubangela izinhlobo ezimbili zomdlavuza wesikhumba , i-basal cell carcinoma kanye ne-squamous cell carcinoma . Uma kwenzeka le misebe, odokotela bavame ukususa amangqamuzana anomdlavuza ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungashiya izibazi esikhumbeni.
Ungazivikela kanjani emisebeni yelanga?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi unganciphisa ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba futhi uhlale uphephile ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa isithako esihle sokuvikela ilanga. Vele ulandele lawa macebiso.
| Isenzo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga esibanzi. | 'I-broad-spectrum' isho ukuthi inikeza isivikelo emisebeni ye-UVA kanye ne-UVB. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ilebula. |
| Gqoka isivikelo selanga nsuku zonke. | Khetha eyodwa ene -SPF okungenani engu-30 noma ngaphezulu. Ungakhohliswa yizinsuku ezinamafu. Amafu ngezinye izikhathi angenza imisebe yelanga ibe namandla kakhulu. |
| Faka isicelo kabusha. | Ukusebenza kahle kwe-sunscreen kwehla uma ubhukuda, ujuluka, noma uzigcoba ngethawula. Ngakho-ke phinda ufake i-sunscreen ngemva kwesenzakalo ngasinye. |
| Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile emini. | Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, gwema ukuba selangeni phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. Yilapho imisebe ye-UV inamandla kakhulu khona. |
Ake sifunde futhi ngemibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba.
Ezinye izindawo zikhangisa ngemibhede ekhethekile yokushiswa kwesikhumba engashiswa isikhumba ngokushesha. Kodwa lezi ziyingozi kakhulu. Futhi azinikezi izinzuzo zevithamini D ozithola elangeni.
Le mishini ikhipha kakhulu imisebe ye-UVA. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, le mishini ihlobene ngqo nomdlavuza we-melanoma. Le mishini yokushiswa kwesikhumba iboniswe ukuthi ikhulisa izinga lomdlavuza we-melanoma, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabesifazane abasebasha. Futhi, ukuyisebenzisa kungenza isikhumba sibukeke sigugile ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ama-Tanners Angenalanga
Ngenhlanhla, kukhona ikhambi kulabo abafuna ukuba nombala onsundu ngaphandle kwengozi yokuchayeka elangeni. Lawa abizwa ngokuthi 'ama-sunless tanners'. Lawa eza ngesimo sama-cream noma ama-lotion. Uma esetshenziswa esikhumbeni, akhiqiza i-melanin, okwenza isikhumba sibe nombala onsundu.
Eminye yale mikhiqizo iqukethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-'DHA (Dihydroxyacetone).' Lokhu kungcolisa kancane kancane ungqimba olungaphezulu lwesikhumba sakho, okwenza lube nsundu okwesikhashana. Qaphela uma usebenzisa lokhu. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo equkethe i-'DHA' ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, njengezindebe.
Njengoba lezi zikhumba ezingenalanga zenziwe ngezithako ezahlukene, kuzodingeka wenze ucwaningo oluthile ukuze ukhethe ezifanele wena.Lena yindlela ephephile kuphela yokuthola ukubukeka okunsundu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuthola umbala onsundu ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni empeleni kuwumonakalo esikhumbeni. Akulona uphawu lokuvikela.
- Ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kubangela ukuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi (imibimbi, amabala okuguga) futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba onzima (i-melanoma).
- Sebenzisa njalo isivikelo selanga esine-SPF engu-30 noma ngaphezulu noma nini lapho uphuma ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama.
- Imibhede yokushiswa kwesikhumba iyingozi kakhulu. Gwema ngokuphelele.
- Uma ufuna ukubukeka kwesikhumba esinsundu, okuwukuphela kwendlela ephephile ukusebenzisa ama-tanner angenalanga.
- Uma ukhathazekile ngamabala amasha noma izinguquko kuma-moles akho (ukuma, umbala, usayizi), bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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