So wowɔ nneɛma te sɛ aniwa a ɛtwetwe ne kɔn a ɛtwetwe? Momma yɛnka Tic Disorders yi ho asɛm!

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ebia woahyɛ no nsow, a wunnim mpo sɛ w’aniwa rebɔ, wo mmati twitwiw, anaasɛ wo menewa mu yɛ wo yaw kɛkɛ. Ebia woasuro mpo sɛ wubehu sɛ wo ba no reyɛ eyi. Eyinom ne nea yɛfrɛ no ‘tics’. Eyinom yɛ tebea horow a ɛfa yɛn ntini ahorow ho . Mpɛn pii no, eyi nyɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wohaw wo ho wɔ ho, nanso ɛho hia paa sɛ wo ne wo ba no hu eyi.

Dɛn ne saa Tic Disorders yi?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, tic disorder yɛ tebea bi a ɛwɔ yɛn ntini mu a ɛma yenya nipadua mu kankyee mpofirim, mpɛn pii anaa nnyigyei a ɛyɛ den sɛ yebedi so. Fa no sɛ mmofra baanum biara mu biako behyia saa tebea yi wɔ wɔn asetra mu bere bi.

Eyinom taa fi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 4 kosi 6. Nanso, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi taa ba bere a wɔadi mfe 10 kosi 12. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, adwenemyare afoforo betumi aka tic yare ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, tebea horow te sɛ adwenemhaw, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder), ne dadwen.

Dɛn ne tic yare ahorow atitiriw?

Nhoma a nnuruyɛfo de hu tebea horow yi, DSM-5-TR, bobɔ tic yare ahorow abiɛsa din. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ.

1. Bere Tiaa mu Tic Disorder: Eyi ne tic disorder a abu so sen biara . Ɛka mmofra a wɔadu sukuu mfe so bɛyɛ 20%. Sɛ wo ba no nya ntini anaa nne mu tics biako anaa nea ɛboro saa bɛboro ɔsram biako nanso ennu afe a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahu sɛ ɔwɔ Provisional Tic Disorder.

2. Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal tic disorder : Bere a bere tiaa mu tics taa kɔ wɔ afe biako mu no, saa tics yi kɔ so bɛboro afe biako. Wɔ eyi mu no, ebia abofra no betumi anya nipadua no mu ntini a ɛyɛ den nkutoo anaasɛ ne nne mu ntini a ɛyɛ den nkutoo. Nanso, ahorow abien no nyinaa ntumi nkɔ mu. Eyi ka mmofra bɛyɛ 100 biara mu 1.

3. Tourette Syndrome: Eyi ne tic yare a emu yɛ den na ɛyɛ den sen biara. Ɛwom sɛ ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ tic a enni sabea de, nanso ebetumi ayɛ Tourette syndrome ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Abofra a ɔwɔ saa tebea yiMotor tics ne vocal tics nyinaa bom ba. Mpɛn pii no, saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi fi ase bere a wɔadi mfe 5 kosi 10.

Abusuabɔ a ɛda dadwen ne tics ntam

Mpɛn pii no, saa tics yi kɔ soro bere a yɛwɔ adwennwen anaa dadwen mu no. Ebia nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ, sɛ yɛwɔ adwennwen mu a, tumi a yetumi di yɛn nipadua so no so tew. Afei nso, dadwen betumi ama tics a ɛtaa ba no ayɛ kɛse.

Dɛn nti na saa tic yare yi ba?

Wonnya nhuu nea ɛde eyi ba ankasa, nanso nhwehwɛmufo gye di sɛ nneɛma pii na ɛde eyi ba.

• Awosu: Eyinom taa tu mmirika wɔ mmusua mu, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ sɛ ɔwofo anaa obusuani bi a ɔbɛn no wɔ bi a, ɛda adi sɛ abofra benya bi.
• Suban ho haw afoforo: Eyinom betumi ayɛ nea ɛfa tebea horow te sɛ ADHD ne OCD a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no ho.
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛba wɔ nyinsɛn mu: Wosusuw sɛ asiane yi nso betumi ayɛ kɛse esiane nneɛma te sɛ ɛna no sigaretnom bere a ɔyem ne akokoaa a wɔwo no a ne mu duru sua wɔ awo mu nti.

Asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ mmarimaa benya saa tebea yi no dɔɔso sen mmeawa mmɔho abiɛsa kosi anan.

Dɛn na ebetumi ayɛ eyi ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Wobetumi akyekyɛ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu akuw atitiriw abien: Motor Tics ne Vocal Tics. Ɔfã biara wɔ nneɛma a ɛnyɛ den na ɛyɛ den. Momma yɛnhwɛ eyinom wɔ pon bi so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na oduruyɛfo hu sɛ eyi yɛ yare?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obegyina nneɛma pii so asi gyinae sɛ ebia eyi yɛ tic disorder anaa.

• Tics bɛn na wowɔ? (Honam fam, ɛnne, anaa n’abien nyinaa?)
• Eyinom adi bere tenten ahe ?
• Mfe bɛn na eyinom fii ase ?
• So obi wɔ w’abusua mu a ɔwɔ/wɔa saa tebea yi?
• So worenom nnuru a wɔde sa yare foforo ?

Mpɛn pii no, ɛho nhia sɛ wɔyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu anaa scan na ama wɔahu eyi. Nanso, ɛntaa mma koraa sɛ sɛ adwenem naayɛ bi wɔ hɔ sɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea foforo na ɛde saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ba a, wo duruyɛfo betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ mogya mu nhwehwɛmu, wɔnyɛ MRI, CT scan, anaa EEG.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa tebea yi?

Aduru biara nni hɔ a wɔde sa tic yare. Nanso, ayaresa pii wɔ hɔ a ebetumi aboa ma woadi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so na wɔatew so, na aboa wo ma woatra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ. Mpɛn pii no, sɛ tics ma ɔte ɛyaw, opira, ɛtwetwe da biara da dwumadi ahorow, anaasɛ ɛde adwene mu haw kɛse ba nkutoo a, na wosusuw ayaresa ho.

Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma

Ebia wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛw nnuru a ɛbɛma woatumi asiw yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den ano. Nanso, nnuru yi renyi tics mfi hɔ koraa, na mmom ɛbɛhyɛ so nkutoo.

• Alpha-adrenergic agonists: Eyinom ne nea edi kan a wɔde ma. Nhwɛsoɔ: `Clonidine`, `Guanfacine`.
• Nnuru a ekum adwene mu yare: Sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobedi yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so a, wɔde eyinom ma. Nhwɛsoɔ: `Haloperidol`, `Risperidone`.
• Nnuru a wɔde ko tia akisikuru: Wɔahu sɛ nnuru bi a wɔde sa akisikuru te sɛ Topiramate (Topamax) boa nnipa bi a wɔwɔ Tourette syndrome.
• Botox injection: Wobetumi agyae tic a ɛyɛ yaw denam `Botox` injection a wɔde bɛhyɛ ntini bi mu so.

Suban Ho Ayaresa

Eyi yɛ ɔkwan a ɛho hia yiye a wɔfa so sa yare. Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ wode akwan horow di dwuma de tew mpɛn dodow a tics ba ne sɛnea emu yɛ den no so.

• Habit Reversal Therapy: Wɔ eyi mu no, wuhu nkate a wote ansa na tic no aba na wosua sɛ wobɛyɛ biribi foforo (mmuae a ɛne ne ho di asi) de asi tic no ananmu saa bere no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wowɔ tic a ɛbɔ wo ti a, ɛte sɛ nea wode wo nsa bɛto wo nkotodwe so bere a atenka no aba ara pɛ.
• CBIT (Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics): Eyi yɛ ayaresa kwan a ɛkɔ akyiri a ɛka Habit Reversal ayaresa, tics ho nkyerɛkyerɛ, ne akwan a wɔfa so gye wɔn ahome bom.

Amemene mu Nkannyan a emu dɔ (DBS) .

Eyi yɛ ayaresa a ɛda so ara wɔ nhwehwɛmu fã na wosusuw ho ma wɔn a wɔn yare no mu yɛ den yiye a wɔanyɛ wɔn ade wɔ ayaresa afoforo ho nkutoo. Wɔ saa ayaresa yi mu no, wɔde afiri ketewaa bi hyɛ amemene no mu na ɛde anyinam ahoɔden nsɛnkyerɛnne kɔ.

Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn aboa abofra a ɔwɔ tic disorder?

Sɛ wo ba no wɔ saa tebea yi a, nneɛma pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi ayɛ sɛ ɔwofo.

• Ka kyerɛ sukuu no: Ka wo ba no tebea ho asɛm kyerɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo ne sukuu panyin no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi de mmoa a ɛho hia ama wɔ adesua mu na wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ ɔhaw biara nni mmofra afoforo ho.
• Nya ahotoso wɔ wo ho: Boa wo ba ma ɔnyɛ nneɛma a n’ani gye ho, ma ne talente nkɔ anim, na hyɛ no nkuran ma ɔnnya nnamfo.
• Mfa asodi nto wo ba so: Eyi ho hia paa. Ɛnyɛ abofra no na ɔhyɛɛ da reyɛ saa nneɛma yi. Enti mma wo ba no nnyɛ no yaw denam nsɛm te sɛ "Dɛn nti na woreyɛ eyi?" anaasɛ "Gyae no." Mmom, te wɔn ase na boa wɔn.
• Di aduruyɛ mu afotu akyi: Di ​​wo duruyɛfo akwankyerɛ akyi na kɔ ayaresa nhyehyɛe ahorow ase.