DNA Fingerprinting hi eng nge ni? A chanchin awlsam takin i zir ang u!

TV-a teledrama emaw, misual chhui chianna film emaw i en hian " DNA report a lo thlen hunah chauh hian misual chu tu nge a nih chiang takin kan sawi thei ang," tih ang chi dialogue i hre tawh ngei ang, a dik em? A châng chuan chanchinbuah ruang pakhat chu kum tam tak hnuah DNA test hmanga hriat chhuah a nih thu i hmu tawh mai thei. Mi zawng zawngin an sawi thin DNA fingerprinting hi eng nge ni tak tak? Vawiin hian he technology mak tak, kut zungtang ang maia mi hriat theihna, mahse a chiang zawk leh dik zawka hriat theihna tur hi kan sawi dawn a ni.

Kan taksa chhunga ‘genetic map’ awm chu

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, DNA hi kan taksaa cell tin chhunga awm, thupek tenau tak takte set a ni. In sakna tur blueprint ang bawkin kan taksain nitin a thanlenna, a thanlenna leh a hnathawh dan tur dik taka a mamawh zawng zawng chu he DNA-ah hian code angin a inziak vek a ni. DNA hming kimchang chu deoxyribonucleic acid a ni .

He DNA chain hi chemical compound chi 4 atanga siam a ni. Hengte hi ‘bases’ kan ti thin. Chungte chu pahnih pahnih in an inzawm khawm a, ‘base pair’ an siam thin. I ngaihtuah thei em, kan taksa cell pakhatah chauh hian heng pair hi tluklehdingawn 3 vel a awm! Chûngte chu an inzawm khawm dân chuan kan cell-te chu cell thar, inang chiah chiah siam dân a hrilh a ni.

Kan taksa chhunga DNA set kimchang tak hi ' genome ' an ti a . Hetah hian thil mak tak chu a awm. Khawvela mihring zawng zawng hian an genome 99.9% chu a inang vek a ni. Ni e, i DNA leh i hriat loh DNA chu 99.9% in a inang vek a ni. Mahse chu 0.1% inthlauhna tenau tak chu nang leh kei hi taksa leh rilru lama danglamna siamtu chu a ni. Kan vun rawng , sam rawng, san zawng chauh ni lovin, natna thenkhat kan vei awlsam dan pawh he danglamna tenau tak hian a hril a ni.

DNA fingerprinting technology hian chemical hmangin heng DNA strand te hi a then a, i tana thil danglam bik, 0.1% a danglam bikte chu a hriatchhuah tir a ni. A tawpah chuan striped pattern a ni. He pattern hi DNA sample dang atanga pattern hmuh nen tehkhin theih a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan engtin nge DNA fingerprint i hmuh theih ang?

Hei hi i ngaihtuah angin a buaithlak lo va, a hlauhawm lo bawk. He test hian i taksa atanga cell sample lak a ngai a ni.

• Kawng chhungah: Swab hmangin ka chhung lam chu hmui lam atanga scrape theih a ni.
• Skin: Vun te tak te tak a ni.
• Sam atanga: sam thing zung pakhat.
• Taksa tui: Taksa tui, thawmhnaw, emaw taksa tui dang atanga lo chhuak.

Mahse heng method zawng zawng aiin a tam zawkA awlsam ber leh hman tlanglawn ber chu thisen sample lak hi a ni.

Chutih laia lab-a thil thleng chu hetiang hi a ni mai:

1. DNA isolation: Sample-ah hian chemical chi hrang hrang dahin a chhunga cell awmte atanga DNA thliar hran a ni.

2. DNA cutting: A dawtah chuan chemical process dang chuan heng DNA chain sei tak takte hi kan mamawh repeating pattern bik ah a tichhia a. Hengte hi mi hrang hrangah a peng hrang hrang a ni.

3. Copy siam: Tunah chuan heng DNA chi te te hi vawi maktaduai tam tak copy a ni tawh a, chu chu copy tam takah siam a ni a, a lianin a pung tihna a ni. Tichuan test a awlsam zawk.

4. Pattern recognition: A dawtah chuan heng DNA fragment te hi gel ang maia medium-ah dahin electric current a kal tlang a. Chumi hnuah chuan DNA fragment te chu an lian leh te a zirin lian leh teah an inthen a, gel chhungah an kal chhuak thin. Tichuan, dye bik an dah chuan heng DNA hrui inthen te hi ultraviolet light emaw laser beam emaw hnuaiah an eng chhuak thin.

DNA fingerprinting hian eng hlawkna tak tak nge a neih?

Kum 1984-a he technology hmuhchhuah ni atang khan a hlawkna chu pakhat hnu pakhatin a pung chho zel a ni. A hlawkna hi a bul berah chuan hmun hnih ah then theih a ni.

Chhungkaw natna chungchang hriat lawk theih a ni em?

Ni e, hei hi DNA technology hmanga damdawi hmanna pawimawh tak a ni. Natna thenkhat chu genes hmanga thlah khat atanga thlah danga inkaichhawn thin a awm a. Entirnan, cancer chi thenkhat (breast, ovarian, colon cancer), thinlung natna, leh natna chi hrang hrang Thalassemia , kan ramah hian a awm fo thin.

I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan chutiang natna vei chu DNA test hmangin chu natna vei theihna tur genetic predisposition i nei em tih i hre thei ang. Hei hian natna chu i nei ngei ang tihna a ni lo. Mahse, hlauhawma i awm tih hriat lawk hian natna laka invenna emaw, nunphung hrisel tak tihdanglamna leh a hun taka damdawi lam test tulte tihsakna hmanga hriat hmasak theihna hun remchang tha tak a pe che a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna i neih chuan a tha ber chu i chhungkaw doctor emaw, specialist emaw nena inbiakna neih hi a ni.