Ukunyamekela umntwana one-ADHD, okanye i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kubazali. Ngaba uhlala ucinga izinto ezinje, "Umntwana wam akaqondi nto," "Akahlali ndaweninye," "Akaphulaphuli nantoni na oyithethayo?" Oku kunokuba ngamava adinisayo kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukuze siqonde le meko ngokufanelekileyo kwaye silawule ukuziphatha komntwana wethu ngendlela eyakhayo. Makhe sithethe ngaloo nto namhlanje.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule ngaphambi kokuba yonke enye into
Nokuba umntwana wakho mncinci okanye mdala, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza azive ngathi uqinile kwaye ulungile . Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokwenza oku.
1. Ncoma ukuziphatha kakuhle ngoko nangoko: Kwangoko nje umntwana wakho wenza into elungileyo, mncome ngoko nangoko, mncome, okanye umnike umvuzo omncinci. Oku kuya kumenza akhuthazeke ngakumbi ukuba aqhubeke nokuziphatha kakuhle.
2. Cacisa iziphumo zokuziphatha kakubi: Ukuba umntwana wakho wenza into embi, landela umgaqo-nkqubo ocacileyo, oqondakalayo, nongaguquguqukiyo malunga nokuba iziphumo ziya kuba yintoni. Musa ukohlwaya ngenye indlela namhlanje nangomso.
Ngamafutshane, xa umntwana eqonda ukuba ukuziphatha kakuhle kuya kuvuzwa ngempendulo entle kwaye ukuziphatha okubi kuya kuba nemiphumo evunyelwene ngayo, kuba lula kakhulu ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe.
Indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ezi ndlela inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana. Makhe sibone ukuba zingenziwa njani.
Kwabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuqala isikolo (abaneminyaka emi-5 nangaphantsi)
Kubantwana abakule minyaka, yonke into ifana nomdlalo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka bafundiswe imithetho nemigaqo ngendlela elula nenothando.
- Lungisa usuku lwakho (yenza inkqubo): Gcina izinto zifana ukususela kwixesha ovuka ngalo kusasa ukuya kwixesha olala ngalo ebusuku, kwaye ugcine ishedyuli efanayo kangangoko unako. Umzekelo, yenza inkqubo eqhelekileyo yezinto ezifana nesidlo sakusasa, ixesha lokudlala, ixesha lokuhlamba, kunye nexesha lokulala. Ukuba isihlobo sakho sibuya ekhaya okanye uya kuhambo, xelela umntwana wakho ngayo kwangaphambili kwaye umlungiselele ngengqondo.
- Cacisa imithetho: Ngaphambi kokuba wenze into ethile, cacisa imithetho ngokucacileyo. Khawuthelekelele ulungiselela ukuya epakini. Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe, xelela umntwana wakho: "Nyana/ntombi, masingalwi nabanye abantwana epakini, kulungile? Masabelane ngamathoyizi sidlale."
- Sebenzisa Imivuzo:Ukuba umntwana wakho wenza into elungileyo ekwenza uzingce, mnike isitika, inkwenkwezi yegolide kwitshathi yakhe, okanye imizuzu embalwa eyongezelelweyo yokudlala umdlalo awuthandayo. Kuphephe ukumnika izipho zokutya ezifana nemali, itshokolethi, okanye iibhisikithi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Zibandakanye kwimisebenzi eyakha ingqalelo : Funda iincwadi kunye nomntwana wakho, zoba imifanekiso, yenza iiphazili, kwaye ufake imibala. Ukuzibandakanya kwezi zinto kuya kuyiphucula ingqalelo yomntwana wakho kwaye komeleze ubudlelwane benu.
- Sebenzisa isibali-xesha: Abanye abazali baye bafumanisa ukuba le ndlela iluncedo kakhulu. Misela umntwana wakho ixesha elifanelekileyo lokwenza izinto ezifana nokuhlamba, ukudlala, okanye ukubukela iTV. Umzekelo, "Masidlale imizuzu eli-15, emva koko siye kuhlamba." Emva koko uya kufunda ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba nezinto ezimnandi zinemida.
Kwabantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo (abaneminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala)
Abantwana bale minyaka baya besiya bekwazi ukuqonda izinto ngendlela ecacileyo, ngoko ke indlela esisebenza ngayo nabo kufuneka yahluke kancinci.
- Nika imiyalelo ecacileyo: Xa unika umntwana wakho umsebenzi wokwenza, endaweni yokuthi nje, "Hamba uyokucoca igumbi lakho," yahlulahlula ibe ngamanyathelo alula nacacileyo . Umzekelo, nika imiyalelo ngamanyathelo alula nacacileyo afana nala, "Qala wenze ibhedi, uze ufake izinto zokudlala ebhokisini, uze ekugqibeleni ubeke iincwadi etafileni."
- Yenza inkqubo yamanqaku: Yenza inkqubo yamanqaku ecacileyo okanye itshati yeenkwenkwezi yokuziphatha kakuhle kunye nemisebenzi egqityiweyo. Ngale ndlela, umntwana wakho uya kwazi kakuhle ukuba uza kufumana ntoni ngokwenza umsebenzi olungileyo. Kwaye hlala uhleli xa umnika loo mivuzo.
- Yenza isicwangciso sesohlwayo: Gqiba kwangaphambili ukuba isohlwayo siza kuba yintoni ngesenzo esithile esibi. Soloko usiphumeza ngobulungisa nangokungaguquguqukiyo. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ungaze umbethise okanye umkhalimele umntwana wakho phambi kwabanye. Ukwenza njalo kunokonakalisa ukuzihlonipha komntwana.
- Thetha nootitshala rhoqo: Hlala unxibelelana nootitshala bomntwana wakho rhoqo ukuze nikwazi ukusebenzisana ukusombulula naziphi na iingxaki zokuziphatha ezivela esikolweni ngaphambi kokuba zibe ziingxaki ezinkulu.
- Yiba ngumzekelo omhle: Abantwana bajonga oko sikwenzayo ngaphezu koko sikuthethayo. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuba abantwana abane-ADHD bafunde ukuziphatha okuhle kukusebenzisa imizekelo yabantu abadala abayibonayo. Ngoko ke nawe yiba ngumzekelo omhle.
Kwabantwana abancinci (Ulutsha)
Eli lixesha elinzima ebantwaneni nakubazali ngokufanayo. Bafuna ubuwena babo kwaye bazama ukuba ngabantu abadala.
- Babandakanye kwizigqibo: Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, mbandakanye ekwenzeni izinto ezifana nemithetho yasekhaya, imivuzo yokuziphatha kakuhle, kunye nezohlwayo zokuziphatha okubi. Babuze, "Siza kwenza ntoni ngale nto?" Oku kuya kubanika uxanduva kwaye kukhulise ukuzithemba kwabo.
- Gcina ubumfihlo xa unikela isohlwayo: Abantwana abancinci banomdla kakhulu kwindlela abanye ababajonga ngayo. Ngoko ke ukuba bayathethiswa okanye bohlwaywa phambi kwabanye, banokuziva beneentloni okanye benze izinto ezilukhuni. Ngoko ke, nokuba yintoni na ingxaki, yithethe ngasese.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngeengxaki: Ukuba kukho ingxaki esikolweni, thetha nomntwana wakho, hayi notitshala kuphela. Sebenzisana naye ukuze nize necebo lokusombulula ingxaki. Yenza indawo apho banokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngeengxaki zabo kunye noko bakucingayo.
- Gcina indlela oziphethe ngayo ifana: Indlela oziphethe ngayo mayibe yinto efanayo nefanelekileyo. Oku kuya kunceda umntwana wakho azi ukuba ulindele ntoni kuwe. Oku kuya kumnceda azive ekhuselekile.
| Iqela leminyaka | Amaqhinga aphambili | Umzekelo olula |
|---|---|---|
| Isikolo sabantwana abasaqalayo (abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala) | Inkqubo ehambelanayo, imithetho elula, imivuzo engeyoyokutya, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibali-xesha. | Ukuba uzisusa izinto zokudlala, ufumana inkwenkwezi. Kukho ixesha lokudlala elithatha imizuzu engama-20. |
| Ubudala bokuya esikolweni (iminyaka eyi-6-12) | Ukuhlulahlula umsebenzi ube ziinxalenye, iinkqubo zokubeka amanqaku, ubudlelwane nootitshala, kunye nokuba ngumzekelo. | Ukucoca igumbi kwahlulwe ngamanyathelo ama-3. Ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo kuxabisa amanqaku ama-5. |
| Abatsha | Ukubandakanyeka kwizigqibo, ukuthetha ubuso ngobuso, unxibelelwano oluvulekileyo. | "Kulungile, kufuneka ube sekhaya ngaphambi kwentsimbi yeshumi ebusuku. Ukuba awuvumelani noko, ucebisa ukuba ube nini? Nika izizathu zakho." |
Njengomzali, nawe udinga uncedo - oko kuqhelekile.
Ukukhulisa umntwana one-ADHD akulula. Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe, uphoxekile, unomsindo, okanye ulusizi ngamanye amaxesha. Usenokucinga, "Andingomzali olungileyo na?" Kodwa qonda ukuba ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile.
Ukuba ukufumanisa kunzima ukujongana nezi zinto wedwa, thetha nomntu ngaloo nto. Lo unokuba liqabane lakho, umhlobo othembekileyo, okanye isalamane. Kunganceda nokujoyina iqela lenkxaso labazali abanjengale. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungafuna uncedo lomcebisi ukuze akuncede ukhathalele impilo yakho yengqondo kwaye ujongane ngcono nale mingeni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo ngemeko yomntwana wakho kunye neengxaki ojongene nazo nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ugqirha wezifo zabantwana okanye wengqondo onyanga umntwana wakho. Baza kunika ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo olufanele wena nomntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuqina nobulungisa kubaluleke kakhulu xa kulawulwa indlela umntwana one-ADHD aziphatha ngayo.
- Mncome umntwana wakho ngokuziphatha kakuhle ngoko nangoko. Oku kuya kuyikhuthaza nangakumbi loo ndlela yokuziphatha.
- Iziphumo zokuziphatha okubi mazicace, zihambelane, kwaye kuvunyelwane ngazo kwangaphambili .
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufundisa umntwana wakho ukuziphatha kakuhle kukuba ngumzekelo omhle nawe ngokwakho.
- Kuqhelekile ukuziva udiniwe kwaye uphoxekile njengomzali. Musa ukuthandabuza ukufumana uncedo ngokwakho.
- Xoxa rhoqo ngemeko yomntwana wakho kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki onokuba nazo nogqirha wakho.
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