Ngaba unengxaki yokuhlala ugxile kwinto enye ixesha elide? Okanye ukufumanisa kunzima ukulawula iminqweno yakho? Mhlawumbi ezi ziqhelekile kuwe. Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo esisibiza ngokuba yi-ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Amayeza yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokunyanga esi sifo. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngamayeza e-ADHD, ingakumbi lawo achaphazela iikhemikhali ezikwingqondo yakho, njengokuba ubuya kuthetha nomhlobo.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-ADHD?
Ngamafutshane, i-ADHD yimeko yempilo yengqondo exhaphakileyo ebuntwaneni. Ibonakaliswa kubunzima bokunikel’ ingqalelo , ngamanye amaxesha ngokugqithisileyo, nangokuziphatha ngokungxama.
Abanye abantwana bayayeka ukuba nale meko njengoko bekhula. Kodwa abanye banokuqhubeka benale mpawu de babe ngabantu abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ADHD ayibonakali ebuntwaneni kwaye ifunyanwa kuphela xa bebadala.
Xa kunyangwa i-ADHD kubantu abadala, enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye:
- Amayeza
- Ingcebiso okanye unyango
- Uqeqesho lwezakhono zobomi
- Imfundo malunga nale meko
Kula mayeza, uninzi lwamayeza anikwa i-ADHD achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo ye-noradrenergic engqondweni yethu. Ngoku makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni na loo nto.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD kunye neekhemikhali zobuchopho
Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingqondo yethu ifana neofisi enkulu enezigidi zabasebenzi abasebenza kuyo. Abasebenzi abakule ofisi ziiseli zemithambo-luvo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons. Aba basebenzi basebenzisa iqela elikhethekileyo 'lee-postmen' ukuze bathethe omnye nomnye kwaye batshintshiselane ngemiyalezo. Kwizonyango, ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-postmen neurotransmitters .
Enye yezi neurotransmitters yi -norepinephrine . Iveliswa kwaye isasazwe kuyo yonke ingqondo yinkqubo ye-noradrenergic. Umsebenzi ophambili we-norepinephrine kukukugcina uphaphile, ugxile, kwaye ukuncede ucinge ngokucacileyo . Ikwayikhemikhali elungiselela umzimba wakho impendulo yokulwa okanye yokubaleka xa usengozini okanye usongelwa.
Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba enye imbangela ye-ADHD kukungalingani kwenkqubo ye-noradrenergic. Oko kukuthi, ingqondo ayinayo ikhemikhali eyaneleyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-norepinephrine. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? I-prefrontal cortex, elawula izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nengqalelo, ulawulo lweemvakalelo, kunye nokwenza izigqibo, ayifumani imiyalezo efanelekileyo. Njengomphathi weofisi ongafumani imiyalezo efanelekileyo uyaphazamiseka.
Kukholelwa ukuba amanqanaba aphantsi e- norepinephrine kunye nenye i-neurotransmitter ebalulekileyo , i-dopamine, inokuba negalelo kwiimpawu ze-ADHD, ezinje ngokusebenza kakhulu , ukungakhathali, kunye nokungakhathali.
La mayeza anyanga njani i-ADHD?
Amayeza e-Noradrenergic e-ADHD asebenza ngokuyintloko ngokunyusa ubungakanani be-norepinephrine engqondweni. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zala mayeza: izivuseleli kunye nezingezizo izivuseleli .
1. Izinto ezivuselelayo
Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa amayeza okuvuselela ingqondo ukunyanga i-ADHD. La mayeza asebenza ngokuvuselela iiseli ezithile engqondweni ukuba zivelise i-norepinephrine kunye ne-dopamine engaphezulu. Kulapho igama elithi 'stimulant' livela khona. La mayeza asetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwi-ADHD kangangeminyaka emininzi.
2. Izinto ezingakhuthaziyo
Ezi ziyinxalenye yodidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-SNRIs (Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors). Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Atomoxetine (Strattera) kunye ne-Viloxazine (Qelbree). Ezi zonyusa amanqanaba e-norepinephrine ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunezivuselelayo.
Ngamafutshane, la mayeza athintela ukuthathwa kwakhona kwe-norepinephrine kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo. Oku kwandisa ubungakanani be-norepinephrine ekhululekileyo phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo, nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kobuchopho.
Uphando lubonise ukuba amayeza avuselelayo nalawo angavuseleliyo aphucula kakhulu iimpawu ze-ADHD, ezifana nokukhumbula, ukuqaphela, kunye nokulawula indlela yokuziphatha.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Imizekelo esetyenziswa rhoqo (amagama eebhrendi) |
|---|---|
| Izinto ezivuselelayo - Iqela leMethylphenidate | I-Concerta, iRitalin, iFocalin, iDaytrana |
| Izinto ezivuselelayo - Iqela le-Amphetamine | UAdderall, uVyvanse, uDexedrine, uEvekeo |
| Izinto ezingezizo ezivuselelayo - iqela le-SNRI | I-Strattera (i-Atomoxetine), i-Qelbree (i-Viloxazine) |
Ukhetha njani amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe, gqirha?
Amayeza e-ADHD angcono anokunciphisa iimpawu malunga ne-80%. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, nogqirha wakho akanakukuxelela ukuba loluphi unyango oluza kusebenza kakuhle kuwe. Ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kunokuthatha ixesha kunye novavanyo oluninzi .
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uza kuqala ngedosi ephantsi yesikhuthazi. Ukuba oko akusebenzi, uza kunyusa idosi kancinci. Ukuba oko akusebenzi, banokutshintshela kwenye iyeza.
Khumbula, kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe alawula iimpawu zakho, angabi namiphumo mibi, kwaye asebenzele wena. Ngoko ke ungoyiki. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Yiba nomonde kwaye usebenzisane nogqirha wakho.
Kwanamayeza e-ADHD angcono kakhulu akayonto iphilisa zonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, kufuneka udibanise amayeza neengcebiso, umthambo, kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale mithi?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, amayeza e-ADHD anokuba nemiphumo emibi. Abanye abantu abanazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kwabanye, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuba nzima kangangokuba zenze kube nzima ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imiphumo emibi oyifumanayo.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Izinto ezikhuthazayo |
|
| Izinto ezingezizo ezivuselelayo |
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho. Ezinye zazo ziya kuphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa njengoko umzimba wakho uqhelana namayeza. Ukuba ziyaqhubeka kwaye zikukhathaza, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha idosi okanye akutshintshele kwenye iyeza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD yimeko enokunyangeka. Awuwedwa, baninzi abantu abajongene nale meko.
- Amayeza ayinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yonyango lwe-ADHD. Anceda ukulinganisela iikhemikhali zobuchopho kwaye aphucule ingqalelo yakho kunye nolawulo lwakho.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza. Ukuba olunye alusebenzi, ungazama olunye.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba uzinike ixesha elithile ukuze ufumane amayeza kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kuwe, ngoko ke yiba nomonde.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namayeza okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, qiniseka ukuba uthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Musa ukulindela izinto ezithile.
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