Xa nabani na efumanisa ukuba unomhlaza, uyoyika kakhulu aze azive enomthwalo omkhulu entliziyweni yakhe. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, ngoku kukho iindlela ezininzi ezintsha neziphucukileyo zokulwa nomhlaza. Usenokuba ukhe weva igama elithi 'immunotherapy' ngaphambili. Olu lunyango lwanamhlanje oluye lwazisa ithemba elitsha kubantu abaninzi ekulweni nomhlaza. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe namhlanje, ngendlela wonke umntu anokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni unyango lwe-immunotherapy?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka siqale siqonde inkqubo yokuzikhusela emangalisayo enayo imizimba yethu. Loo nkqubo yokuzikhusela . Njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe, le nkqubo isikhusela kwizifo ngokulwa neentsholongwane, ezinje ngeebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ezingena emizimbeni yethu.
Ngokwesiqhelo, le nkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba inokuchonga nokutshabalalisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga emzimbeni, kwaneeseli zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, iiseli zomhlaza luhlobo olunobuqili kakhulu lweeseli. Ngamanye amaxesha zisebenzisa amaqhinga ahlukeneyo ukuzimela kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba. Okanye zinokuwenza buthathaka inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba.
Kulapho ke unyango lwe-immunotherapy lungena khona. Ngamafutshane, unyango lwe-immunotherapy lusebenza ngokuvuselela ukhuselo lwethu olungasebenziyo, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela , kwaye lubaxelele, "Hee, kukho iiseli zomhlaza ezicashile apha, masizifumane size sizitshabalalise." Oku kwenziwa ngokunika umzimba izinto ezifana neeproteni ezikhethekileyo (ii-cytokines) ezinceda iiseli ukuba zinxibelelane, okanye ngokunika amayeza anceda iiseli zomzimba ukuba zibone iiseli zomhlaza ngokulula.
Zithini iingenelo ze-immunotherapy?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezicacileyo zokuba le ndlela yonyango ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezigulane ezinomhlaza. Makhe sijonge iingenelo eziphambili.
| Inzuzo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iphumelele nakwimihlaza engaphenduliyo kwezinye iindlela zonyango | Ii-immunotherapy ziye zakwazi ukulawula ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezinganyangekiyo ezingasabeli kakuhle kunyango lwendabuko olufana ne-chemotherapy okanye i-radiotherapy. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphantsi kakhulu | Unyango olufana ne-chemotherapy lunokonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni, ngoko ke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokulahlekelwa ziinwele kunye nokucaphuka okukhulu ziqhelekile. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba unyango lwe-immunotherapy lujolise kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjalo aziqhelekanga. |
| Ukufumana ukhuseleko lwexesha elide | Le yenye yezona nzuzo zibalulekileyo zolu nyango. Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela 'inenkumbulo'. Nje ukuba ifunde ukuqaphela iiseli zomhlaza nge-immunotherapy, inkqubo iyakhumbula ezo seli. Ke ngoko, umngcipheko wokuphinda ubuye umhlaza kwixesha elizayo uyancitshiswa. |
| Ingasetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza | Le ndlela sele isetyenziswa ukunyanga phantse iintlobo ezingama-20 zomhlaza. Njengoko uphando lusaqhubeka, kunethemba lokuba olu nyango luya kuba yimpumelelo kwiintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza kwixesha elizayo. |
Masiqaphele neengozi kunye neengxaki zolu nyango.
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, unyango lwe-immunotherapy luneengozi kunye neenzuzo zalo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.
| Umngcipheko/Ukungalungi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Asinguye wonke umntu ofumana iziphumo ezifanayo. | Olu nyango lunokuphumelela komnye umguli, kodwa lungaphumeleli komnye. Kwakhona, nangona lusebenza kakuhle kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, lusenokungasebenzi kangako kwabanye. |
| Ixabiso eliphezulu | Ngenxa yokuba obu bubuchwepheshe bale mihla, kwaye ngenxa yokuba unyango ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka lulungiselelwe isigulana ngasinye, iindleko zonyango ziphezulu kakhulu. |
| Ithuba leziphumo ebezingalindelekanga | Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho ngenxa yokusabela kakhulu kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomzimba, ukudinwa, isicaphucaphu, amaqhuqhuva eluswini, kunye nomkhuhlane zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi zinto zinokulawulwa kakuhle ukuba ziyaqatshelwa kwaye zixelwe kugqirha kwangethuba. |
| Ichaphazela iiseli ezisempilweni | Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela engasebenzi kakuhle ihlasele amalungu asempilweni emzimbeni (umz., imiphunga, isibindi, ulusu, amathumbu) kunye neeseli zomhlaza. Le inokuba yimeko eyingozi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuhlala phantsi kweliso likagqirha kulo lonke unyango. |
Ngoko ke, ndingenza njani isigqibo sokuba olu nyango lufanelekile kum?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Asingombuzo onokuwenza wedwa lo. Ukuba i-immunotherapy ikulungele na, kufuneka kugqitywe emva kokuxoxa ngononophelo nogqirha wakho we- oncologist , oqhelene kakuhle nemeko yakho.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela izinto ezininzi xa esenza esi sigqibo:
- Uhlobo lomhlaza onalo.
- Inqanaba apho umhlaza usasazeka khona.
- Impilo yakho iyonke.
- Unyango olufumene ngaphambili.
- Ezinye iimpawu ezithile zemfuza ( iinguqu ezithile zemfuza ) kwiiseli zakho zomhlaza.
Isigulana ngasinye somhlaza kunye nomhlaza ngamnye zahlukile. Ngoko ke, unyango olusebenzela omnye umntu lusenokungasebenzi komnye. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo efana nale, "Gqirha, ngaba unyango lwe-immunotherapy lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwimeko yam?" okanye "Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangela oku?"
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Immunotherapy yindlela yonyango yanamhlanje esebenzisa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu ( inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ) ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- Olu nyango lunezibonelelo kunye neengxaki. Iingenelo eziphambili ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunye nokhuseleko lwexesha elide xa kuthelekiswa ne-chemotherapy.
- Iingxaki kunye neengozi ziquka iindleko eziphezulu, iziphumo ezingaguqukiyo kubo bonke abaguli, kunye nomngcipheko wokusabela ngokugqithisileyo kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka, kodwa zinokulawulwa kakuhle ukuba ziqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye kufunwe iingcebiso zonyango.
- Ufanele uthathe isigqibo sokuba olu nyango lukulungele na emva kokuxoxa ngalo nogqirha wakho we-oncologist. Ungaze wenze izigqibo ngokusekelwe kumava abanye abantu.
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