Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba umntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha wonwabile ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ukhuthele kakhulu, aze ngequbuliso abe nomsindo kakhulu, abe lusizi, aze ahlale egumbini lakhe yedwa nakwezona zizathu zincinci? Ukuba uqaphela olu hlobo lokuziphatha olungaqhelekanga olutshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwezinto ezimbini ezigqithisileyo, ngoku lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthetha ngalo. Namhlanje sithetha nge-bipolar disorder , imeko yengqondo abazali abaninzi abangayaziyo, kodwa inokubonwa nasebantwaneni.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder?
Isifo se-bipolar ngaphambili sasibizwa ngokuba yi-manic-depression. Ngamafutshane, yimeko yengqondo apho imeko yomntu, amandla akhe, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe kudlula ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. Khawucinge nje, ngomzuzu omnye wonwabile kakhulu kwaye usebenza kakhulu. Sibiza loo nto ngokuba sisiganeko se-manic . Ngomzuzu olandelayo, udandathekile kakhulu, udandathekile, kwaye ungenamdla kwinto ngaphandle kwesizathu. Sibiza loo nto ngokuba sisiganeko se-manic .
Ikakhulu, le meko ibonwa nakubantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-7-8 ubudala.
Makhe sicinge ngale meko. Umama wayenonyana oneminyaka esi-8 ubudala. Wahlala engalali kangangeentsuku, waba nobutshaba kusapho lwakhe, walusongela ngeemela, waza wazama ukuhlasela umntakwabo. Xa abazali aboyikayo bamsa esibhedlele, emva kweentsuku ezininzi zovavanyo, oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba lo mfana unesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder. Oku kunokwenzeka ngokwenene.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, oku akuyonto imbi, kukwenzakala komntwana, okanye yimpazamo yabazali. Le yimeko yezonyango efuna unyango.
Ungazi njani ukuba umntwana unale meko?
Ukuba umntwana ubonakalisa ezi mpawu zokuziphatha ixesha elingaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini, kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango. Ezi mpawu zinokwahlulwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini: ukuxinezeleka kwengqondo kunye nokudandatheka.
| Iimpawu zeManic | Iimpawu zoxinzelelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba nomdla ongaqhelekanga, ukuqhula, okanye ukuba nomsindo/umsindo ngequbuliso. | Ukuva ubuhlungu okanye ukulila ngalo lonke ixesha. |
| Ukuba nokuzithemba okuphezulu nokungeyonyani (umz., ukucinga ukuba banokubhabha kwaye akukho mntu unokubathintela). | Ukurhoxa kubahlobo kunye nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo. |
| Ukonyuka kakhulu kwamandla omzimba. Ukungaziva udiniwe nasemva kokungalali iintsuku ezininzi. | Ukulahlekelwa ngamandla, umdla okanye ugqozi kuyo nayiphi na into. |
| Ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanye, kodwa ungagqibi nanye kuyo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukutshintsha ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza. | Ukuziva ungento yanto nokwenza yonke into engalunganga. |
| Ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu nangokungapheliyo. Ukutshintsha izihloko ngokukhawuleza. Ukungavumeli ukuphazamiseka kwenzeke. | Ukuba nomsindo kakhulu xa ungamkelekanga okanye ungaphumeleli. |
| Ukuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi enobungozi (umz., ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, ukwenza izinto eziyingozi, isondo esingakhuselekanga). | Utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela yokutya kunye nemikhwa yokulala (ukulala kakhulu okanye ukutya kakhulu). |
| Ukuziva ngathi iingcinga ziyabaleka. | Izikhalazo zomzimba ezihlala zikho ezifana neentloko ezibuhlungu kunye nesisu esibuhlungu. |
| Iingcinga ezihlala zihleli malunga nokufa, ukuzibulala, okanye ukuzenzakalisa. |
Oku kwahluke njani kwi-ADHD?
Amaxesha amaninzi, xa abazali bebona ezi mpawu, bacinga ukuba umntwana wabo une-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder). Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho zombini izinto ezibangela ukungasebenzi kakhulu kunye nokungakhathali. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi meko zimbini.
Njengoko oogqirha besitsho, "Umntwana one-ADHD unokuba nomsindo kangangemizuzu emihlanu, alibale ngaloo nto aze axolise emva kwexesha elithile. Kodwa umsindo womntwana one-bipolar unokuhlala iiyure ezininzi, mhlawumbi usuku lonke. Kukugqabhuka komsindo ngamandla. Kulandelwa kukudandatheka okukhulu."
Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukuzazi ngokuchanekileyo ezi mpawu nokufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
Kutheni abantwana benale meko?
Kunzima ukutsho isizathu sokuphela koku. Kodwa eyona nto iphambili likhonkco lemfuza kusapho . Oko kukuthi, ukuba isalamane esisondeleyo kusapho (umama, utata, umakhulu, umalume) sinesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder okanye esinye isifo sengqondo, kukho umngcipheko othile wokuba umntwana afumane esi sifo. Kwakhona, ukungalingani kwiikhemikhali ezithile engqondweni ( ii-Neurotransmitters ) kunokuchaphazela oku.
Ndingamnceda njani umntwana wam? Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unale mpawu, ungaze woyike okanye wenze izigqibo wedwa. Into yokuqala nefanelekileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wengqondo.
Ugqirha uza kukubuza umbuzo oneenkcukacha malunga nokuziphatha komntwana wakho kunye nembali yosapho. Baza kujonga nokuba ezi mpawu zibangelwa zezinye iimeko zomzimba, ezifana nesifo sokuwa okanye iithumba zobuchopho. Kuphela emva koko baya kufikelela kwisifo esichanekileyo.
Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili zonyango :
1. Amayeza: Amayeza anikwa ukuze umntwana azinzise imeko yakhe. La mayeza anokubandakanya amayeza anje `(Mood stabilizers)`, `(Antipsychotics)`. Kungaba nzima ukuqhubeka nokunika umntwana la mayeza. Kuba ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubakho. Kodwa njengoko ugqirha etshilo, "Ukusela amayeza kuyingxaki, kodwa enye indlela kukulaliswa esibhedlele." Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukunika amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha eyalele.
2. Unyango Lokunika Ingcebiso Nokuziphatha: Amayeza ewodwa awakwazi ukwenza yonke into. Umntwana kufuneka afundiswe ukuphila nale meko, ukulawula iimvakalelo zakhe, ukuhlalisana kakuhle nabahlobo, nokujongana neengxaki xa zivela. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Psychoeducation." Xa umntu omdala enale meko, unamava athile ebomini. Kodwa xa umntwana omncinci enale meko, akafumananga thuba lokufunda ezi zakhono zentlalo. Olu nyango lumalunga nokudlulisela ezo zakhono kumntwana.
Inxalenye yonyango ikwanika abazali ukuqonda le meko nokubacebisa ngendlela yokujongana nomntwana.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingxaki yokuguquguquka kwengqondo ebuntwaneni yimeko yezonyango enokubonwa ebantwaneni. Ayisiyonto imbi ebantwaneni.
- Kule meko, imeko yomntwana itshintsha ngokukhawuleza phakathi kolonwabo olukhulu ( mania ) kunye nosizi olukhulu (ukudakumba).
- Oku kwahlukile kwi-ADHD, enokwahlulwa ngobunzima kunye nobude beempawu.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, musa ukoyika kwaye ngoko nangoko bonana nogqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wengqondo ukuze afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
- Kunye namayeza njengonyango, iingcebiso kunye nonyango lokuziphatha komntwana kunye nosapho nazo zibaluleke kakhulu.
- Njengomzali, awuwedwa. Kukho abantu abaninzi kunye nemibutho enokukunceda wena nomntwana wakho. Luxanduva lwakho ukufumana uncedo olufanelekileyo.
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