Ngaba wakha wabona isaziso kumabonwakude, kwiphephandaba, okanye xa uhamba esitratweni malunga "nesidingo esingxamisekileyo segazi"? Mhlawumbi ukhe wabona inkampu yokunikela ngegazi kwitempile yelali yakho, ecaweni, okanye kwiholo yoluntu. Ukunikela ngegazi yinto entle kakhulu. Lithuba elixabisekileyo kuthi lokusindisa ubomi bomnye umntu ngaphandle kweendleko. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngento ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokunikela ngegazi.
Kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene ukunikela ngegazi?
Ngamafutshane, ukunikela ngegazi kwenzeka xa umntu ophilileyo enikela ngokuzithandela inxalenye yegazi lakhe kwisigulana esisweleyo. Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yezempilo, kungekuphela nje kwilizwe lethu, kodwa kwihlabathi liphela.
Cinga ngomntu oye wehlelwa yingozi enkulu kwaye wopha kakhulu, umntwana onomhlaza, umntu otyandwa kakhulu, okanye umama onengxaki ngexesha lokubeleka. Bonke aba bantu badinga igazi ukuze baphile. Akukho teknoloji okwangoku yokwenza igazi ngokwenziwa ngaphandle kwemizimba yethu. Ke ngoko, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokuhlangabezana nale mfuno kukuba abantu abaphilileyo njengathi banikele ngegazi.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ipayinti yegazi ithathwa kuwe ngexesha. Oko malunga neemililitha ezingama-450. Umntu omdala osempilweni unepayinti ezili-10-12 zegazi emzimbeni wakhe. Ngoko ke lo mnikelo uncinci kakhulu ongenakulimaza umzimba wakho. Umzimba wethu unokuphinda uvelise elo nani legazi kwiiveki ezi-4-6.
Kwenzeka ntoni egazini esilinikelayo?
Ubusazi na ukuba ipayinti enye yegazi oyinikelayo ingasindisa ubomi obufikelela kwabathathu? Uyazi njani loo nto? Igazi olinikelayo lahlulwe laba ziinxalenye ezine eziphambili kwilebhu. Ezi nxalenye emva koko zinikwa isigulana ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zaso.
| Inxalenye yegazi | Iimeko zokusetyenziswa |
|---|---|
| Iiseli zegazi ezibomvu | Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha ioksijini emzimbeni. Zinikwa abantu abane-anemia, okanye abo balahlekelwe ligazi elininzi ngenxa yeengozi okanye utyando. |
| Iplasma | Inxalenye yegazi elulwelo. Inikwa izigulana ezitsha kakhulu, ezinesifo sesibindi, kunye nezifo ezinzulu. |
| Iiplatelets | Aba bafana namajoni amancinci ayeka ukopha xa imizimba yethu yenzakele. Babalulekile kwizifo ezifana ne-dengue, kunyango lomhlaza, nakutshintsho lwamalungu omzimba. |
| I-AHF eqhekekileyo | Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweproteni olunceda ukujiya kwegazi. Ezi zinikwa izigulana ezineengxaki zokujiya kwegazi, ezifana ne-hemophilia. |
Ngubani onokunikela ngegazi? Zithini iimfaneleko?
Akufuneki ziqinisekiso zikhethekileyo ukuze unikele ngegazi. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba sempilweni . Kukho ezinye iziqinisekiso ezisisiseko ekufuneka uzifezekise ukuze ukhuseleke kwaye ukhuseleke isigulana esisebenzisa igazi.
- Ubudala: Kufuneka ube phakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-60 ubudala.
- Ubunzima: Kufuneka bube ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezingama-50.
- Impilo entle: Ufanele ube sempilweni, ungabi nazifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane .
- Inqanaba le-hemoglobin: Oku kuhlolwa ngesampulu yegazi encinci ethathwe kwincam yeminwe yakho ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi. Kufuneka libe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
Ziziphi iimeko apho ungenakukwazi ukunikela ngegazi?
Ezinye iimeko zempilo nezizathu zinokukuthintela ekunikeleni ngegazi okwethutyana okanye ngokusisigxina. Le mithetho imiselwe ukukhusela wena kunye nesigulana esifumana igazi.
| Imeko | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimeko apho ukunikela ngegazi kungenzeki okwethutyana | |
| Amanye amayeza | Yazisa abasebenzi kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi ngamayeza owasebenzisayo. |
| Ukukhulelwa kunye nokuncancisa | Awunakunikela ngegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa nangexesha elithile emva kokubeleka. |
| Emva kotyando lwakutshanje | Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando, kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elithile. |
| Ukudweba itattoo / ukugqobhoza indlebe | Ukuba yenziwe kwindawo ecocekileyo nekhuselekileyo, kufuneka ihlale phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3-6. |
| Uhambo oluya kwilizwe elisengozini yemalariya | Ukuba ukhe waya kwilizwe elinjalo, awunakunikela ngegazi kangangexesha elithile. |
| Iimeko apho ukunikela ngegazi kungenakwenzeka ngokusisigxina | |
| I-HIV/AIDS | Ukuba le meko ikhona, igazi alinakunikelwa. |
| Ezinye iintlobo ze-hepatitis (iHepatitis B, C) | Ukuba unezi zifo, awunakunikela ngegazi. |
| Umhlaza onxulumene negazi | Umhlaza ofana ne-leukemia kunye ne-lymphoma. |
Ngaba umntu onesifo seswekile anganikela ngegazi?
Ewe. Ukuba isifo sakho seswekile silawulwa kakuhle ngamayeza okanye i-insulin, kwaye awunazo ezinye iingxaki, unganikela ngegazi. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto kwaye wazise ugqirha kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi.
Awunakunikela ngegazi ukuba une tattoo?
Ukuba netattoo akuthethi ukuba awunakunikela ngegazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wenze itattoo yakho kwindawo edumileyo esebenzisa izixhobo ezicocekileyo nezicociweyo, unganikela ngegazi emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6. Oku kukujonga izifo ezithwalwa ligazi ezifana ne-hepatitis.
Isebenza njani inkqubo yokunikela ngegazi?
Oku kulula kakhulu, kuthatha malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15. Yonke le nkqubo ithatha malunga neyure.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Zonke izixhobo (inaliti, ityhubhu) ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lokunikela ngegazi zintsha kwaye zicociwe iintsholongwane. Zisetyenziswa kube kanye emva koko zilahlwe. Ngoko ke akufuneki ukhathazeke ngokufumana naluphi na uhlobo lwesifo.
1. Ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi
Xa usiya kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi, uza kuqala ubhalise iinkcukacha zakho. Emva koko uza kucelwa ukuba ugcwalise ifomu ekubuza imibuzo embalwa malunga nempilo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uphendule le mibuzo ngokunyaniseka. Emva koko, umongikazi okanye ingcali iza kujonga ubushushu bakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi , kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo . Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ithontsi elincinci legazi liza kuthathwa kwincam yomunwe wakho kwaye inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho liza kuvavanywa.
2. Ngelixa unikela ngegazi
Uza kuhlaliswa/uhlaliswe kwisitulo okanye ebhedini ekhululekileyo. Umongikazi uza kukhetha umthambo okufutshane nengqiniba yakho aze acoce loo ndawo kakuhle nge-antiseptic. Emva koko inaliti iza kufakwa. Uza kuva nje ukuhlatywa okuncinci. Emva koko igazi liza kuqala ukuqokelelana kwingxowa yegazi. Oku kuza kuthatha malunga nemizuzu eyi-8-10.
3. Emva kokunikela ngegazi
Nje ukuba igazi litsalwe, kufakwa iplasta encinci kwindawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona. Uza kunikwa into yokutya, njengebhisikithi, kunye nesiselo. Kubalulekile ukuphumla malunga nemizuzu eli-15. Oku kukujonga ukuba uziva unesiyezi na . Emva koko, ungagoduka. Uza kucetyiswa ukuba uphephe ukwenza imisebenzi enzima imini yonke, usele amanzi amaninzi, kwaye uhlale uphumle.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga emva kokunikela ngegazi?
Uninzi lwabantu aluziva lungonwabanga. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuziva benesiyezi okanye bediniwe. Yiyo loo nto besithi phumla imizuzu eli-15. Kwakhona, indawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona inokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancinci, nto leyo eya kuphola ngokwayo kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.
Ukuba ungumnikeli wegazi rhoqo, licebo elihle ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-iron . Ungathetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngale nto uze uthathe isongezelelo se-iron ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukunikela ngegazi sisenzo esihle nesikhuselekileyo esinokusindisa ubomi.
- Ngokunikela ngepayinti enye yegazi, ungasindisa ubomi obufikelela kwabathathu.
- Nabani na ophakathi kweminyaka eli-18 ukuya kuma-60 ubudala, onobunzima obungaphezulu kweekhilogram ezingama-50, kwaye esempilweni entle anganikela ngegazi.
- Ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi, sela amanzi amaninzi kwaye utye ukutya okunesondlo okutyebileyo kwi-iron.
- Emva kokunikela ngegazi, phumla imizuzu eli-15 kwaye uphephe umsebenzi onzima emini.
- Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo okanye awuqinisekanga ngamayeza owasebenzisayo, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha kwiziko lokunikela ngegazi ngaphambi kokuba unikele ngegazi.
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