Xa sisiva igama elithi ' umhlaza webele ', wonke umfazi uyoyika kancinci, yinyani leyo. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyazi sonke kukuba okukhona esi sifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba onyango oluphumelelayo kunye nokuchacha ngokupheleleyo aphezulu. Enyanisweni, ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunokusindisa amawaka abantu. Ngoko ke, ukubeka uloyiko ecaleni kunye nokwazi ngokupheleleyo yeyona nto ilungileyo esinokuyenza.
Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukubhaqwa kwangethuba?
Ngamafutshane, ukuba sifumana umhlaza ngaphambi kokuba ukhule emzimbeni, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba ukhule kwaye usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, kulula kakhulu ukuwunyanga. Ukuba senjenjalo, unyango oza kufuneka ulwenze lusenokungabi namandla kangako. Umzekelo, utyando lunokukwazi ukususa umhlaza lodwa. Unyango olunamandla ngakumbi, olufana ne-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation, lusenokungafuneki.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kunokunciphisa kakhulu inani labantu ababulawa ngumhlaza webele. Leyo yeyona nzuzo inkulu apha.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezikhoyo zokuxilonga umhlaza webele?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya umhlaza webele . Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
1. Ukuzihlola ngokwakho
Le yeyona nto ilula onokuyenza ekhaya. Kuthetha ukuqaphela inkangeleko eqhelekileyo (imbonakalo kunye nokuziva) kwamabele akho. Emva koko, ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho, umzekelo, iqhuma elitsha okanye utshintsho eluswini, unokulibona ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungayenza njani le nto? Yiya esipilini ujonge amabele akho ngononophelo. Bamba izandla zakho ngendlela eyahlukileyo (ziphakanyiswe, zibekwe esinqeni sakho). Ngelixa uhlamba, faka isepha kwaye ujikeleze amabele akho nasemakhwapheni akho ngezangqa ukuze ubone ukuba uziva na naziphi na iziqwenga okanye amaqhuma.
Nangona kunjalo, imibutho emininzi yezonyango ngoku ithi oku akumele kwenziwe njengendlela yokuvavanya ngokusesikweni. Kuba uphando aluzange lubonakalise iingenelo zalo ezicacileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kusoloko kulungile ukuqaphela umzimba wakho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
2. Uvavanyo lwebele lweklinikhi olwenziwa ngugqirha
Oku kwenziwa ngugqirha wakho. Ungakwenza oku nokuba uya kujongwa rhoqo. Apha, ugqirha uhlola ngononophelo amabele akho omabini, indawo yakho ekhwapheni, kunye nendawo yakho ye-collarbone ukuze ajonge amaqhuma okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Uza kujonga notshintsho eluswini lwamabele akho kunye naluphi na ulwelo oluphuma kwiingono zakho. Ukuba kukho amathandabuzo, uza kukuthumela ukuze ufumane olunye uvavanyo.
3. Uvavanyo lweMammogram
Le yeyona ndlela iphambili nethembekileyo yokufumanisa umhlaza wamabele kwangethuba. Ngamafutshane, i-mammogram luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray lwamabele. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa namaqhuma amancinci kakhulu angabonakaliyo, ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba avakalelwe.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-mammograms :
- Uvavanyo lweMammogram: Oku kwenzelwa ukujonga umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza emva kweminyaka ethile kubafazi abasempilweni abangenazo iimpawu.
- I-Diagnostic Mammogram: Oku kwenziwa ukuba wena okanye ugqirha wakho nibona iqhuma, iintlungu, ukuphuma kolwelo, okanye olunye utshintsho olungalindelekanga ebeleni, ninikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kuloo ndawo.
4. I-MRI yebele (i-MRI yebele)
Olu vavanyo alufanele wonke umntu. I-MRI idla ngokwenziwa ukongeza kwi-mammogram yabasetyhini abasengozini enkulu yomhlaza webele. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba lwenziwe kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba unembali yomhlaza wamabele okanye wesibeleko kusapho lwakho (njengomama okanye udadewenu).
- Ukuba unamabele axineneyo (oko kuthetha ukuba kukho izicubu ezinamadlala kunye ne-fibrous emabeleni ngaphezu kwamafutha).
- Ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba une-genetic mutation eyonyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza, njenge-`(BRCA1)` okanye `(BRCA2)`.
- Ukuba ufumene unyango lwe-radiation kwindawo yesifuba ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-30.
5. I-Ultrasound yamabele
Le yindlela esetyenziswayo ukongeza kwi-mammogram. Inceda abafazi abanamabele aqinileyo, ingakumbi abo banamabele aqinileyo, ukuba babone izinto ezingabonakaliyo kwi-mammogram. Kwakhona, ekubeni ungenakubonwa kwi-X-ray ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-ultrasound inokwenziwa nakwiimeko ezinjalo.
6. I-Thermography
Le ndlela isebenzisa ikhamera ye-infrared ukulinganisa utshintsho lobushushu kwizicubu zebele. Isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba iiseli zomhlaza zishushu apho zikhoyo. Nangona kunjalo, imibutho emikhulu yezonyango, kuquka i-FDA eMelika, ithi ayinakusetyenziswa yodwa njengendlela ethembekileyo yokubona umhlaza webele kwangethuba. Ke ngoko, akufuneki ithathwe njengento ethatha indawo ye-mammogram.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kwezi mvavanyo?
Njengakwezinye iimvavanyo zonyango, ezi zilingo zinemingcipheko emincinci, kwaye kulungile ukuzazi ezo mingcipheko.
| Umngcipheko | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo Ezilungileyo Ezingeyonyani | I-mammogram inokubangela inkxalabo yokuba into engengomhlaza isenokuba ngumhlaza. Oku kunokukhokelela kuloyiko olungeyomfuneko kunye nesidingo sovavanyo olongezelelweyo. Kodwa khumbula, ayizizo zonke izinto ezikrokrisayo kwi-mammogram ezingumhlaza. |
| Iziphumo Ezingalunganga Ezingeyonyani | Umhlaza wokwenyani usenokungabonwa ngexesha lovavanyo. Oku kunqabile, kodwa kunokwenzeka. Ngoko ke nokuba i-mammogram yakho iqhelekile, ukuba uziva utshintsho ebeleni lakho, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho. |
| Unyango olugqithisileyo | Kukho iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza ezikhula kancinci kakhulu. Zisenokungabangeli monakalo ubomi bonke. Kodwa ukuba zifunyenwe ngovavanyo, kunokufuneka utyando olungeyomfuneko, i-chemotherapy, njl. |
| Intlungu/ukungonwabi | Ngexesha le-mammogram, abanye abantu banokuziva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki njengoko ibele licinezelwa phakathi kweepleyiti ezimbini. Oku kuhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. |
| Ukukhanya kwemitha | I-mammogram yi-X-ray, ngoko ke kukho ukuvezwa kwimitha. Nangona kunjalo, idosi yemitha esetyenziswayo "iphantsi kakhulu." Ke ngoko, iingenelo zokufumanisa umhlaza kwangethuba zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi. |
Ngoko ke, ndifanele ndiyenze nini i-mammogram?
Kulungile, ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza, "Ndingaqala nini ukuvavanywa?" Kukho ukungavisisani phakathi kwemibutho yezempilo malunga noku. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kungcono ukuba abafazi abasengozini eqhelekileyo baqale ukuvavanywa phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-45.
Le minyaka inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezikubangela umngcipheko (imbali yosapho, imfuza, njl.njl.). Ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Uza kukunika icebiso elifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho yempilo. Ngokubanzi, licebo elihle ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho nokuba uneminyaka engama-25 ubudala.
Ukuba kukho iqhuma, wazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba linesifo somhlaza?
Ukuba kufunyaniswa iqhuma lebele okanye into ekrokrisayo ngexesha lovavanyo, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngumhlaza kukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy .
Kule meko, ugqirha usebenzisa inaliti encinci (ngamanye amaxesha ngotyando oluncinci) ukususa iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili kwiqhuma elirhanelekayo. Emva koko isicwili siyavavanywa kwilabhoratri ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na.
Ukuba i-biopsy iqinisekisa ukuba unomhlaza, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga uhlobo lomhlaza, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani (inqanaba), kunye nokuba usasazeke na ukuya kuma-lymph nodes. Uya kukuchazela konke oku aze akumisele isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele yinto ekufuneka uyiqaphele kunokuba yinto ekufuneka uyoyike. Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, unokunyangeka ngempumelelo.
- Ziqhelanise nenkangeleko eqhelekileyo kunye nokuthungwa kwamabele akho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neminyaka ekufuneka uyenze ngayo i-mammogram kunye nokuba kangaphi.
- Musa ukoyika uvavanyo. Lwenze ngokweshedyuli yovavanyo ecetyiswe ngugqirha wakho. Lolona ncedo lukhulu onokulunika wena.
- Amadoda nawo anokuba nomhlaza webele. Nangona kunqabile, ukuba ubona utshintsho ebeleni lakho, njengeqhubu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
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