Masithethe 'ngomphathi' olawula yonke into emzimbeni wakho - iCentral Nervous System (CNS)!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ngubani olawula yonke into eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho, into oyicingayo noyivayo, nento oyenzayo? Njengomphathi eofisini, kukho isilawuli esiyintloko emzimbeni wethu. Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Yiyo leyo inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, okanye njengoko sitsho ngesiNgesi, "iNkqubo yeNervous ephakathi", okanye "i-CNS" ngamafutshane.

Yintoni inkqubo ye-nervous central (CNS)?

Kulungile, yintoni ke inkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi? Ngamafutshane, yinxalenye ephambili yenkqubo yakho ye-nervous. Ifana ne-"CPU" yekhompyutha. Yenziwe yingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo (intambo ye-nervous ehamba ngomqolo wakho). Ezi zimbini zezo ziqokelela lonke ulwazi emzimbeni wethu, zilucubungule, zize emva koko zigqibe ngento eziza kuyenza ngayo, kwaye zisebenzele kuyo.

Cinga ngako oku, ingqondo engaphakathi kwentloko yakho kunye nomqolo ohamba ngomqolo ohamba ngomqolo wakho ngasemva komzimba wakho ngamalungu aphambili e-`(CNS)`. La mabini afana negumbi lokukhusela. Ingqondo ibekwa ngononophelo ngaphakathi kwentloko kwaye umqolo ubekwe ngononophelo ngaphakathi komqolo. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ijikelezwe kwaye ikhuselwe luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-membrane `(Meninges)` kunye nolwelo `(Cerebrospinal fluid)`. Njengokuba i-yolk ikhuselwe ngaphakathi kweqokobhe leqanda.

Ibonakala njani le nto?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba oku kubonakala njani. Cinga ngebhaluni evuthelweyo. Yiyo loo nto ibonakala ngayo. Ingqondo yakho yibhaluni evuthelweyo. Intambo yomgogodla ifana nomtya oqhotyoshelwe kwibhaluni. Zombini ezi zinto zingaphakathi kwezakhiwo zamathambo, oko kukuthi, ngaphakathi kwamathambo entloko nomqolo, zijikelezwe kwaye zikhuselwe zii-membranes ezikhethekileyo "meninges" kunye nolwelo "cerebrospinal fluid". Olu khuselo lubaluleke kakhulu, kuba le nkqubo ibuthathaka kakhulu.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo ye-nervous central (CNS)?

Ngoko ke yintoni kanye kanye le `(CNS)` eyenzayo? Inemisebenzi emithathu ephambili:

1. Ukufumana ulwazi ngeemvakalelo: Imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu – oko kukuthi, ulwazi oluvela kwiindawo ezifana namehlo, iindlebe, impumlo, ulwimi, kunye nolusu – luqokelela konke oku. Khawuthelekelele uchukumisa into eshushu. Ulwazi malunga nobushushu luya ngokukhawuleza engqondweni.

2. Ukudibanisa: Ulwazi oluqokelelwe ngolu hlobo luhlalutywa ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Kulapho siqonda khona izinto ezinje, 'Owu, oku kushushu, ndingatshisa isandla sam.'

3. Ukuphuma kwentshukumo yomzimba: Emva kokuqonda ulwazi, ingqondo igqiba kwelokuba yenze ntoni emva koko. Emva koko ithumela isignali yombane kwimisipha okanye kumadlala afanelekileyo ngomthambo womqolo. Kumzekelo wokuchukumisa into eshushu, ingqondo ithumela isignali yokususa isandla ngokukhawuleza. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yimpendulo yentshukumo yomzimba.

Ngamafutshane, isikhuthazo sangaphandle (umz., ukuva umntu ethetha) siya kwi-`(CNS)`. Apho, `sitolikwa' (owu, nguMama othethayo), size siphume kwakhona njengempendulo (umz., sibuza, 'Kwenzeka ntoni, Mama?'). Konke oku kwenzeka ngesantya esimangalisayo.

Isebenza njani inkqubo ye-nervous central (CNS)?

Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe. Ingqondo yakho ilawula zonke iingcinga zakho, iimvakalelo zakho, kunye neentshukumo zakho. Akupheleli nje ekugobeni umnwe wakho, ekufundeni into entsha, okanye ekuthetheni, kodwa nakwezinye izinto ongaziqondiyo nokuba uzenza, njengokukuxelela ukuba uphefumle okanye wetyise ukutya. Nangona singacingi ngezi zinto, i-'(CNS)' yethu ihlala icinga ngazo.

Nantsi indlela eyenzeka ngayo:

1. Ingqondo idala umyalezo: Ingqondo igqiba kwelokuba kufuneka kwenziwe into ethile.

2. Umyalezo uthunyelwa kwi-spinal cord: Umyalezo owenziweyo (uphawu) uthunyelwa kwi-spinal cord.

3. Ithunyelwa ukusuka kwi-spinal cord ukuya kwi-nerve efanelekileyo: I-spinal cord ithumela umyalezo kwimisipha okanye kumadlala nge-nerve ekufuneka yenze umsebenzi ofanelekileyo (siyibiza ngokuba yi-peripheral nervous system).

4. Isenzo senzeka: Kulapho isenzo senzeka khona. Umzekelo, khawucinge ukuba ufuna ukuhambahamba egumbini. Ingqondo yakho ithumela isignali kwimisipha esemilenzeni yakho ngentambo yomqolo. Ngokwaloo signali, imisipha yakho iyasebenza kwaye ungahamba. Ezi mpawu zihlala zihamba zisuka ebuchotsheni ziye kwintambo yomqolo, kwaye zisuka kwintambo yomqolo ziye emzimbeni wonke, yiyo loo nto yonke into emzimbeni wethu isebenza kakuhle.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous system (CNS)?

Nangona kunjalo, nangona iyinkqubo ebaluleke kangaka, ngamanye amaxesha inokuvelisa izifo. Kukho izifo ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela `(CNS)`. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer : Oku kukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okuqhubekekayo.
• I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) : Esi sisifo esiqhubekayo apho izihlunu zibuthathaka kancinci kancinci.
• Ithumba lobuchopho : Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zobuchopho.
• Ukudumba (umz., i-transverse myelitis) : Imeko yokudumba eyenzeka kwinxalenye yomqolo.
• Ukulimala komqolo : Ukonakala komqolo, njengokwenzeka kwingozi.
• Istroke : Imeko ebangelwa kukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni.
• Ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu : Ukonakala kwengqondo, njengokubethwa entloko.

Iimeko ezinje zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-"(CNS)" yethu.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo se-central nervous system (CNS)?

Ngoko ke, sazi njani ukuba kukho ingxaki nge-`(CNS)`? Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo. Kodwa nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo: Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso kunokwenzeka.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukukhubazeka (`(Ukukhubazeka)`) : Kusenokuvakala ngathi inxalenye yomzimba ilahlekelwa ngamandla ayo.
• Ukudinwa : Ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza.
• Ukudideka kunye/okanye ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo : Ubunzima bokugxila kunye nokulibala izinto.
• Iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo (umz. ukushukuma kwemisipha) : Amalungu omzimba ayashukuma ngendlela engalawulekiyo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu : Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu nengapheliyo.
• Intlungu, ukungaziva, okanye ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo kwimilenze : Usenokufumana iintlungu okanye ukurhawuzelelwa kwiingalo nemilenze.
• Ukuxhuzula : Imeko apho umzimba ushukuma ngequbuliso uze ulahlekelwe zingqondo.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana iimpawu zestroke , ezinje ngokudideka ngequbuliso okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile nokufuna unyango ukuba wenzekele kakhulu entloko okuchaphazela umbono wakho, inkumbulo, okanye ingqondo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezijonga impilo yenkqubo yam yemithambo-luvo (CNS)?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuze bafumane impilo ye-"(CNS)" yakho. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-CT scan (`(I-computed tomography - I-CT scan)`) : Oku kungathatha imifanekiso enqamlezileyo yangaphakathi lomzimba.
• Uvavanyo lwe-EEG (`(Electroencephalogram - EEG)`) : Olu lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
• Ukubhobozwa kwethambo lomqolo (i-spinal tap) : Ulwelo olujikeleze i-spinal cord (i-cerebrospinal fluid) luyathathwa luze luhlolwe.
• I-MRI scan (i-Magnetic resonance imaging - i-MRI scans) : Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba.

Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho afumanise ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi-"CNS" yakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo ze-CNS?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba ugqirha wakho ukufumanise ukuba unesifo esinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (CNS). Wenza ntoni ke ngoko? Ugqirha uza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nesizathu sesifo. Unyango lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo. Nangona kunjalo, olu lulandelayo unyango oluqhelekileyo:

• Amayeza : Ezinye izifo zinokunyangwa okanye zilawulwe ngamayeza.
• Utyando : Ngamanye amaxesha, umzekelo, kwimeko yethumba lobuchopho, utyando lunokufuneka.
• Unyango okanye ukuvuselelwa (ulawulo lweentlungu): Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzilolonga umzimba kunye nonyango lokuthetha zinokwenziwa ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokubuyisela ukusebenza okulahlekileyo.
• Ukhathalelo oluxhasayo : Ukhathalelo olunceda isigulana ukuba senze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kwaye sigcine umgangatho wobomi ulungile.

Ndingayigcina njani inkqubo yam yemithambo-luvo (CNS) isempilweni?

I-`(CNS)` yethu yinto edibene nayo yonke inxalenye yomzimba. Ngoko ke, ukuba ugcina umzimba wakho uphelele uphilile, i-`(CNS)` yakho nayo iya kuhlala isempilweni. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda:

Ngempilo yomzimba:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno emininzi, kunye nokusela amanzi aneleyo yonke imihla.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga umzimba wakho ixesha elifutshane yonke imihla kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye komeleza izihlunu.
• Lawula ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo: Ukuba unezinye iimeko zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle.
• Yiya kuhlolwa rhoqo ngugqirha: Kungumbono olungileyo ukubona ugqirha ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe.
• Ukhuseleko kwiingozi: Ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa udlala imidlalo kwaye uqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukwenzakala entloko nasemqolo.

Kwimpilo yengqondo:

Njengempilo yethu yomzimba, impilo yethu yengqondo ikwabaluleke kakhulu kwi-`(CNS)` kuba iingcinga zethu neemvakalelo zethu zilawulwa yi-`(CNS)`.

• Fumana ixesha lokuphumla nokuphumla: Endaweni yokusebenza imini yonke, zinike ixesha lokuphumla ingqondo yakho kwaye wenze into oyithandayo.
• Ukulala ngokwaneleyo: Ukulala kakuhle ubuncinane iiyure ezisi-7-8 ngosuku kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-`(CNS)`.
• Ukuchitha ixesha nabantu obathandayo: Ukonwaba nosapho nabahlobo kulungile kakhulu kwimpilo yengqondo.
• Ukubeka iinjongo kunye nemida: Beka iinjongo ezincinci ebomini bakho, kwaye ubeke imida malunga noko unako ukukwenza noko ungenakukwenza.
• Ukwenza into oyithandayo: Yenza izinto ezikuzisela uvuyo, njengokuzibandakanya kwinto oyithandayo, ukumamela umculo, okanye ukufunda incwadi.
• Ukufunda izinto ezintsha: Ukufunda into entsha efaka umngeni engqondweni kunokuyigcina isebenza.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela onokuzigcina ngazo wena kunye nenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo isempilweni.

Umyalezo oza kugoduka nawo kweli nqaku

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda kakuhle iCentral Nervous System (CNS) esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Khumbula, yonke into eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho, izinto ozenzayo ngabom (ukuhamba, ukuthetha) kunye nezinto ezenzeka ngokungazithandiyo (ukuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo), zilawulwa yile CNS.

Le yinkqubo ebuthathaka kakhulu., ngoko ke unamathuba amaninzi okufumana iingozi. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngokunyamekela impilo yakho iyonke - oko kukuthi, ngokutya kakuhle nokuzilolonga - ungagcina '(CNS)' yakho isempilweni.

Kwakhona, impilo yakho yengqondo (iingcinga, iimvakalelo) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoko kulawulwa yi-`(CNS)`. Ke ngoko, ukunyamekela impilo yakho iyonke yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza emzimbeni wakho wonke, kunye ne-`(CNS)` yakho.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha.

Inkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi, i-CNS, ubuchopho, umqolo, izifo ze-nervous system, impilo yobuchopho, impilo ye-nervous