Ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho inkulu kancinci kunesiqhelo? Okanye ngaba iskeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa ityhile ukuba kukho ulwelo olungaphezulu engqondweni yomntwana? Kuqhelekile ukuba umama okanye utata azive esoyika kwaye exinezelekile xa esiva into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- 'hydrocephalus '. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela wonke umntu anokuyiqonda.
Yintoni iHydrocephalus?
Xa usiva eli gama, abanye abantu bacinga ukuba sisifo apho ingqondo izaliswe ngamanzi. Eli gama ngokwalo liyindibaniselwano yamagama athi "amanzi" kunye "nentloko". Kodwa eneneni, eli asilomanzi. Eli lilwelo elibaluleke kakhulu elijikeleza ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo. Ngokwezonyango silibiza ngokuba yiCerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) .
Ngamafutshane, cinga ngenkqubo engaphakathi kwengqondo yethu njengesitya samanzi. Kwelinye icala, olu lwelo lwe-CSF luhlala luveliswa, kwaye kwelinye icala, lufunxwa kwaye lukhutshwa ngumzimba. Kufuneka kubekho ulungelelwano oluhle phakathi kwesantya sokuveliswa kwale nto kunye nesantya sokufunyanwa kwayo ngumzimba.
Kwimeko ye-hydrocephalus, ngesizathu esithile olu lungelelwaniso luyaphazamiseka kwaye ulwelo lwe-CSF luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Njengoko ulwelo luqokelelana, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo luyanda kwaye intloko yomntwana inokukhula.
Igama elithi "congenital" lithetha ukuba imeko ikhona kumntwana ukususela ekuzalweni kwakhe .
Kutheni oku kusenzeka kwiintsana? Zithini izizathu?
Kukho izizathu ezintathu eziphambili zokuba olu lwelo lwe-CSF lunokuqokeleleka ngaphakathi kwengqondo:
1. Ukwanda kokuveliswa kolwelo: Iiventricle ezingaphakathi kwengqondo zivelisa ulwelo lwe-CSF oluninzi kunokuba kuyimfuneko.
2. Ukuvaleka kokuhamba kolwelo: Ukuvaleka kwenye indawo kwiindlela apho ulwelo oluvelisiweyo luhamba khona. Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.
3. Ukuncipha kokufunxwa kolwelo emzimbeni: Ulwelo oluphumayo alufunxwa ngokufanelekileyo lubuyele egazini.
I-hydrocephalus yokuzalwa ingabangelwa zizinto zemfuza, kunye neemeko ezithile ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukamama. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezizathu eziphambili kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Unobangela | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aqueductal Stenosis | Ukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwendlela ephakathi kweeventricle ezimbini zobuchopho. Oku kunokubangelwa lusulelo, iithumba, okanye ukopha. |
| Iziphene zeMibhobho yeNyembo | Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-spina bifida, apho inxalenye yomqolo ivezwa khona xa umntwana ezalwa, zinokuthintela ukuhamba kolwelo lwe-CSF. |
| Ii-Arachnoid Cysts | Ezi luhlobo lwethumba oluvela engqondweni kwaye lunokuvala indlela yolwelo lwe-CSF. |
| Isifo seDandy-Walker | Imeko apho iindawo zengqondo zingakhuli kakuhle. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iseli enye engqondweni ikhule ngenxa yokuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuhambisa ulwelo. |
| Iimpazamo zeChiari | Imeko echaphazela indawo apho ingqondo nomqolo zihlangana khona. Inxalenye esezantsi yobuchopho ityhala umqolo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuvaleka. |
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?
Amaxesha amaninzi, oogqirha banokubona utshintsho ekukhuleni kwengqondo yomntwana, njengee-ventricles ezikhuliswe kancinci, ngexesha le-ultrasound scans eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.
Ukuba iskeni ibonisa into efana naleyo, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo ukuze ayiphande ngokucacileyo.
- I-MRI scan: Oku kuvumela ukujonga ngokweenkcukacha ukukhula kwengqondo yomntwana .
- Uvavanyo lolwelo lwe-amniotic:Ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni, isampuli encinci yolwelo lwe-amniotic ingathathwa ukuze kuvavanywe ii-chromosomes zomntwana.
- Imbali yezonyango yosapho: Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha azi ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba neemeko ezifana neziphene ze-neural tube.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Nangona le meko ifunyaniswa xa umntwana esesesibelekweni, unyango ludla ngokuqala emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
Ugqirha wakho uza kuyihlola ngononophelo imeko yomntwana wakho aze akhethe indlela yokunyanga efanelekileyo kumntwana wakho.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango.
1. Ukufakela iNkqubo yeShunt:
Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. Kule nkqubo, kufakwa ityhubhu yeplastiki ebhityileyo neguquguqukayo ngotyando ukusuka kwindawo apho ulwelo lwe-CSF luqokelelana khona engqondweni yomntwana, phantsi kolusu, kwindawo efana nesisu somntwana. Ulwelo olongezelelweyo oluqokelelana engqondweni ludlula kwityhubhu luze luqokelelane esiswini, apho lufunxwa khona ngokukhuselekileyo ngumzimba.
2. Utyando lwe-ETV (Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy):
Le yenye indlela yokunyanga. Apha, kusetyenziswa ikhamera encinci eneteknoloji ye-fiber-optic ukungena ngaphakathi kwengqondo nokwenza umngxuma omncinci kwi-ventricle yengqondo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvaleka kwendlela yolwelo. Emva koko ulwelo luhamba ngomngxuma luze lufunxwe emzimbeni.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Ikamva lomntwana ozelwe ene-hydrocephalus lixhomekeke kwisizathu sesifo kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.
Emva kokuba iinkqubo ze-shunt zifakiwe, kufuneka zijongwe rhoqo ngugqirha . I-shunt ingadinga ukutshintshwa okanye olunye utyando lunokufuneka njengoko umntwana ekhula. Iingxaki nge-shunt zingabandakanya:
- Iintsholongwane
- Umbhobho uvalekile.
- Ukusilela koomatshini
- Umbhobho uyaba ngowaneleyo njengoko umntwana ekhula.
Kukwakho neengozi ezithile ngotyando lwe-ETV. Kukho umngcipheko wokuba umngxuma uvaleke ngequbuliso, nto leyo enokuba yingozi ebomini. Kukwakho neengozi ezifana nosulelo, umkhuhlane, kunye nokopha.
Nokuba unyango lukhona, le meko inokuba nefuthe ekuphuhlisweni komntwana ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Ngenxa yoko, umntwana usenokufuna ukulungiswa, imfundo ekhethekileyo , njl. Nangona kunjalo, ngokulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ngugqirha nothando nenkathalo yabazali , abantwana abaninzi banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obonwabisayo obunemida embalwa emincinci. Ngoko ke yiba nesibindi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hydrocephalus ayikokuqokelelana 'kwamanzi' engqondweni, kodwa kukuqokelelwa kolwelo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- Le meko inokubonwa rhoqo ngeeskeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Kukho unyango olusebenzayo koku, njengokubekwa kwe-shunt okanye utyando lwe-ETV.
- Ukunyamekela umntwana rhoqo kunye nokubeka iliso kuye kubaluleke kakhulu, nokuba sele kudlule unyango.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye uloyiko onalo, ngaphandle kokuba neentloni okanye ukuthandabuza.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo nokhathalelo, abantwana abaninzi banokuphila ubomi obuhle.
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