Ingaba une-mole efana nale esweni lakho? Masithethe nge-Conjunctival Melanoma!

Ngaba wakha wayibona ibala elimdaka okanye iqhuma elincinci kwinxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho? Usenokuba awukayiboni. Kodwa, isenokungabi lula njengoko ucinga. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomhlaza weliso ongaqhelekanga kodwa onokuba yingozi.

Yintoni iConjunctival Melanoma?

IMelanoma - Grosinger, Spigelman kunye neGrey" decoding="async" height="533" loading="lazy" src="https://www.eyemichigan.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Grosinger-Spigelman-Grey-Conjunctival-Melanoma.jpg" width="800"/>

Ngamafutshane, i-conjunctival melanoma luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza olunokuvela esweni lakho. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"Conjunctival Malignant Melanoma." Ngoku usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba yintoni i-"conjunctiva". Yi -membrane ecacileyo egubungela ingaphakathi le-eyelid yakho, inxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-"sclera") . Ukuchaneka, uninzi lwexesha, le melanoma ikhula kwi-"bulbar conjunctiva", i-membrane ye-mucous ekhusela inxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho.

Olu luhlobo lomhlaza wamehlo (i-melanoma yeliso). I-Melanoma iqala xa iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-melanocytes ziqala ukukhula ngokungalawulekiyo . Ezi melanocytes zivelisa umbala obizwa ngokuba yi-melanin onika ulusu lwethu, iinwele, kunye namehlo umbala wazo. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-melanoma yesikhumba, kwaye yiyo loo nto. Kodwa le yileyo ichaphazela amehlo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingozi ebomini .

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, i-conjunctival melanoma ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga kakhulu . Ibandakanya kuphela i-2% yazo zonke iithumba zamehlo. Ikwabandakanya i-0.25%, okanye malunga nekota, yazo zonke ii-melanoma. Nangona kunjalo, kuthiwa inani lamatyala liye landa kancinci kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Kumazwe aseNtshona, ukwenzeka kwesi sifo kuphakathi kwe-0.2 kunye ne-0.5 kwisigidi sabantu ngonyaka. Sidla ngokuvela kubantu abamhlophe abangengabo amaHispanic. Nangona kunjalo, sinokuvela nakubantu baseAsia, abamnyama, kunye namaHispanic. Sinqabile kakhulu ebantwaneni .

Enye into, le melanoma ye-conjunctival ayilohlobo lomhlaza wamehlo olufana ne-`retinoblastoma` okanye i-`intraocular melanoma`. I-`Intraocular melanoma` yileyo iyenzeka kumaleko ophakathi weliso (`uvea`), kwaye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluvela kweliso. I-`Retinoblastoma` yileyo iyenzeka kwi - retina, engasemva kweliso.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala ze-melanoma yeliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-conjunctival melanoma, zingabandakanya:

• I-mole enombala ngaphakathi kweliso . Ngamanye amaxesha le mole isenokungabi nambala. Kwimeko enjalo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-`amelanotic Conjunctival Melanoma` . I-`Amelanotic` ithetha i-`melanin` engenambala.
• Le ndawo inokuba tyaba njengediski okanye iphakanyiswe njengeqhuma (`nodular`).
• Oku kwenzeka kwiliso elinye kuphela (`elicala elinye`).

Yintoni isizathu soku?

Ngenxa yokuba i-conjunctival melanoma inqabile, abaphandi abakaqiniseki ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ukuba ibe yiyo . I-genetics inokuba nendima, kodwa ayosuleli okanye ayisasazeki ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Nangona kunjalo, zimbini iimeko eziye zadityaniswa ngokucacileyo nophuhliso lwe-conjunctival melanoma. Ezi zezi:

• (`I-Primary Acquired Melanosis` – PAM): Kulapho uvela khona amabala amakhulu kune-1 mm, kwaye anokuba nombala, awayengekho xa uzalwa. Le meko ye-`PAM` inokwenzeka ngeeseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye ngaphandle kwazo.
• I-Conjunctival nevi: Ezi zizinto esidla ngokuzibiza ngokuba zii-birthmarks, ii-moles okanye amabala.

Ngaba zikho ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko ekuphuhlisweni kwe-melanoma yeliso ngokubanzi:

• Ukuba namehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye aluhlaza.Abantu abanamehlo akhanyayo banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-melanoma emehlweni kunabo banamehlo amdaka.
• Ukuba mhlophe. Abantu abamhlophe banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-melanoma yeliso kunabantu bezinye iintlanga.
• Ukwaluphala. Lo mngcipheko uyanda njengoko ukhula.

Izazinzulu zicinga ukuba ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet nako kunokuba yingozi.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-melanoma inokubangela ubumfama kwanokufa .

Uyibona njani le nto?

Ugqirha wakho wamehlo (ugqirha wamehlo) unokubona i-conjunctival melanoma ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Ukuba bayayikrokrela, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound (`Ultrasonography`).
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa ukukhanya kwelaser ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-conjunctiva.
• Uvavanyo lwe-biopsy.

Ukuba ingcali yamehlo yakho icinga ukuba le melanoma ye-conjunctival isenokuba isasazeke (i-metastasized) kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, inokuyalela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi .
• Ezinye iimvavanyo zokujonga imifanekiso ezifana ne-'PET scan', i- 'CT scan' ('Computed Tomography scan'), okanye i- 'MRI scan' ('Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan').

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe aze akuncede ukhethe unyango olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho. Unyango lungabandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukususwa kwesilonda ngotyando.
• I-Cryotherapy (unyango olusebenzisa umkhuhlane omkhulu).
• Unyango ngemitha kunye ne -chemotherapy ekwindawo yonyango zizinto ezincedisayo kuphela (oko kukuthi, hayi unyango lokuqala). Unyango ngemitha lunokubandakanya i-brachytherapy kunye nonyango ngemitha yangaphandle.

Zithini iziphumo okanye iingxaki zonyango?

Iingxaki ezinokubakho zotyando lwe-conjunctival melanoma ziquka:

• Ukuvaleka kwe-cornea yakho.
• Usulelo.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini (`Diplopia`).

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-cryotherapy:

• Umonakalo wexeshana okanye osisigxina kwiindawo zeliso lakho, kuquka ne-cornea.
• I-Iritis (ukudumba kwi-iris yakho).

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-chemotherapy yangaphandle:

• Ukukrazula.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa liliso.
• Intlungu yamehlo.
• I-Blepharospasm (ukuxhuzula kweenkophe).
• Ukuvaleka kwe-cornea.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yonyango lwemitha:

• Amehlo omileyo.
• Ukukrazulwa kwe-cornea okwethutyana.
• Ukulahlekelwa ziinkophe.
• Iikhathalogu ezigxile kwi-focal.

Ukuba olu nyango aluphumeleli, ugqirha wakho usenokufuna ukususa iliso elichaphazelekileyo .

Ndiza kuziva ngcono ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Ukuba uziva ungcono ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango olufumanayo . Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngale nto xa ekhetha unyango olulungele wena.

Ngaba i-conjunctival melanoma ingathintelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-conjunctival melanoma, kodwa ungenza izinto ezithile ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi?

Unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-conjunctival melanoma ngokunxiba iiglasi zelanga kunye neminqwazi emihle , ingakumbi xa ilanga liphuma ngaphandle. Oku kuya kukunceda ekukhuseleni kwimitha ye-UV. Kusenokuba licebo elihle ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho elangeni.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba ndine-conjunctival melanoma?

Ukuba une-conjunctival melanoma, ukuba inyangwa, amathuba okusinda alungile . Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana ukulahleka kokubona. Ukuba i-conjunctival melanoma isasazeka (i-metastasizes), oko kukuthi, ifudukela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, imeko inokuba mandundu ngakumbi. Ukuba iyenzeka, inokwenzeka ukuba isasazeke kwimiphunga yakho nakwii-lymph nodes .

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele:

• Cwangcisa kwaye uye kwiintlanganiso zakho zezonyango ngexesha.
• Ukutya kakuhle.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo.
• Funda kwaye ufikelele kwiinkonzo zabantu abangaboni kakuhle nabangaboni kabini.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ubona nantoni na entsha okanye exhalabisayo ngempilo yakho okanye umbono wakho ngaphandle kwentlanganiso yakho yesiqhelo, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-conjunctival nevus kunye ne-conjunctival melanoma?

I-conjunctival nevus sisifo esingenamhlaza (esingenabungozi) kwi-conjunctiva yakho. Ngamagama angengowezonyango, i-nevus ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-mole, i-birthmark, okanye uphawu lobuhle. I-nevus ayingomhlaza, kodwa kukho iimeko apho i-conjunctival nevus inokuba ngumhlaza, ebizwa ngokuba yi-conjunctival melanoma .

Ukuba ubona indawo entsha, ukutyeba, okanye ukuba mandundu kwendawo esele ikho kwinxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo . Ukuva ukuba usenokuba ne-conjunctival melanoma, uhlobo lomhlaza, kunokuba yingqokelela yeemvakalelo ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukufumana uxilongo olufanelekileyo kwaye uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuya kukunceda ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo (ukuxela kwangaphambili).

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyaqonda kakuhle into esithethe ngayo, i-conjunctival melanoma. Iliso lilungu elibuthathaka kakhulu . Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona utshintsho oluncinci okanye into engaqhelekanga elisweni lakho, ungaliphosi. Ingakumbi, lumka kwiindawo ezintsha, iindawo ezimnyama, kunye namaqhuma. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezinjalo . Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe iliso ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.