Ngamanye amaxesha sikhwehlela kangangeeveki, kodwa singakunaki kangako, akunjalo? Sisenokucinga ukuba, "Oku kukukhwehlela nje," kodwa kungaba luphawu lwento enzulu ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, esinye isifo ekufuneka sisinake sisifo sephepha , okanye i-TB njengoko sonke sisazi. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngesi sifo ngokulula.
Yintoni isifo sephepha (TB)?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sephepha sisifo esosulelayo. Sibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)`. Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu imiphunga yethu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha esi sifo sinokusasazeka siye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngaphandle kwemiphunga, umzekelo, ingqondo, umqolo , kunye nezintso.
Ngaphambili, esi sifo sabulala inani elikhulu labantu kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kukho unyango oluphambili namhlanje, siseyingxaki enkulu yezempilo kumazwe afana neSri Lanka. Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne -HIV /AIDS, okanye abo amajoni abo omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yezinye izizathu, basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sephepha. Oku kungenxa yokuba imizimba yabo ayikwazi ukulwa nale ntsholongwane.
Ngawaphi amanqanaba aphambili esifo sephepha?
Xa intsholongwane yesifo sephepha ingena emzimbeni, ayinguye wonke umntu ogula ngaxeshanye. Kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo oku. Masibone ukuba ziintoni.
| Imeko yesifo | Intsingiselo nje | Ingaba iyesulela? |
|---|---|---|
| I-TB Efihlakeleyo | Le ntsholongwane ikhona emzimbeni, kodwa "ayihlali ixesha elide" kwaye ayisebenzi ngenxa yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Akukho zimpawu. | Hayi. Okwangoku, esi sifo asisuleli kwabanye. |
| I-TB esebenzayo | Intsholongwane emzimbeni wakho iqala ukusebenza ize iqale ukwanda ngokukhawuleza. Uyagula kwaye ubonakalise iimpawu. | Ewe. Ngeli xesha, esi sifo sinokudluliselwa kwabanye. |
| Isifo sephepha esingaphandle kwemiphunga | Usulelo lusasazeke ngaphaya kwemiphunga luye kwezinye izitho zomzimba (ezifana nengqondo, izintso, amathambo). | Ayisoloko isasazeka (ngaphandle kokuba kukho isifo esisebenzayo emiphungeni). |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba amandla omzimba omntu onesifo sephepha esifihlakeleyo ayaphela, anokuguquka abe yi-TB esebenzayo nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
I-TB efihlakeleyo ayibangeli zimpawu. Inokubonwa kuphela ngovavanyo lolusu okanye uvavanyo lwegazi.
Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zeTB esebenzayo ziyavela.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kubantu abadala:
- Ukukhwehlela okuhlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-3
- Ukukhohlela igazi nge-mucus
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukunciphisa umzimba kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Ukudinwa rhoqo
- Umkhuhlane ophantsi
- Ukubila okugqithisileyo, ingakumbi ebusuku
- Ukugodola
Iimpawu kubantwana abancinci nakwiintsana:
Iimpawu kubantwana abancinci zinokwahluka kancinci.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukungonyuki
- Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo
- Ukuncipha komsebenzi, ukuziva udandathekile ngalo lonke ixesha
- Kwiintsana, "indawo ethambileyo" entlokweni iyavuvukala.
- Ukukhala rhoqo, ubunzima bokutya okanye ukusela ubisi
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ningazityesheli nize nidibane nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Ingakumbi ukuba kukho iintlungu esifubeni, isenokuba yingxamiseko kwaye kufuneka uye kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko lasesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
Isifo sephepha sidluliselwa njani? Kwaye singadluliselwa njani?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Isifo sephepha sisasazeka emoyeni , njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
Khawucinge nje, xa umntu onesifo sephepha esisebenzayo ekhohlela, ethimla, ethetha, okanye ehleka, amathontsi amancinci aqulethe iintsholongwane ezivela kwindlela yakhe yokuphefumla angena emoyeni. Ukuba umntu ophilileyo uphefumla loo moya, unokosulelwa sesi sifo.
Yiyo loo nto sithi kuyingozi ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwigumbi elinye nomntu onesifo sephepha esisebenzayo, kwindawo engenamoya uneleyo.
| Ezi ndlela azisasazeki! |
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Ifunyaniswa njani isifo sephepha?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uya kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho, akuhlole, aze emva koko akuyalele iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze aqinisekise ukuba awunaso isifo sephepha.
1. Uvavanyo lolusu (Uvavanyo lolusu lweMantoux Tuberculin): Oku kuquka ukufaka ulwelo oluncinci kakhulu phantsi kolusu lwengalo yakho. Emva kweentsuku ezi-2-3, indawo iyajongwa ukuba ayidumbanga na. Olu vavanyo lusenokuba luneziphumo ezihle ngenxa yegonyo le-BCG elinikwa phantse wonke umntu eSri Lanka ekuzalweni kwakhe. Ke ngoko, oku kukodwa akunakuqinisekisa esi sifo.
2. Uvavanyo lwegazi (Uvavanyo lwe-IGRA): Olu luvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Interferon-Gamma Release Assays)`. Oku akuchaphazeleki sisitofu sokugonya se-`BCG`.
3. I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukuba uvavanyo olungentla lubonisa ukuba kukho isifo, i-X-ray yesifuba luvavanyo olulandelayo. Oku kunokujonga utshintsho emiphungeni ukuba kukho isifo sephepha esisebenzayo.
4. Uvavanyo lwe-Sputum: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nechanekileyo yokuqinisekisa i-TB esebenzayo. Iisampuli ezimbalwa ze-sputum ezithathwe kusasa zihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kufunyanwe ngqo ubukho bebhaktheriya ye-TB.
Zithini iindlela zonyango lwesifo sephepha?
Nazi iindaba ezimnandi: isifo sephepha siyanyangeka ngokupheleleyo!
Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka uthabathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amaninzi kunye ixesha elide.
- Kwi-TB efihlakeleyo:Kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza kangangeenyanga ezi-3 nangaphezulu ukuze uthintele ukuba isifo singabi namandla.
- Kwi-TB esebenzayo: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamayeza kufuneka zithathwe rhoqo ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 . Ixesha lonyango linokwandiswa ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-9-12 kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesifo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Nokuba uzive ungcono emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kufuneka usele amayeza ngokupheleleyo njengoko ugqirha wakho ewanike, ungaphoswa lusuku olunye. Kungenjalo, ukuba uyeka ukuwasela phakathi, iintsholongwane eziseleyo emzimbeni wakho zinokukhula zibe luhlobo oluyingozi lwe-TB engamelani namayeza, engamelani namayeza aqhelekileyo. Oku kunokwenza unyango lube nzima kakhulu.
Ugqirha wakho uhlala esenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iingxaki zesibindi ngexesha lonyango. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwiyeza (umz., utshintsho lombono, ukuba tyheli kolusu, ukuhlanza), xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kokuyeka ukusebenzisa iyeza.
Ungazikhusela njani kwisifo sephepha?
- Ukuba uneTB esebenzayo: Hlala kude nabanye abantu kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuqala unyango. Lala kwigumbi elahlukileyo. Gquma umlomo nempumlo yakho ngethishu xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Nxiba imaski yotyando ukuba uya ngaphandle esidlangalaleni. Gcina iifestile zivuliwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya ungena kakuhle.
- Ukuba uneTB efihlakeleyo: Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye njengoko eyalelwe. Oku kuya kuyithintela ukuba ingasebenzi.
- Ugonyo lwe-BCG: Usana ngalunye eSri Lanka lunikwa ugonyo lwe-BCG xa luzalwa. Oku kukhusela abantwana kwiintlobo eziqatha zesifo sephepha (umz. i-TB meningitis).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sephepha (TB) sisifo esinzulu, kodwa esinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo .
- Musa ukungazinaki iimpawu ezinje ngokukhwehlela okuhlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwe-3, ukwehla kobunzima, okanye ukubila ebusuku. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba unyangwa isifo sephepha, kubalulekile ukuba usele amayeza ixesha lonke elimiselwe ngugqirha wakho . Ukuwayeka phakathi kunokuba nemiphumo eyingozi.
- Isifo sephepha sisasazeka emoyeni. Ukuba uhlala kwikhaya elinye nomntu ogulayo, kubalulekile ukulandela iinkqubo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo.
- Ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, nawe ungalawula isifo sephepha kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni.
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