Uziva ulusizi kangakanani njengomzali xa umntwana wakho enesifo somkhuhlane, ekhwehlela rhoqo, evaleka impumlo, kwaye enengxaki yokuphefumla? Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa ngabazali abaninzi ngeli xesha kukukhawuleza baye kwikhemesti ekufutshane, bathenge isiraphu yokukhwehlela kunye nesiraphu ebandayo, baze bayinike umntwana wabo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba la mayeza esiwanika lula awalunganga kangako, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala? Enyanisweni, la mayeza anokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba ancede umntwana. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngawaphi la mayeza angathandabuzekiyo?
Ngamafutshane, la ngamayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha esiwathenga kwiikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. La magama asenokuvakala engaqhelekanga kuwe, kodwa ukuba ujonga ngasemva kweebhotile ezininzi zokukhwehlela nesiraphu ebandayo ozinika umntwana wakho, uya kufumana la magama. La magama anokwahlulwahlulwa abe ziindidi ezine eziphambili.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Isenzo | Iikhemikhali ezinokuba zikhona (Imizekelo yezithako) |
|---|---|---|
| Izinto zokunciphisa ukukhwehlela | Ilawula ukukhwehlela okomileyo okwethutyana. | I-Dextromethorphan (DM) |
| Izinto Zokukhupha Umkhuhlane | Iyanciphisa umhluzi emqaleni nasesifubeni kwaye yenza kube lula ukuwukhupha. | I-Guaifenesin |
| Izithomalalisi zokuxinana | Iyanciphisa ukuxinana ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi empumlweni. | I-Pseudoephedrine, iPhenylephrine |
| Iintlobo zee-antihistamines | Inciphisa ulwelwesi kunye nokuthimla. Ingabangela ukozela. | I-Chlorpheniramine, iDiphenhydramine (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiBenadryl) |
Kutheni kubekho ingxaki ekunikeni abantwana abancinci eli yeza?
Eyona nto iphambili kukuba uninzi lwala mayeza luvavanywa kubantu abadala kwaye iziphumo zisetyenziswa kubantwana abancinci. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqonde kukuba umzimba womntwana omncinci awungomfanekiso omncinci womzimba womntu omdala. Ekubeni amalungu anjengesibindi nezintso esakhula ebantwaneni, indlela amayeza asebenza kwaye akhutshwa ngayo emzimbeni yahlukile ngokupheleleyo.
Ngamafutshane, umlinganiselo womntu omdala awunakulungiswa kumntwana omncinci. Kwakhona, akukho bungqina baneleyo bokuthi la mayeza aya kunyanga ukukhwehlela kunye nomkhuhlane kubantu abadala. Ngoko ke ngaba kukho isizathu sokunika umntwana omncinci iyeza elingasebenziyo nakubantu abadala?
Ziziphi iingozi ezinokubakho zokusebenzisa eli yeza?
Okokuqala, umngcipheko wokwenzakala kakhulu ngala mayeza uphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko omncinci akuthethi ukuba akukho mngcipheko.
Ngokwezibalo, amawaka abantwana abancinci angeniswa kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) minyaka le ngenxa yezi ntlobo zamayeza. Uninzi lwezi meko zenzeka kuba abantwana basela ezi syrup ngokwabo ngaphandle kweliso labazali babo.
Khawucinge ngale meko. Malunga nobusuku, umntwana wakho uqala ukukhohlela ngamandla. Uvuka ngoloyiko uze umnike isiraphu yokukhohlela encinci. Emva kwexesha elithile, xa impumlo yomntwana ivakala ixinene, umnike enye isiraphu yomkhuhlane. Awazi ukuba zombini ezi siraphu zinokuba nekhemikhali efanayo esebenzayo. Okwenzekayo kukuba umntwana engazi ufumana amayeza amaninzi . Oku kubangela ukuba isantya sentliziyo yomntwana sehle.Inokubangela nemiphumo emibi eyingozi efana nokuxhuzula kunye nokuxhuzula.
Ingxoxo yoogqirha yile: Ukuba akukho bungqina bucacileyo bokuba la mayeza aya kunceda umntwana, akufuneki nokuba athathe umngcipheko omncinci.
Ngoko ke simele senze ntoni? Akungcono na ukunika umntwana eli yeza?
Masiziqonde ngokucacileyo iingcebiso ezikhoyo ngoku malunga noku.
- Kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala: Musa ukunika umntu amayeza okukhwehlela okanye okubandayo kwikhemesti nangasiphi na isizathu, ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.
- Amayeza abantu abadala: Ungaze unike abantwana abancinci amayeza abantu abadala. Sebenzisa amayeza enzelwe abantwana kuphela.
- Ukuxuba amayeza: Ukuba umntwana wakho usebenzisa amayeza esifo esithile, musa ukunika amayeza amatsha ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha kuqala.
- Idosi: Landela imiyalelo ekwibhokisi yamayeza ngokuchanekileyo. Sebenzisa icephe lokulinganisa, indebe, okanye i-'dropper' eza nayo. Musa ukusebenzisa iitisipuni zasekhaya, njengoko zahlukile ngobukhulu.
- Ingcebiso kagqirha: Ukuba iimpawu aziphucuki kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ziya zisiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba umsa umntwana kugqirha.
Iingcali ezininzi zabantwana ngoku zicebisa ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala baphephe ukunika la mayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Bakwabonisa ukuba kuchaneke ngakumbi ukumisela idosi ngokusekwe kubunzima bomntwana kunobudala bakhe.
Kaloku, yintoni enokwenziwa ngesifo somntwana ngaphandle kweyeza?
Akukho nyango lomlingo lomkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela komntwana. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izinto ezikhuselekileyo esinokuzenza ukuze sinike umntwana wethu isiqabu.
- Kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3: Bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko xa kukho uphawu lokuqala lokugula. Abantwana abakule minyaka baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu.
- Ukunyanga umkhuhlane: Ukuba kukho umkhuhlane, cela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike iyeza elifanelekileyo (ngesiqhelo elithi `Paracetamol`). Musa ukunika umntwana amayeza afana nelithi `Ibuprofen` ukuba ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, uyagabha okanye uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni. Musa ukunika abantwana abancinci okanye abantwana abancinci i-`Aspirin` nangasiphi na isizathu. Ingabangela imeko eyingozi kakhulu nengaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Reye's syndrome`.
- Ubusi: Ukunika abantwana abangaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala itisipuni yobusi ngenxa yokukhohlela kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu kuluncedo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubusi akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo. Kunokubangela ityhefu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Infant Botulism'.
- Amathontsi etyuwa: Sebenzisa amathontsi etyuwa okanye isitshizi ukususa i-mucus engqindilili empumlweni yomntwana wakho.
- Ulwelo: Nika ulwelo oluninzi olufana namanzi afudumeleyo, isuphu, kunye neparridge ukuze unciphise ulwelo kwaye uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Isifunxi-manzi: Kungcono ukusebenzisa isifunxi-manzi ukuze wongeze umswakama emoyeni kwigumbi apho umntwana wakho alala khona.
- Phakamisa intloko : Ukuze unciphise ukuxinana kwempumlo, gcina intloko iphakanyisiwe kancinci xa ulalisa umntwana.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuba umntwana wakho wenza isandi sokukhala (ukuphefumla) xa ephefumla, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika umntwana wakho uthando lwakho kunye nenkathalo. Umkhuhlane yinto eza kuphola ngokwawo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Amayeza esimnika wona anokubeka umntwana emngciphekweni ongeyomfuneko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala, musa ukumnika amayeza okukhwehlela nawomkhuhlane kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ungaze unike abantwana amayeza abantu abadala.
- Xa umntwana enomkhuhlane, ukhetho lokuqala kufuneka libe liyeza elikhuselekileyo njenge-'Paracetamol'. Kuphephe ukunika i-'Aspirin'.
- Ubusi lunyango oluhle lwendalo lokukhwehlela kubantwana abangaphezu konyaka omnye ubudala.
- Ukuthontsiza ngetyuwa, ulwelo, kunye nokufumana umntwana ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo kudla ngokuba lolona nyango lungcono.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uloyiko malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho.
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