Masifunde ngqo nge-pneumonia.

Ngaba ubukhe waba nomkhuhlane ohambisana nokukhwehlela kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa? Ngaba uziva iintlungu esifubeni xa uphefumla? Usenokucinga ukuba oku kumkhuhlane nje oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba yinto embi ngakumbi. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nge -pneumonia . Akukho nto yokoyika, ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo ngale nto, sinokuzikhusela lula kule meko.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-pneumonia?

I-pneumonia lusulelo lwemiphunga yethu . Khawucinge nje, imiphunga yethu ineengxowa zomoya ezincinci (i-alveoli) apho umoya uqokelelana khona kunye neetyhubhu zomoya (ii-bronchioles) ezidibana nazo. I-pneumonia yenzeka xa ezi ngxowa zomoya zizaliswa lulwelo okanye ubomvu ngenxa yentsholongwane ethile. Emva koko kuba nzima kuthi ukufumana umlinganiselo weoksijini esiwudingayo.

Nabani na angayifumana. Kodwa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kwama-50 basengozini enkulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba amajoni abo omzimba awanamandla okulwa nezi ntsholongwane . Abantu abatshayayo nabasela kakhulu nabo basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-pneumonia.

I-pneumonia inokuchaphazela umphunga omnye okanye yomibini. Xa ichaphazela yomibini imiphunga, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-"bilateral pneumonia." Abanye abantu basenokungazi nokuba bane-pneumonia. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"walking pneumonia." Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu azikho mbi kakhulu kangangokuba zinokuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokwesiqhelo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-pneumonia?

I-pneumonia inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili kuxhomekeke kwisizathu.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?

Iimpawu ze-pneumonia zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, imeko yempilo, kunye nesizathu sokugula. Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

• Ukukhwehlela: Ngokwesiqhelo kukho ukukhwehlela okune-mucus.
• Umkhuhlane, ukubila , kunye nokubanda.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla : Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba udiniwe kancinci.
• Intlungu yesifuba: Intlungu ehlabayo esifubeni xa uphefumla nzulu okanye ukhohlela.
• Ukudinwa kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya .
• Isicaphucaphu , ukuhlanza , okanye urhudo.
• Imilebe okanye iinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Oku kubonisa amanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini egazini.
• Kwabantu abadala: Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abadala basenokungabi namkhuhlane, kodwa endaweni yoko banokufumana ukudideka okanye ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi kunobuqhelekileyo.
• Kubantwana abancinci: Iintsana ezincinci zisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu zicacileyo, kodwa kufuneka ukhathazeke ukuba zihlala zingaphumli, zidiniwe, azifuni ukusela ubisi, ziyahlanza, okanye zinengxaki yokuphefumla.

Yintoni ebangela i-pneumonia kwaye ingaba iyosulela?

Ngokwesiqhelo, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iyalwa kwaye ilawule iintsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, xa ezi ntsholongwane zisiba namandla, ziyawoyisa amajoni omzimba zize zosulele imiphunga.

Iintlobo eziphambili zeentsholongwane ezibangela i-pneumonia ziintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya.

Ngaba i-pneumonia iyosulela?

Ewe, i-pneumonia ebangelwa ziibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane inokosulela. Ingasasazeka ngamathontsi akhutshwa emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ethetha, ekhohlela, okanye ethimla. Ungasifumana esi sifo ngokuchukumisa indawo engcolileyo uze uchukumise impumlo okanye umlomo wakho.

Ngaba umkhuhlane okanye i-COVID ingabangela i-pneumonia?

Ewe. Intsholongwane ethi `Influenza` (ebangela umkhuhlane) kunye nentsholongwane ethi `SARS-CoV-2` (ebangela iCovid-19) zinokuchaphazela ngqo imiphunga kwaye zibangele inyumoniya. Ezi ntsholongwane zikwayenza buthathaka inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ebantwini ukuba bosulelwe zezinye iintsholongwane.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-pneumonia?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, nangona nabani na enokuba nayo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abantu abanezifo zemiphunga ezifana ne-asthma okanye i-COPD.
• Abantu abanezinye izifo ezinzulu ezifana nesifo sentliziyo nesifo seswekile.
• Abantu abasebenzisa i-chemotherapy ngenxa yomhlaza okanye abane-immune system ebuthathaka ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-AIDS.
• Abantu abachitha ixesha esibhedlele okanye kwikhaya labalupheleyo.
• Abantu abanengxaki yokuginya.
• Abantu abatshayayo okanye abachanabeka kumsi wecuba.
• Abantu abasebenzisa kakubi utywala okanye iziyobisi.

Ugqirha uyixilonga aze ayinyange njani le nto?

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, nokuba uyatshaya na, nokuba kukho umntu ohlala ekhaya okanye emsebenzini ogulayo na. Emva koko baza kumamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope. Ukuba une-pneumonia, unokuva isandi "esiqhekekayo" esivela kwimiphunga yakho njengoko uphefumla.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zingenziwa ukuqinisekisa isifo:

• I-X-reyi yesifuba: Ukubona apho usulelo lukhona emiphungeni kwaye lusasazeke kangakanani.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukufumanisa ukuba kukho usulelo lwebhaktiriya na.
• I-Pulse Oximetry: Ilinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini ngokubeka into efana ne-clip emnweni.
• Uvavanyo lwesikhohlela: Ukuchonga eyona ntsholongwane ibangela usulelo.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu se-pneumonia, ubukhali bayo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

• Kwi-pneumonia yebhaktiriya: Kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza ngokwenani leentsuku ezichazwe ngugqirha, nokuba uzive ungcono.
• Kwi-pneumonia ebangelwa yintsholongwane: Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awazukunceda. Into ekuphela kwayo ekufuneka uyenze kukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukusela amanzi, kunye nokusela amayeza omkhuhlane.
• Kwi-fungus pneumonia: Kunikwa amayeza okulwa nefungus.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima okanye unezinye iingxaki zempilo, unokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Esibhedlele, unokunikwa i-saline kunye ne-antibiotics ngemithambo (IV), unikwe i-oksijini, kwaye mhlawumbi ulwelo lususwe emiphungeni yakho.

Ungenza ezi zinto ngelixa uphola ekhaya

Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ekhaya ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.

• Ukuphumla yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Phumla kangangoko unako. Musa ukuya emsebenzini.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi. Ukusela amanzi, iti eshushu, kunye neesuphu kunokunceda ukukhulula ulwelo kwaye kuncede ukuba luphume.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza okukhwehlela. Kuba ukukhwehlela yindlela umzimba okhupha ngayo i-mucus kunye nokucoca imiphunga. Akusoloko kuyinto elungileyo ukuyiyeka.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo kwaye kuphephe ukuba phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo.
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane, ungafumana isiqabu ngokuhlikihla ibunzi lakho ngelaphu elimanzi.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-pneumonia?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-pneumonia kukulandela ezi ndlela zilula.

• Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo. Ukuba uyagula, hlala kude nabanye abantu.
• Gquma ukukhohlela okanye ukuthimla kwakho ngethishu okanye ngengqiniba yakho.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Ukuba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo, zilawule kakuhle.
• Gonyelwa: Kukho imigonyo ecetyiswayo ye-pneumonia kunye ne-influenza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokufumana le migonyo, ingakumbi kubantu abakumaqela asengozini enkulu (abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, abantu abanezinye iimeko zonyango).
• Gcina amasosha omzimba wakho eqinile ngokutya okunempilo, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, nokuzilolonga.