Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelwa kukuba umntwana wakho omncinci wahlukile kancinci kwabanye abantwana? Mhlawumbi ukhetha ukudlala yedwa. Okanye mhlawumbi akakujongi emehlweni xa uthetha. Abanye abantwana bayalibala ukusebenzisa amagama. Kuqhelekile ukuba umzali azive esoyika kwaye ekhathazekile xa ebona izinto ezinje. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-autism, enokuba nezi mpawu. Siza kuthetha nangolunye ulwazi olutsha olufunyenwe kuphando lwakutshanje ngalo mba.
Okokuqala, masibone ukuba yintoni i-autism.
Ngamafutshane, i-autism ayisosifo. Yimeko yophuhliso lwe-neurological echaphazela uphuhliso lobuchopho. Ingachaphazela indlela umntwana aqonda ngayo ulwazi, anxibelelana ngayo nabanye, kwaye aziphatha ngayo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba le meko ichaphazela umntu ngamnye ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha beyibiza ngokuba yi -Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Yicinge njengomnyama. Njengokuba umnyama unemibala eyahlukeneyo, abantwana abane-autism banezakhono kunye nemingeni eyahlukeneyo. Abanye abantwana bafuna inkxaso eninzi ukuze benze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Abanye abantwana banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, kodwa banokuba nobunzima bokunxibelelana nabantu.
Luthini uphando olutsha?
Uphando lwakutshanje olukhokelwa yiZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (i-CDC) eMelika lufumanise into ebalulekileyo. Bafunde idatha evela kubantwana abamalunga nama-20,000 abaneminyaka esi-8 ubudala abane-autism.
Oko bakufumanisileyo kukuba ukuchongwa kwabantwana abane -autism encinci kwakukhula ngokukhawuleza kunabantwana abane-autism enzulu .
- Ngonyaka ka-2000: Malunga nabantwana abathathu kwabayi-1,000 babene-autism enzima.
- Ngowama-2016: Elo nani landa laya kwi-5 kubantwana abayi-1,000.
- Kodwa, jonga ukuxhaphaka okuphantsi kwe-autism: Nangona ngo-2000, abantwana aba-4 kwabayi-1,000 baxilongwa, ngo-2016, elo nani landa laya kwi-14 kubantwana abayi-1,000.
Oku kubonisa ukuba abantwana abangenazo iimpawu ezingathandekiyo ngoku babonwa rhoqo kunangaphambili.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-autism 'yezinga eliphantsi' kunye 'nezinga eliphezulu'?
Masicacise kancinci ukuba kuthetha ukuthini oku 'ukungabi naxinzelelo kangako' kunye 'noxinzelelo oluninzi'. Oku akukokubiza umntwana ngegama, kodwa kukubonelela ngenkxaso ayidingayo umntwana.Olu hlulo lunceda ukuqonda inqanaba.
| Uphawu | I-Autism Engathambiyo | I-Autism enzulu |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuchule bokuthetha | Uyakwazi ukuthetha ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kodwa unokuba nobunzima bokugcina incoko okanye ukuqonda ihlaya. | Akasebenzisi magama (angengomazwi) okanye uthetha amagama ambalwa kakhulu. |
| I-Intelligence Quotient (IQ) | Ubukrelekrele bunokuba buphakathi okanye bungaphezulu komndilili. | Ngokutsho kophando, i-intelligence quotient (IQ) ingaphantsi kwama-50. |
| Unxibelelwano loluntu | Usenokufuna ukuba nabahlobo, kodwa kunokuba nzima ukuziphatha kakuhle eluntwini nokuqonda iimvakalelo zabanye. | Basenokubonakala ngathi bahlukene nabanye abantu, kwihlabathi labo, kwaye abanandaba kangako nabanye abantu. |
| Inkxaso yemihla ngemihla | Bangakwazi ukuzenzela uninzi lwezinto ngokwabo. Basenokufuna ulwalathiso ngomsebenzi wesikolo kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu. | Nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokutya nokunxiba ifuna inkxaso ebalulekileyo ubomi bonke. |
Kutheni iimeko ze-autism 'eziphantsi' zixelwa rhoqo?
Xa ubona ezi zibalo, umntu unokuzibuza ukuba ingaba ukwanda kwe-autism kuyanda na kuluntu. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zoku.
1. Ukwanda kolwazi: Abazali, ootitshala, kunye noogqirha bayiqonda ngakumbi le meko kunangaphambili. Ngoko ke, nokuba baphawula utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela umntwana aziphatha ngayo, bayayijonga.
2. Iindlela zokuchonga ezandisiweyo: Ngaphambili, ngabantwana abaneempawu ezinzima kakhulu kuphela ababefunyaniswa bene-autism. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku iindlela zokuchonga zandisiwe. Ngenxa yoko, ngoku kunokwenzeka ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo nabantwana abaneempawu ezingezizo ezinzima kangako ababengazange bafunyanwe ngaphambili.
Oko kuthetha ukuba esi asisosifo sitsha. Endaweni yoko, ukuqonda kwethu kunye nokukwazi kwethu ukuqaphela ukuba sinesifo kuyaphucuka. Le yinto entle kakhulu, kuba kuthetha ukuba singabanika abantwana inkxaso abayidingayo kwangethuba.
Ndingenza ntoni xa ndinamathandabuzo ngomntwana wam?
Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngomntwana wakho ngelixa ufunda eli nqaku, nceda ugcine loo nto engqondweni kwaye ungabi buhlungu. Musa ukoyika. Awuwedwa.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze kukuthetha nogqirha ngale nto. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo ngale nto nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezingane ocebisayo . Cacisa ngokucacileyo oko ukucingayo ngomntwana wakho kunye notshintsho oluphawulileyo.
Khumbula, okukhona uziqaphela ngokukhawuleza ezi meko, kokukhona unokumnika uncedo olungakumbi umntwana wakho . Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kukuvumela ukuba ufumane uncedo umntwana wakho aludingayo, olufana nonyango lokuthetha kunye nonyango lokuziphatha. Oku kunokunceda umntwana wakho aphuhlise izakhono zakhe kwaye kumomeleze ukuze ajongane nemingeni yexesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Autism yimeko enamanqanaba ahlukeneyo, njengomnyama. Omnye umntwana unokwahluka kakhulu komnye.
- Kutshanje, kuye kwaxelwa amatyala amaninzi e-autism 'encinci', kungengenxa yokuba le meko ixhaphakile, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukuqonda kwethu kunye nokukwazi kwethu ukuyiqonda kuye kwanda.
- Kufuneka siqaphele ukuba abantwana abane-autism 'enzulu' bafuna inkxaso enkulu kunye nokhathalelo ebomini babo bonke.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula, intetho, okanye ukuziphatha komntwana wakho, musa ukulibazisa ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.Ukubhaqwa kwangethuba yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekutyalomali kwikamva lomntwana.
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