Ngubani ingcali yomhlaza? Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wethu usithumela kwenye ingcali, akunjalo? Xa sithunyelwa ngolo hlobo, ingakumbi xa sixelelwa ukuba sibone "ingcali yomhlaza", kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye unexhala. Usenokucinga, "Owu, ngaba ndinomhlaza?" Kodwa ukuba umntu utsho njalo, akuthethi ukuba ndinomhlaza. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngubani lo ngcali yomhlaza (Oncologist), wenza ntoni, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni xa uye kubona.

Ngubani i-Oncologist?

Ngamafutshane, ingcali yomhlaza ngugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kumhlaza. Banoxanduva lokuxilonga umhlaza, bahlole imeko yawo (oko kukuthi, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani, ukuba ukwinqanaba elingakanani, njl.njl.), baze bawunyange. Kwizonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Oncology".

Ukubona ingcali yomhlaza lithuba elihle lokuthetha nomntu oyiqondayo imeko yakho. Banokukunceda ujongane noxinzelelo kunye noloyiko oluza nokwazi ukuba unokuba nomhlaza. Bahlala bekulungele ukukunceda, kwaye baya kuba nawe kuyo yonke inyathelo.

Yintoni eyenziwa yi-oncologist?

Iingcali zomhlaza zinokuthi:

• Fumana iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ukuze kufunyaniswe umhlaza. Oku kungabandakanya uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lwemifanekiso (iiskeni), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-biopsy (ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lethishu ukuze lihlolwe).
• Ukuba ukhe wafunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza ngaphambili, fumana uluvo lomnye umntu .
• Nceda uchonge ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe.
• Xoxa nawe ngokucacileyo ngeenzuzo kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango ngalunye .
• Jonga inkqubela yonyango lwakho lomhlaza . Oku kuthetha ukujonga ukuba unyango lusebenza kakuhle na kwaye ukuba unengxaki na ngalo.
• Landela imiyalelo efunekayo kunye nokulandelela ukuze uzinyamekele emva konyango .

Ngaba ukubonana nogqirha wezifo zomhlaza kuthetha ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo unomhlaza?

Hayi, oko akuyonyani. Ukuthunyelwa kwingcali yomhlaza akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza rhoqo. Bakuthumela kwingcali kuphela xa uneempawu ezibonisa ukuba usenokuba nomhlaza.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ukhwehlela rhoqo, okanye uncipha umzimba, okanye kukho iqhuma elingaqhelekanga emzimbeni wakho, ugqirha wakho wosapho unokucebisa ukuba ubone ugqirha wezifo zomhlaza. Oko kukuthi, ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo wezo mpawu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuthumele kwingcali yomhlaza,Kungcono ukwenza idinga ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Kuba, ukuba kukho naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza, ukuba lufunyenwe kwangethuba, kulula kakhulu ukulunyanga kwaye amathuba okuchacha aphezulu.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengcali zomhlaza?

Ewe, umhlaza sisifo esintsonkothileyo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, umntu onomhlaza usenokungadingi nje kuphela ingcali yomhlaza, kodwa neqela leengcali ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ngcali zahlukeneyo ziyadibana, zisebenzisa ulwazi nobuchule bomnye nomnye ukukunika unyango olungcono. Wonke umntu usebenza ngenjongo enye, ngokubambisana, nangobubele.

Abanye oogqirha be-oncologists banoqeqesho olukhethekileyo kunyango oluthile:

• Iingcali zotyando lwe-Oncology: Ukuba i-biopsy yakho ibonisa ukuba uneeseli zomhlaza, aba gqirha baza kwenza utyando lokususa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo ezingasasazekanga. Baza kukunceda ulungiselele utyando kwaye bakuncede uphile emva kotyando. Umzekelo, banokwenza i-lumpectomy yomhlaza webele okanye i-colonectomy engaphelelanga yomhlaza we-colon.

• Iingcali zomhlaza zonyango: Aba ngoogqirha abanyanga umhlaza besebenzisa i-chemotherapy, unyango lwehomoni, unyango lwe-immunotherapy, kunye nolunye unyango olujoliswe kulo. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba lo gqirha we-oncologist wezonyango ngugqirha wabo oyintloko womhlaza. Oku kungenxa yokuba ngabo obona rhoqo. Iingcali zomhlaza ezininzi zezonyango zikwagxile kwi -hematology, eyindlela yokuxilonga nokunyanga izifo zegazi kunye nomhlaza wegazi.

• Iingcali zomhlaza wemisebe: Aba gqirha basebenzisa unyango lwemitha ukunyanga umhlaza. Unyango lwemitha lunokunciphisa iithumba ngaphambi kotyando okanye lubulale naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando. Unyango lwemitha ngamanye amaxesha lunikwa njengonyango olunye okanye ludityaniswe nezinye iindlela zonyango.

Kukho abanye oogqirha be-oncologists abagxile ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza:

• Iingcali zomhlaza wesisu: Zinyanga umhlaza wesisu kubasetyhini, njengomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, umhlaza wesibeleko, kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
• Iingcali zomhlaza zabantwana: Aba gqirha banyanga iintlobo zomhlaza ezixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kunakwabantu abadala.Imizekelo ibandakanya i-childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, i-Ewing sarcoma, kunye nee-brain tumors ze-childhood.
• Iingcali ze-Neurological Oncologists: Ezi ngcali zonyango zinyanga abantu abaneethumba zobuchopho kunye nomhlaza ochaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo .

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa ubona i-oncologist okokuqala?

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ungaqinisekanga kwaye uloyiko xa uqala ukubona ugqirha we-oncologist. "Ingaba ndinomhlaza ngenene?", "Ndinexesha elingakanani ndinayo le nto?", "Ubomi bam buza kuba njani ngoku?" Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Awuwedwa, abantu abaninzi bavakalelwa ngolu hlobo. Ugqirha wakho ulapha ukukunceda ngezi mvakalelo.

Kwintlanganiso yakho yokuqala, ugqirha we-oncologist uza:

• Buza ngeenkcukacha ngeempawu zakho (umz. ukuba zikho ixesha elingakanani, indlela ezivakalelwa ngayo, kunye nokuba kukho naluphi na olunye utshintsho oluye lwenzeka).
• Uza kuhlolwa ngokwasemzimbeni.
• Iirekhodi zakho zonyango zangaphambili, imbali yezonyango yosapho, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo zangoku ziya kuhlolwa.
• Ukuba bafuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngeempawu zakho , banokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo (ezifana novavanyo lwemifanekiso okanye uvavanyo lwegazi).
• Baza kugqiba ukuba ngaba udinga i-biopsy, uvavanyo lwethishu, okanye awudingi.

Emva kokuqokelela ulwazi olufunekayo ngale ndlela, ugqirha:

• Baza kuthetha nawe ngeziphumo zeengxelo zovavanyo lwakho.
• Uza kwazisa nogqirha okuthumelele ulwazi ngeziphumo zakhe.
• Iya kukuxelela ukuba unomhlaza okanye awunawo, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza.
• Baza kuthetha nawe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo kuwe.
• Uyamamela iingxaki zakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.
• Inika ulwazi malunga nezinye izixhobo kunye namaqela enkxaso anokukunceda .

Ukudibana kwakho kokuqala nogqirha we-oncologist kungathatha iiyure ezintathu. Ukongeza ekuthetheni nogqirha wakho, ungadibana nabacebisi, abasebenzi bezentlalo, okanye abanye oogqirha be-oncologist.

Ukulandela idinga kunye nogqirha we-oncologist

Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho we-oncologist rhoqo ngexesha lonyango lwakho lomhlaza. Ukuthi kufuneka ubonane kangaphi nogqirha wakho we-oncologist kuya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lomhlaza onalo kunye nonyango olufumanayo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ngale nto kwintlanganiso yakho yokuqala.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze i-oncologist yam?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza i-oncologist yakho:

• Uphi umhlaza wam?
• Ingakanani inkulu?
• Leliphi inqanaba lomhlaza endinalo?
• Ingakanani izinga lokusinda eliphakathi kwabantu abanesifo sam?
• Unyango lwam luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
• Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuya emsebenzini ngexesha lonyango?
• Ngaba unyango luza kuyichaphazela inzala yam (amandla am okuba nabantwana)?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo?
• Kuza kufuneka ndize kangaphi kwixesha lokulandela?
• Ndingazinyamekela njani ngexesha lonyango?
• Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso apho ndinokufumana khona uncedo?
• Ndingaxelela njani usapho lwam ngesi sifo?

Kubalulekile ukubuza le mibuzo kuba unelungelo lokwazi yonke into ngokucacileyo. Ikwanceda ekususeni naluphi na uloyiko okanye amathandabuzo onokuba nawo.

Ndingathetha nini nogqirha wam we-oncologist?

Ukuba sele unyangwa ngugqirha we-oncologist, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba kukho izinto ezithile ezenzekayo. Fowunela ugqirha wakho we-oncologist ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit) .
• Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezibonakala.
• Ukuba kukho utshintsho olukhulu ngequbuliso kwiimpawu zakho zangoku .
• Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo nokuba sele usele amayeza.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zestroke (ubuthathaka ngequbuliso kwelinye icala lobuso, ukudideka, isiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, kunye neengxaki zokubona).
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (iintlungu zesifuba, isicaphucaphu, ukuphefumla okufutshane, kunye/okanye iintlungu zamagxa).

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ngamaxesha anje .

Luhlobo luni lwemfundo olufunekayo ukuze ube yingcali ye-oncologist?

Ukuba yingcali yomhlaza akuyonto ilula. Kufuna ukuzinikela okukhulu kunye nexesha elide lemfundo. Okokuqala, kufuneka ufumane isidanga se-bachelor, uze ufumane isidanga sezonyango. Emva koko, kufuneka ugqibezele iinkqubo zokuhlala kunye nee-fellowship ukuze ufumane ulwazi kwiindawo ezifana ne-medical oncology, i-surgical oncology, i-radiation oncology, okanye i-hematology oncology. Konke oku, kudla ngokuthatha phakathi kweminyaka eli-14 neli-16 ukuba yingcali yomhlaza.

Ngamafutshane: into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele.

Xa usiya kugqirha we-oncologist, usenokuziva usoyika, "Andazi ukuba ndinomhlaza na." Okanye, ukuba ufunyenwe unomhlaza, usenokuziva uxhalabile, "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko?" Ngamanye amaxesha unokuziva ukhathazekile, kuba akukho zimpendulo zilula nezicacileyo kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo. Zonke ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile. Ugqirha wakho we-oncologist uyaziqonda ezi mvakalelo, kwaye ukulungele ukukunceda nangayiphi na indlela anokukwazi ngayo. Khumbula ukuba awuwedwa.

"Umhlaza, ingcali yomhlaza, ingcali yomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza, ichemotherapy, unyango lwemitha, iimpawu zomhlaza