Ngaba unamatye anje emehlweni akho? Masifunde nge-Optic Disc Drusen!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza, "Owu, ingaba amehlo am aphilile?" Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezincinci zinokwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu esingazaziyo nokuba zinjani. Enye into enjalo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Optic Disc Drusen, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula.

Zithini ii-Optic Disc Drusen?

Ngamafutshane, i-Optic Disc Drusen ziintsalela ezincinci ze-calcium kunye neeproteni ezinamafutha ezakha kwi -optic disc okanye intloko ye-optic nerve yeliso lakho. Zicinge njengeengqalutye ezincinci. Igama elithi "drusen" livela kwigama lesiJamani elithi "ilitye." Ezi zinokuba nkulu kancinci, okanye zibe nzima ngakumbi, ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ingcambu ye-optic nerve, okanye oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Optic Disc", yinxalenye engaphambili ye-optic nerve yakho. Le mithambo yiyo ethwala oko ukubonayo ukuya engqondweni.

Ezi drusen ngamanye amaxesha zinokwenzeka kwiliso elinye kuphela (`Unilateral`). Nangona kunjalo, amaxesha amaninzi (malunga ne-75%) zibonakala emehlweni omabini (`Bilateral`) . Kwezinye iimeko, ezi zinokubangela ukulahleka kokubona .

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?

Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwe-1% kunye ne-2% yabemi banokuba ne-optic disc drusen. Ezinye iingxelo zithi ukuxhaphaka kwesi sifo ku-1.8% ukuya kwi-2.4%. Le meko inokuchaphazela nabani na, nokuba ungowasiphi na isini. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba ixhaphake kancinci kubantu abamhlophe xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlanga.

Uyazi njani ukuba unazo ezi zinto? Zithini iimpawu?

Uninzi lwexesha, abantu abane-optic disc drusen abanazo iimpawu . Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho wamehlo uya kuzifumana kuphela xa uye kuvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neempawu. Ezi ziquka:

• Iziphene zentsimi yokubona: Oku kuthetha ukuba iindawo ezithile zentsimi yakho yonke yokubona (zombini umbono ophakathi kunye nombono ongaphandle) azibonakali. Abanye abantu banokude babe nendawo enkulu yokungaboni . Khawuthelekelele ujonge phambili uze ngequbuliso ulahlekelwe ngumbono womntu ovela ecaleni.
• Umbono unokuba ngwevu okanye ufiphale okwethutyana elifutshane.
• Ukulahleka kancinci kancinci kombono ongaphandle.
• Amabala amhlophe okanye amthubi kwisiseko se-optic nerve yakho (`Optic Disc`)Xa ugqirha ehlola amehlo akho, unokubona amaqhuma . Amanye ama-drusen ayabonakala (`visible optic disc drusen`), kodwa amanye asenokuba "afihliwe" (`buryed optic disc drusen`). Akunzima ukuwabona ngokulula.

Khawuthelekelele, uSamantha udla ngokuziva ngathi akakwazi ukubona kakuhle xa kukho into ehamba phambi kwamehlo akhe. Ekuqaleni, akazange ayikhathalele loo nto, kodwa kwaba emva kokuba eye kugqirha wamehlo apho wafumanisa ukuba une-optic disc efakwe emehlweni omabini.

Kutheni i-optic disc drusen idalwa?

IiDrusen zenziwa kukuqokelelwa kweeproteni ezinamafutha kunye nezinye izinto. Kodwa izazinzulu azikayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni ezi zinto ziqokelelana kwaye zijiya . Kwezinye iimeko, zinokuzuzwa njengelifa . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unale meko, nawe unokuba nayo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto? Zeziphi iimvavanyo abazenzayo?

Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokubona ezi drusen ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Emva koko angenza uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuqinisekisa ngakumbi:

• Uvavanyo lwentsimi yokubona: Oku kuhlola ububanzi bokubona kwakho kunye nokuba kukho iindawo ongenakuzibona na.
• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Olu luvavanyo lobuchwephesha obuphezulu. Kufana nokuthatha ifoto yengaphakathi leliso uze ulijonge umaleko ngomaleko. Lunokubonisa izinto ezifana nendawo kunye nobukhulu bedrusen.
• I-Ultrasound : Le yindlela yokujonga ngaphakathi kweliso. Iluncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni i-drusen efihliweyo.
• I-CT scan (`CT - computed tomography scan`): Ngamanye amaxesha olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa, ingakumbi ukujonga i-calcium deposits.
• I-Fluorescein angiography: Oku kusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekileyo kunye nedayi ye-fluorescent ukuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi ngasemva kweliso. Oku kuvumela ukuba imeko yemithambo yegazi ibonakale.
• I-Fundus autofluorescence: Le yindlela yokuthatha imifanekiso yangaphakathi kweliso. Nangona kunjalo, oku akudingi kufakwa idayi. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kusetyenziswa umbala obizwa ngokuba yi-``Lipofuscin'' okhoyo emzimbeni wethu (oqokelelana njengoko sikhula okanye kwiimeko ezithile zonyango).

Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga oku? Iphathwa njani?

Ukuba une-optic disc drusen, mhlawumbi awuyi kufuna naluphi na unyango okanye ulawulo olukhethekileyo . Okwangoku akukho tyando okanye unyango lwale meko. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwabantu alunaxhala ngayo.

Ukuba ndine-Optic Disc Drusen, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ingqikelelo yomntu one-optic disc drusen idla ngokuba ntle kakhulu . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaguli banokulahlekelwa yimbono engaphandle . Yiloo nto iphambili enokwenzeka.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi drusen zinokubangela iingxaki. Ezi ngxaki zingaqhelekanga ziquka:

• Ii-Choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM): Ezi zimithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga eyakheka ngaphakathi kweliso. Zinokopha, nto leyo enokubangela ukulahleka kombono ophakathi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, unyango lwelaser lunokufuneka ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• I-Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): Oku kuxa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwi-optic nerve kuncipha, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwi-nerve.
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kwi-retina: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kwi-retina.

Ezi ziziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.

Ingaba le meko iyingozi?

Nokuba ubona utshintsho oluthile ekuboneni kwakho, i-Optic Disc Drusen ayisoloko iyingozi . Nangona kunjalo, inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zonyango. Yiyo loo nto iingcebiso zonyango kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho ndlela yokuthintela ukwakheka kwe- optic disc drusen.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo (uvavanyo lombono oluqhelekileyo). Kwakhona, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho , bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukuyityeshela nantoni na, nokuba incinci.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Optic Disc Drusen kunye nezinye izifo zamehlo?

I-Drusen ingabonakala ifana nezinye izifo zamehlo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwazo.

Akufuneki kudideke nePapilledema!

Abanye abantu babiza i-optic disc drusen ngokuthi "pseudopapilledema." Igama elithi "pseudo" lithetha ubuxoki, oko kuthetha ukuba ayiyonyani.

I-PapilledemaKulapho uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentloko yakho (uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwentloko) lubangela ukuba i-optic disc idumbe. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango.

I-optic disc drusen inokubangela ukuba ingcambu ye-optic nerve ibonakale idumbile, kodwa ayikuko ukudumba kokwenyani. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Pseudopapilledema'.

IGlaucoma kunye neOptic Disc Drusen

Zombini i-glaucoma kunye ne-optic disc drusen zinokubangela iingxaki kwindawo yakho yokubona. Ngamanye amaxesha, zombini ezi meko zinokwenzeka kunye. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho kufuneka akwazi ukwahlula phakathi kwezi meko zimbini . I-Glaucoma yimeko yamehlo enzima efuna unyango.

Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano neRetinitis Pigmentosa?

Abantu abanemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -retinitis pigmentosa (RP) banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-optic disc drusen kunabo bonke abantu. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abaneentlobo ezithile ze-RP nakubantu abanemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Usher syndrome .

Ngaba i-Noonan syndrome nayo iyayichaphazela?

I-Noonan syndrome sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Abantu abanale ngxaki banokuba neengxaki ngophuhliso lwe-optic disc. Ngenxa yoko, umntu one-Noonan syndrome unokuba ne-optic disc drusen.

Ngamafutshane, izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-Optic Disc Drusen. Ukuqukumbela, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ii-optic disc drusen zii-deposit ze-calcium kunye neeproteni ezinamafutha ezakha isiseko se-optic nerve ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Abantu abaninzi abanazo naziphi na iimpawu.
• Le meko ayisoloko iyingozi , kodwa kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, utshintsho oluthile embonweni okanye iingxaki zinokwenzeka.
• Okwangoku akukho nyango okanye unyango oluthile loku.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukujonga amehlo akho rhoqo kwaye ufumane ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho.

Khumbula, amehlo akho yeyona nto ixabisekileyo onayo. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwakho ukuwanyamekela kakuhle. Musa ukuthatha nayiphi na ingxaki enxulumene namehlo lula nangasiphi na isizathu.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngale nto, thetha nogqirha wakho wamehlo. Yena angakuxelela okungakumbi.