Utyelelo lomntwana wakho oneminyaka emi-2 ubudala oluya kunceda umntwana ophilileyo (Utyelelo lomntwana ophilileyo - Iminyaka emi-2): Masibone ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni.

Umntwana wakho omncinci ngoku uneminyaka emibini ubudala, akunjalo? Njengoko ekhula, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha okanye umongikazi ukuze ahlole impilo yakhe. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngezinto ezenzeka rhoqo xa kutyelelwa umntwana ophilileyo , oko ugqirha aza kukufuna, kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi. Oku kufana nengxoxo phakathi kwakho nogqirha.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa udibana nalo gqirha?

Xa uthatha umntwana wakho, ungalindela ukuba ugqirha kunye/okanye umongikazi enze oku kulandelayo:

1. Ukulinganisa ukukhula komntwana :

Into yokuqala oyenzayo kukulinganisa ubunzima bomntwana wakho, ubude, kunye nobubanzi bentloko yakhe uze ubhale phantsi ezo zilinganiso kwitshati yokukhula. Le yindlela onokubona ngayo ukuba umntwana wakho ukhula ngokufanelekileyo. Kwakhona, isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba bomntwana wakho, okanye i-BMI (Body Mass Index), siyabalwa kwaye sirekhodwe kwitshati. Oku kunokukunceda ubone ukuba umntwana wakho unobunzima obufanelekileyo na ngobude bakhe.

2. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo (`Uvavanyo loHlolo`):

Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho iimeko ezithile ekufuneka zichongwe kwangethuba ekukhuleni komntwana. Umzekelo, iimvavanyo ezinokunceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezifana ne-" Autism " kwangethuba zinokwenziwa kule minyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kukho into efana naleyo, singaqala ukunceda kwangethuba.

3. Ukuthetha ngomntwana wakho omncinci:

Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo, athethe ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo, aze akunike isikhokelo sendlela umntwana wakho oneminyaka emibini anokwenza ngayo ezi zinto:

• Ukutya neziselo:

Musa ukumangaliswa kukuba umntwana wakho omncinci ngamanye amaxesha akatyi nto ayithandayo, okanye ukuba akayityi into ayithandayo ngenye imini aze angayityi ngenye imini. Oku kuqhelekile kule minyaka. Cwangcisa ukondla umntwana wakho izidlo eziphambili ezi-3 kunye nezidlo ezi-2-3 ezinesondlo ngosuku. Luxanduva lwakho ukugqiba ukuba uza kumondla ngantoni, kodwa mvumele umntwana wakho agqibe ukuba uza kutya kangakanani.

• Ukuchama Nokuchitha Indle :

Uninzi lwabantwana lukulungele ukuqala uqeqesho lokutya ukutya ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukuya ekhitshini xa beneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ubudala . Ungabona xa umntwana wakho ekulungele ukuqala uqeqesho lokutya ngaphambi kokuba baqale ngale miqondiso:

• Ukubonisa umdla kwindlu yangasese (ukubukela oko kwenziwa ngumama, ngutata, okanye ngumntakwabo kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ehleli kwisitulo esincinci esinamanzi).
• Ungayigcina inabukeni yomile ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuba imanzi.
• Ungayitsala ibhulukhwe yakho uye ezantsi naphezulu ngoncedo.
• Qonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwemvakalelo yokufuna ukuchama /ukukhupha indle kunye nokuchama /ukukhupha indle.
• Kuthiwa xa inabukeni imanzi okanye ingcolile.

• Ukulala:

Ngokomndilili, umntwana oneminyaka emibini ubudala udinga malunga neeyure ezili-11-14 zokulala ngosuku, kuquka nokulala emini.

• Uphuhliso Lomntwana ('Uphuhliso'):

Xa beneminyaka emibini ubudala, uninzi lwabantwana benza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Amagama amabini adityanisiwe ukwenza isivakalisi (umz. "Ndifuna ubisi").
• Usebenzisa izimbo ezintsha ngaphandle kokuwangawangisa nokukhomba (umz., ukuvuthela uqabu).
• Xa becelwa ukuba bafumane izinto encwadini, bayakhomba kuzo.
• Ukubonisa ubuncinane iindawo ezimbini zomzimba.
• Ndiyakubona xa abanye bebuhlungu okanye bebuhlungu.
• Ukuzama ukusebenzisa izinto ezinje `iiswitshi`, `amaqhosha`, `amaqhosha`.
• Udlala ngamathoyizi asetyenziswa izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwesinye (umz., isitya sokudlala sibekwa kwipleyiti yokudlala).
• Ukubaleka nokukhaba ibhola.
• Unyuka izinyuko ezimbalwa ngezinyuko nokuba uncediswa okanye akancediswa (ngaphandle kokutsiba).

Ukuba umntwana wakho akafikeleli kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ziganeko zophuhliso, okanye ukuba uqaphela ukuba ulahlekelwa zizakhono zakhe zangaphambili, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.

4. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba :

Phambi kwakho, umntwana wakho uza kuhlutywa aze ahlolwe umzimba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuquka ukujonga amehlo akhe, amazinyo akhe, ukumamela intliziyo yakhe nemiphunga yakhe, kunye nokunikela ingqalelo kwizakhono zakhe zokunyakaza, indlela asebenzisa ngayo ulwimi, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe.

5. Uhlaziyo lweMithi yokugonya :

Ukugonywa yindlela yokukhusela abantwana kwizifo ezinzulu. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana wakho agonywe ngexesha. Iishedyuli zokugonywa zinokuhluka kancinci ukusuka kwiofisi kagqirha ukuya kwenye. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyilindele.

6. Ezinye iimvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko:

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokuyalela uvavanyo lwezinto ezinje ngetyhefu yelothe, i-anemia, i-cholesterol ephezulu , kunye nesifo sephepha.

Makhe sijonge phambili.

Kude kube lixesha lokuhlolwa kwakhona komntwana wakho, okuya kuba kwiinyanga ezingama-30, kulungile ukukhumbula ezi zinto:

Masizinyamekele ukutya neziselo.

• Kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana abancinci abakule minyaka baqhele ukutya uhlobo olufanayo lokutya ('i-food jags'). Nokuba umntwana wakho ubonakala ebambelele kuhlobo oluthile lokutya, qhubeka umnike ukutya okwahlukeneyo.
• Vumela umntwana wakho akhethe into aza kuyitya kunye nexesha aza kuyeka ngalo ukutya xa ehluthi. Mnike ukutya okunesondlo,Kuphephe ukunika iziselo ezineswekile eninzi .
• Tshintshela kubisi olunamafutha aphantsi okanye olungenamafutha , okanye unikeze iziselo zesoya ezomeleleyo nezingenaswekile. Nika ezinye iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha aphantsi okanye ezingenamafutha, ezifana neyogathi.
• Musa ukunika ngaphezulu kwe-120 ml yejusi yeziqhamo eyi-100% ngosuku.
• Kuphephe ukunika ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, ityuwa, ioyile, kunye nezondlo ezincinci.
• Kuphephe ukunika ukutya okunokubangela ukukrwitshwa, njengee-hot dog, iidiliya ezipheleleyo, imifuno eluhlaza, amandongomane, kunye neziqhamo eziqinileyo okanye iilekese.

Masincede ufunde.

• Abantwana abancinci bafunda ngcono xa besebenza kunye nabazali babo, abanakekeli, kunye nendawo abakuyo. Nciphisa ixesha lesikrini (oko kukuthi, ixesha elichithwa ubukele iTV, iikhompyutha, iitablethi, okanye ezinye izikrini) libe yiyure e-1-2 ngosuku. Oku kufanele kube yinkqubo yabantwana elungileyo, eninokuyibukela kunye wena nomntwana wakho.
• Nika umntwana wakho indawo yokudlala ekhuselekileyo , kwaye umnike ixesha elaneleyo lokuphonononga, ukubaleka, nokudlala ('ukudlala ngokusebenzayo'). Dlalani kunye rhoqo.
• Mfundele iincwadi umntwana wakho yonke imihla.

Masicinge nangokhathalelo lwemihla ngemihla kunye nokhuseleko.

• Vumela umntwana wakho ahlambe amazinyo phantsi kolwalathiso lwakho. Kabini ngemini, sebenzisa inani elincinci le-toothpaste (malunga nobukhulu be-pea) kunye ne-brush yamazinyo ethambileyo. Hlamba nakweyiphi na indawo angayiboniyo. Ukuba awukamboni ugqirha wamazinyo, qiniseka ukuba uyayenza loo nto. Ukuze uthintele ukubola kwamazinyo, ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wamazinyo angasebenzisa i-fluoride varnish emazinyweni omntwana wakho izihlandlo ezi-2-4 ngonyaka.
• Qaphela iimpawu zokuba umntwana wakho ukulungele ukuqalisa uqeqesho lokutya imbiza. Ukuba akanamdla, kungcono ulinde ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba uzame kwakhona. Kwanomntwana osebenzisa imbiza emini kwaye engenangxaki unokufuna i-diaper ebusuku.
• Misela imithetho engaguquguqukiyo umntwana wakho anokuyiqonda. Khuthaza ukuziphatha kakuhle, umncome, kwaye ube nesimo sengqondo esihle xa utshintsha ukuziphatha okungafunekiyo.
• Kuqhelekile ukuba abantwana babe ne-tantrums xa besele beneminyaka yobudala. Zinokwenzeka ngakumbi xa bediniwe okanye belambile. Zama ukuyeka i-tantrums ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke - mphazamise umntwana wakho okanye umsuse kuloo meko.
• Musa ukumbetha umntwana wakho. Abantwana abaqondi ukuba ukudibana kokubetha kunye nokuziphatha okungafanelekanga ozama ukukulungisa kunxulumene njani. Endaweni yoko, ungasebenzisa ixesha elifutshane lokuphumla.
• Xa uthatha umntwana emotweni,Gcina umntwana wakho kwisihlalo semoto esijonge ngasemva ade afikelele kubunzima obuphezulu okanye ubude obucetyiswa ngumenzi wesihlalo semoto. Icebiso lakudala yayikukuba amjike ajonge phambili emva kweminyaka emi-2. Kodwa ngoku, iingcali zokhuseleko zithi kungcono ukwenza njalo ngokusekwe kubukhulu bomntwana, kungekhona ubudala. Ngoko ke, abantwana abancinci banokuhlala kwisihlalo semoto esijonge ngasemva ade abe neminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4 ubudala.
• Jonga umntwana wakho xa edlala ngaphandle okanye kwizixhobo zokudlala. Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala enxibe isigcina-ntloko xa eqhuba ibhayisekile enamavili amathathu okanye ekhwele kwisihlalo sebhayisekile yomntu omdala.
• Khusela umntwana wakho kwiingozi zezibhamu ngokungagcini umpu endlwini. Ukuba unesibhamu, sivaleleke, ngaphandle kweembumbulu. Izibhamu mazigcinwe zodwa. Gcina izitshixo zingafikeleleki ebantwaneni.
• Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nemeko yakho yokuhlala, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ngaba unazo izinto ozidingayo ukuze unyamekele umntwana wakho? Ngaba unokutya okwaneleyo, indawo ekhuselekileyo yokuhlala, kunye ne-inshurensi yezempilo? Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ngezixhobo zoluntu okanye akuthumele kumncedisi wentlalontle.

La maphepha olwazi ngokuhlolwa ahambelana nezikhokelo ze-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)/Bright Futures.

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngolu tyelelo lukagqirha lweminyaka emibini, akunjalo? Ngamafutshane, le yintlanganiso ebalulekileyo phakathi kwakho, umntwana wakho omncinci, kunye nogqirha.

• Kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba umntwana ukhula kakuhle na. Itshathi ethi `Growth chart` kunye nethi `BMI` ziyanceda koku.
• Musa ukunyanzelisa ukutya, kodwa mnike ukutya okunesondlo. Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho ukulungele na ukufundiswa ukuya ebhedini.
• Nika ingqalelo kubuchule bomntwana wakho, intetho yakhe, kunye nokudlala kwakhe. Ukuba kukho into ebonakala ngathi yingxaki, xelela ugqirha .
• Nika isitofu sokugonya ngexesha. Oko kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukhuseleko luza kuqala! Soloko ucinga ngokhuseleko lomntwana wakho ekhaya, ngaphandle, nasemotweni.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Bakhona ukukunceda.

Ucinga ngezi zinto, yiya kutyelelo olubalulekileyo lukagqirha nomntwana wakho omncinci. Emva koko nawe uya kuziva ukhululekile!

Impilo yabantwana , uhlolo lweminyaka emibini, utyelelo lomntwana osempilweni, uphuhliso lomntwana, uqeqesho lokutya okuphuma ebhotileni, ukugonywa komntwana, ukhuseleko lomntwana