Singathetha ngale network imangalisayo (iPeripheral Nervous System) ethwala ulwazi emzimbeni wethu wonke?

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba izinto zintsonkothile kangakanani ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu? Kufana ne-supercomputer, akunjalo? Ukuze silungelelanise konke oku, kwaye sithwale ulwazi ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, sinenkqubo ekhethekileyo. Siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo . Ineenxalenye ezimbini eziphambili. Enye yiNkqubo yeNervous ePhakathi, esebenza njenge "ziko lethu lolawulo eliphambili." Enye yiNkqubo yeNervous ePheripheral, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, kwaye isasazeka emzimbeni wonke. Cinga nje ngenkqubo emangalisayo "yeentambo" ezihamba ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni zakho !

Ngoko ke yintoni le Peripheral Nervous System?

Ngamafutshane, iPeripheral Nervous System ( PNS ) yinethiwekhi enkulu yemithambo-luvo eqala kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (oko kukuthi, ingqondo kunye nomqolo) kwaye idlulele kuyo yonke intloko, intamo, umzimba, kunye namalungu. Kufana nenkqubo yentambo yombane endlwini. Ukusuka kwi-switchboard ephambili (oko kukuthi, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi), iingcingo zihamba ziye kwigumbi ngalinye, isibane ngasinye, kunye nendawo nganye yokuxhuma, akunjalo? Yindlela eyenzeka ngayo loo nto.

Uyazi ukuba ziintoni ii-nerve? Zifana neentambo ezincinci. Zenziwe ngohlobo oluthile lweseli olubizwa ngokuba zii-neurons . Ezi neurons zinokudlulisela ulwazi ngokukhawuleza ngemiqondiso yombane neyekhemikhali. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ubetha umnwe wakho ndaweni ithile, intlungu iya ebuchotsheni kwimizuzwana embalwa ngokusebenzisa olu nxibelelwano lwee-nerve.

Luluphi ulwalamano phakathi kweNkqubo yeNervous ephakathi kunye neNkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral?

Ezi zimbini zifana neofisi enkulu yenkampani enkulu kunye nenethiwekhi yayo yamasebe.

• Inkqubo yeNervous ePhakathi (CNS) yingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo . Eli "ligumbi lolawulo" okanye "iziko lokwenza izigqibo" lomzimba wethu. Lonke ulwazi luyaqokelelwa, luhlalutywe, kwaye izigqibo zenziwa apha.
• Inkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral (PNS) "yiarhente yonxibelelwano" ethwala ulwazi oluvela kwigumbi lolawulo eliphambili ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye iindawo zomzimba, kwaye ibuyisela ulwazi kwigumbi lolawulo oluvela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Ngamafutshane, i-CNS ayinakusebenza yodwa ngaphandle kwe-PNS. I-PNS ibalulekile ekuthwaleni imiyalezo evela kwi-CNS kuwo wonke umzimba nasekudluliseni iimvakalelo ezivela emzimbeni ukuya kwi-CNS. Xa zizonke, ezi zimbini zakha yonke inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo.

Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili zeNkqubo yeNervous yePeripheral?

Inkqubo ye-peripheral nervous system (PNS) inokwahlulwa ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi ewenzayo.

1. Inkqubo yeNervous yeSomatic

Oku kunxulumene nezinto esinokuzilawula ngokuthanda kwethu . Oko kukuthi, izinto ozenzayo ngabom.

• Iintshukumo zokuzithandela: Izinto ezinje ngokuphakamisa ingalo, ukuhambisa umlenze, ukuhamba, ukuthetha. Ezi zenziwa ngemithambo-luvo elawula izihlunu zethu zamathambo . Ezi sizibiza ngokuba ' yimithambo-luvo yemoto'. Ezi zithwala imiyalelo esuka engqondweni nasemqolo ukuya kwimisipha.
• Ukwamkela Iimvakalelo: Iimvakalelo esizifumana kwiimvakalelo zethu ezintlanu (amehlo, iindlebe, impumlo, ulwimi, ulusu) – ezinjengokubona, ukuva, ukuvumba, ukungcamla, ukuchukumisa , intlungu, ubushushu – zithwalwa zisiwe engqondweni ziimithambo-luvo zale nkqubo.

Khawuthelekelele ubona umhlobo uze uphakamise isandla. Imvakalelo yokubona umhlobo wakho (imvakalelo) iya engqondweni ngemithambo-luvo. Emva koko umyalezo ovela engqondweni ukuya kushukumisa isandla uya kwimisipha esesandleni sakho ngemithambo-luvo yokunyakaza. Konke oku kwenzeka ngenkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba.

2. Inkqubo yeNervous eZilawulayo

Le yinxalenye emangalisayo. Ilawula izinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kokuba thina siqaphele . Awucingi ngezinto ezifana nokuphefumla, ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukugaya ukutya, okanye ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba wakho, akunjalo? Ziyenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo. Yiloo nto ilawulwa yi- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

Le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo yahlulwe kwakhona yangamacandelo amabini aphambili. Isebenza njenge-accelerator kunye neebhuleki zemoto.

A. Inkqubo Yeemvakalelo Enovelwano

Le "yinkqubo yethu yongxamiseko." Kufana nokusilungiselela "ukulwa okanye ukubaleka." Le nkqubo isebenza xa usoyika, usengozini, okanye uxinezelekile kakhulu.

• Isantya sentliziyo siyanda.
• Ukuphefumla kuyakhawuleza.
• Umbona wamehlo uyanda (ukuze ubone ngcono).
• Ukubila.
• Izinto ezingabalulekanga ngelo xesha, ezinje ngokugaya ukutya, ziyayekiswa okwethutyana okanye zincitshiswe.

Konke oku kwenzelwa ukunika umzimba wakho amandla angakumbi okujongana neengxamiseko.

B. Inkqubo yeNervous ye-Parasympathetic

Oku kusebenza ngokuchasene nenkqubo yokunxibelelana neemvakalelo. Oku "kukuphumla nokwetyisa."Inkqubo (`yokuphumla nokugaya`). Xa imeko engxamisekileyo idlula, uze uzole, le nkqubo iyasebenza kwaye ibuyisela umzimba esiqhelweni.

• Yehlisa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo.
• Ukuphefumla kuyazola.
• Iphucula ukugaya ukutya.
• Inceda ukonga amandla.

Ngoku uyaqonda ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani ukuba ezi nkqubo zimbini zisebenze ngokulinganisela? Enye "iyavuselela" umzimba, ngelixa enye "iyawuzolisa".

Ngoko ke yintoni kanye kanye le nkqubo yemithambo-luvo (PNS) esenzela yona?

Sisandula ukuthetha ngezabelo. Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iinkonzo esizifumanayo kwi-PNS ngokubanzi.

• Ukuqonda iimvakalelo kusinceda: Siziva yonke into, kuquka ubushushu, umkhuhlane, iintlungu, ivumba, incasa, ukubona, nokuva, kuba ulwazi luhamba luye ebuchotsheni ngemithambo-luvo ekwi-PNS. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ngempazamo uchukumisa ikomityi yeti eshushu, ungasisusa njani isandla sakho kwangoko nje ukuba uzive ubushushu? Kwimizuzwana embalwa, i-PNS ithumela umqondiso engqondweni isithi, "Kushushu!", kwaye ingqondo ithumela umqondiso isithi, "Susa isandla sakho!"
• Iintshukumo zethu zilawulwa: ukuhamba, ukubaleka, ukubhala, ukuthetha, ukuhleka... Konke oku kulawulwa zimisipha zethu ngokusebenzisa imithambo-luvo ye-PNS.
• Ilawula izinto ezenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo emzimbeni: Izinto ezininzi esingenakuzilawula, ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla, ukubila, ukugaya ukutya, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, kodwa zibalulekile ukuze siphile, zilawulwa yinxalenye ye-PNS ezimeleyo.
• Ukusabela ngokukhawuleza: Ngamanye amaxesha imizimba yethu isabela ngaphambi kokuba sicinge ngayo ukuze siphephe ingozi. Umzekelo, ukuphakamisa imilenze yethu xa sibethelwa yintonga, okanye ukuvala amehlo ethu xa sibona into ethile. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-reflexes. Ezi zenzeka kuba umyalezo okhawulezileyo uthunyelwa kwi-spinal cord nge-PNS, kwaye impendulo ekhawulezileyo ifunyanwa apho. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zenzeka ngaphambi kokuba umyalezo ufikelele engqondweni.

Ngaba inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo (i-PNS) ingaba neengxaki?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngenkqubo enzima kangaka, ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zinokuvela. Ukuba imithambo-luvo yonakele, ukusebenza kwayo kunokuphazamiseka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-peripheral neuropathy .

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonwayo zezi:

• Ukungaziva mnandi, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nentlungu emalungeni (ingakumbi ebusuku)
• Ukuncipha kwemvakalelo yokuchukumisa, ubushushu, kunye nentlungu
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ubunzima bokuhamba
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukuwa rhoqo
• Ukuba inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous iyachaphazeleka, izinto ezifana notshintsho ekubileni, utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye neengxaki zokugaya ukutya zinokwenzeka.

Yintoni enokubangela oku?

• Isifo seswekile: Isifo seswekile sesona sibangela i-peripheral neuropathy. Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini ixesha elide anokonakalisa imithambo-luvo.
• Ukunqongophala kweevithamini: Ingakumbi ukunqongophala kwe `(iVitamin B12)` kunye nezinye iivithamini zeB.
• Ukulimala:Umthambo uyasikwa, utyunyuzwe, okanye utsalwe ngengozi.
• Ukucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo: Umzekelo, i-carpal tunnel syndrome, ebangelwa kukucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo edlula esihlahleni.
• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane.
• Iityhefu: Ukusebenzisa utywala kakhulu, ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezithile.
• Izifo zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Kwezinye izifo, inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela imithambo-luvo.
• Unyango lomhlaza nomhlaza: Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza kunye nonyango olufana ne-chemotherapy zinokuchaphazela imithambo-luvo.

Ukuba unale mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunokunceda ukunyanga imeko kwaye kuthintele ukuba ibe mandundu.

Singayinyamekela njani kakuhle inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo exabisekileyo (i-PNS)?

Kubalulekile kakhulu ukugcina i-PNS isempilweni, nto leyo enceda umzimba wethu wonke ukuba unxibelelane. Makhe sibone ukuba singakwenzela ntoni.

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Kubalulekile ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ingakumbi ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin B (iinkozo, imifuno, iziqhamo, inyama, intlanzi, amaqanda).
• Lawula isifo seswekile: Ukuba unesifo seswekile, lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kakuhle ngokutya ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza, njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi, nto leyo ikwaluncedo kwimithambo-luvo.
• Ziphephe utywala nokutshaya: Ezi zinto ziyingozi kwimithambo-luvo.
• Thatha amanyathelo okhuseleko: Ziphephe iingozi ezonakalisa imithambo-luvo. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko emsebenzini naxa udlala imidlalo.
• Fumana unyango olufanelekileyo lwezifo ezingapheliyo: Akukuphela nje kwesifo seswekile, kodwa ukuba unezinye izifo ezingapheliyo, zifumane unyango olufanelekileyo.
• Lumka ngentshukumo eziphindaphindayo: Ukuba usebenza kumsebenzi oquka iintshukumo eziphindaphindayo (umz., ukusebenza kwikhompyutha), thatha ikhefu rhoqo kwaye utshintshe izikhundla ukuze uphephe ukucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku unombono olungileyo wento eyiyo iPeripheral Nervous System . Le "yinethiwekhi yonxibelelwano" emangalisayo ethwala imiyalezo evela kwingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo ukuya kuzo zonke iikona zomzimba, kwaye ikwafumana imiyalezo evela kuyo yonke indawo.

• Inamacandelo amabini: inkqubo ye-somatic, esinokuyilawula, kunye nenkqubo ye-autonomic, esebenza ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Inkqubo ye-autonomic nervous nayo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: i-sympathetic (engxamisekileyo) kunye ne -parasympathetic (ukuphumla).
• Zonke iimvakalelo zethu, iintshukumo, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi zendalo emzimbeni zixhomekeke kule PNS.
• Iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile zinokuyonakalisa le nkqubo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni .
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zezifo ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo , musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye funa ingcebiso kugqirha .

Imizimba yethu iyindalo emangalisayo. Ulwazi oluncinci malunga nezi nkqubo zintsonkothileyo lunokusinceda sihlale siphilile. Ngoko ke, ungalibali ukunyamekela "nenkqubo yakho yokudibanisa umzimba"!

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