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Ngaba amehlo akho angacimeka? Makhe sithethe nge (Phthisis Bulbi)!

MBBS
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📅 Updated: Jul 16, 2026 • ⏱ 8 min read • Umgaqo-nkqubo woHlelo
Ngaba amehlo akho angacimeka? Makhe sithethe nge (Phthisis Bulbi)!
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Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba xa amehlo ethu onakele kakhulu, anokuyeka ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo size silahlekelwe kukubona ngonaphakade? Kuyoyikisa ngokwenene, akunjalo? Kodwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimeko ezinjalo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko apho amehlo engasebenzi ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo oogqirha abayibiza ngokuba yi-(Phthisis Bulbi). Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-(end-stage eye), nto leyo ethetha "end-stage eye".
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Yintoni kanye kanye (i-Phthisis Bulbi)?

Ngamafutshane, (Phthisis Bulbi) ligama lezonyango lemeko eyenzeka xa iliso lakho lonakele kakhulu kwaye liyeka ukusebenza ngokusisigxina. Oku akufanele kudidaniswe notshintsho oluqhelekileyo olwenzeka emehlweni njengoko sikhula, akunjalo? Oku kwenzeka xa iliso lonakele kakhulu, ukuya kwinqanaba apho lingasakwazi ukulungiswa. Cinga ngako, iliso lethu lifana nekhamera encinci entsonkothileyo, akunjalo? Kule meko (Phthisis Bulbi), umonakalo weliso uchaphazela iindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zalo:
  • I-Sclera : Le yinxalenye emhlophe yeliso ejikeleze amehlo ethu. Kwimeko ye-Phthisis Bulbi, iba nkulu kwaye iqine.
  • I-Retina : Olu layer olungasemva kweliso luguqula ukukhanya kube ziimpawu zombane kwaye luzithumele engqondweni, nto leyo esinika umbono . I-Phthisis I-Bulbi yonakalisa i-retina ngokusisigxina, ithintela ukuba ingasebenzi kakuhle.
  • I-Cornea: Le nxalenye icacileyo yeliso engaphambili kweliso isinceda sibone izinto ngokucacileyo. Kwimeko ye-Phthisis Bulbi, le cornea inokuba lukhuni kwaye ibe namafu.
  • Inxalenye enombala yeliso, i-iris: Le nxalenye yeliso enika amehlo ethu umbala inokonakala yi-Phthisis Bulbi. Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-neovascularization ye-iris inokwenzeka, apho imithambo yegazi emitsha idalwa khona kwi-iris.
Lo monakalo ukwatshintsha nendlela iliso lakho elibona ngayo. Oko kukuthi, iliso elonakeleyo libona ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunelinye iliso lakho. Olu tshintsho lungabandakanya:
  • Iliso liyancipha lize libe lincinci (atrophy).
  • Amehlo abonakala enesikwere kancinci kunokuba abe ngqukuva.
  • Izibazi ngaphakathi kweliso.
  • Iliso libonakala litshonile kwi (pseudo enophthalmos).
  • Umbono ofipheleyo, ungaboni kakuhle.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-(Phthisis Bulbi) sele iphuhlile, ayinakunyangwa ukuze iliso libuyele kwimeko yalo eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi iimeko ezinokubangela le meko, kwaye ukuba zichongiwe kwaye zinyangwe kwangethuba , zinokuthintelwa ekubeni ziqhubekele kwimeko embi kangaka.
Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni okanye ekuboneni kwakho, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza.Ukuba uzibona kwangethuba iimpawu, unganciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo esifana ne-(Phthisis Bulbi).

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

I-Phthisis Bulbi ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu abadala banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinokonakalisa amehlo abo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba abantu abancinci abanakuyifumana. Nabani na unokufumana isifo samehlo esikwinqanaba lokugqibela. Singenzeka kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala abancinci, nokuba kungenxa yokwenzakala okubuhlungu kweliso okanye ngenxa yemeko yokuzalwa. Abantu abanezifo ezithile zokuzikhusela komzimba, apho inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli zayo, nabo basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-phthisis bulbi. Ezi zifo zinokubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo emehlweni, okunokonakalisa amehlo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zinobungozi, ngumbono olungileyo ukuthetha nengcali yamehlo. Ezinye izifo ezivuthayo ezinokukhokelela kwi-(Phthisis Bulbi) zezi:

Zithini iimpawu ze (Phthisis Bulbi)?

Uphawu oluphambili nolucacileyo lwale meko kukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kombono kwiliso elichaphazelekayo. Olu hlobo lokungaboni luhlala luhleli kwaye alunakunyangeka. Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza olu hlobo lokungaboni ngokuthi "ukungalungelelani." Oku kuthetha ukuba utshintsho olungaphakathi kweliso luye lwafikelela kwinqanaba apho lungenakulungiswa khona. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:
  • Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono.
  • Uvelwano ekukhanyeni (ubunzima bokujonga ukukhanya).
  • Intlungu.
  • Ukubona izinto ezidadayo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo phambi kwamehlo.
  • Amehlo anqamlezileyo okanye angalingani kakuhle (iStrabismus).

Zithini izizathu zale meko yamehlo?

Nantoni na enokwenzakalisa iliso ngokusisigxina ize ilithintele ukusebenza kwalo inokubangela (Phthisis Bulbi). Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zezi:
  • Iintlungu ezifana nokwenzakala kwamehlo. Cinga ngako njengokudlala imidlalo, ukuba sengozini yemoto, okanye ukubethwa liliso yinto ebukhali.
  • Iintsholongwane.
  • I-Retinoblastoma (umhlaza wamehlo owenzeka kubantwana abancinci) kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
  • Iziphene zokuzalwa kunye nezinye iimeko zokuzalwa.
  • Iingxaki emva kotyando lwamehlo.
  • Unyango ngemitha.
  • Ezinye izifo zegazi ezifana nesifo seSickle cell.

Izifo ezichaphazela amehlo ixesha elide

Kukho izifo zamehlo ezinokonakalisa amehlo ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ekugqibeleni zikhokelele kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-(Phthisis Bulbi). Ezinye zezifo ezinjalo eziphambili zezi:
  • Ii-retina eziphindaphindwayo (ezingapheliyo).
  • I-Uveitis kukudumba okungaphakathi kweliso.
  • (Isifo seCoats).
  • I-retinopathy yokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwexesha sisifo esichaphazela i-retina yeentsana ezisandula ukuzalwa.
  • Umonakalo wamehlo obangelwa sisifo seswekile (i-Diabetes-related retinopathy).

Uyazi njani ukuba unayo (i-Phthisis Bulbi)?

Ugqirha wamehlo kuphela onokuqinisekisa ukuba une-Phthisis Bulbi ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo. Uza kuhlola iliso lakho ngononophelo (kuquka nebhola yeliso) ukuba akukho manxeba okanye omnye umonakalo. Ezi ziimpawu zeliso elikwinqanaba lokugqibela. Ngamanye amaxesha unokufuna ukuba wenze i-CT scan okanye i-MRI. Oku kungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yeliso kunye nezicubu ezijikeleze lona.

Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga oku?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho nyango lunokubuyisela umbono emva kokuba imeko ye-(Phthisis Bulbi) iqhubele phambili ukuya kwinqanaba apho umbono ulahlekile. Nje ukuba i-(iliso lesigaba sokugqibela) lifikelelwe, umonakalo weliso awunakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ingcali yamehlo yakho inokucebisa ukuba ususwe iliso elonakeleyo uze ulifake i-(iliso lokufakelwa). Eli liso lokwenziwa linokwenziwa ukuba lifane neliso lakho eliphilileyo. Nangona kunjalo, le yinkqubo yobuhle kuphela. Ayibuyisi umbono olahlekileyo. Ukususa iliso elonakeleyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba.

Ngaba i-Phthisis Bulbi ingathintelwa?

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-Phthisis Bulbi kukubona ugqirha wamehlo kwangoko xa ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye utshintsho emehlweni okanye ekuboneni kwakho. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni iimeko ezinokukhokelela kule meko yamehlo ekupheleni kwesigaba kwaye uzinyange ngaphambi kokuba zibangele umonakalo ongunaphakade. Kunzima ukuthintela i-Phthisis Bulbi ukuba ingenzeki ngenxa yokwenzakala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukunxiba ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lwamehlo xa udlala imidlalo okanye usebenza kwiindawo apho kukho umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwamehlo.

Ufanele uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaphi?

Ukujonga amehlo akho rhoqo kunye nokubona kunokunceda ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukuba afumanise naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Uvavanyo lwamehlo luyahluka ngokweminyaka:
  • Abantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40: Ngokwesiqhelo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwelishumi.
  • Abantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-54 ubudala: Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemine.
  • Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala: Unyaka ngamnye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu.
Ukuba unxiba iiglasi, unxibe izinto ezidibanayo, okanye ufuna olunye uncedo lokubona, unokufuna ukuhlolwa amehlo akho rhoqo. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo. Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho wamehlo ukuba ufuna ukuvavanywa amehlo kangaphi .

Yintoni emele ilindelwe ngumntu one (Phthisis Bulbi)?

Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelela okanye umntu omaziyo ukuba une-(Phthisis Bulbi), kufuneka ulindele ukuba le meko ihlale ihleli. Nje ukuba ugqirha afumanise ukuba i-(Phthisis Bulbi), sele kudlule ixesha ukuyinyanga nokubuyisela umbono. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-(Phthisis Bulbi), ingakumbi ukuba ibangelwa yinto efana ne-(trauma), ezinye iimpawu okanye iingxaki zinokuvela. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyilindele.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Khumbula, bonana nogqirha wamehlo kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni akho okanye ekuboneni. Indlela ekuphela kwayo yokuthintela (Phthisis Bulbi) kukuchonga unobangela weempawu ngaphambi kokuba zibangele umonakalo ongunaphakade emehlweni.
Ukuba wenzakele emehlweni okanye ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa ngumbono, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha/ugqirha

Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-(Phthisis Bulbi), ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:
  • Yintoni ebangela ukuba ndiphuhlise (Phthisis Bulbi)?
  • Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga iliso lokufakelwa?
  • Ndifanele ndihlolwe kangaphi amehlo am aphilileyo?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule kwinto esiyithethileyo (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-(Phthisis Bulbi) namhlanje, akunjalo? Nangona esi sisifo esinzulu, kusabalulekile ukuba usiqaphele. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
  • (Phthisis Bulbi) yimeko apho iliso lonakele kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kokubona okungapheliyo kunye nobumfama.
  • Oku akuyonto iqhelekileyo yokwaluphala. Kunokubangelwa ziingozi ezinkulu, usulelo, kunye neemeko ezithile zempilo.
  • Wakuba ufike kwimeko ye (Phthisis Bulbi), awukwazi ukuphinda ubone kwakhona.
  • Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uninzi lweemeko ezinokubangela oku zichongiwe kwaye zinyangwa kwangethuba, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba (Phthisis Bulbi) inokuthintelwa.
  • Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye iimpawu ezintsha emehlweni akho, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza.
  • Nxiba izibuko zamehlo ezifanelekileyo xa kukho umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwamehlo.
Amehlo ethu axabiseke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, luxanduva lwethu ukuwanyamekela. Musa ukoyika, kodwa lumka. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. I-Phthisis bulbi, iliso lokugqibela, ubumfama, iingxaki zamehlo, ukulahleka kokubona, impilo yamehlo, ukwenzakala kwamehlo
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